Ukuhlolwa kwe-Glaucoma: Usaba Ukuhlolwa Amehlo Akho? Ake Sixoxe Ngalokhu Kalula!

Amehlo akho ayigugu kangakanani kuwe? Kuyinto engenakushiwo ngamazwi. Ukubona kungenye yezinsiza ezibaluleke kakhulu esinazo ukuze sibone ubuhle kuleli zwe. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kunezifo ezilimaza umbono wethu ngasese ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezinkulu. Esinye isitha esinjalo esithule yi-"Glaucoma". Abantu abaningi bayasaba lapho bezwa leli gama, futhi banokwesaba okukhulu nokungabaza ngezivivinyo ezenziwayo zalokhu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale i-glaucoma kusenesikhathi, ingabe ziyabuhlungu, futhi kufanele sesabe?

Iyini ngempela i-glaucoma?

Kalula nje, i-glaucoma yigama elijwayelekile leqembu lezifo zamehlo ezilimaza i-optic nerve , i-optic nerve eyinhloko ethwala imiyalezo esuka esweni iye ebuchosheni. Cabanga ngeso lakho njengekhamera, kanti i-optic nerve yikhebula elisuka kuleyo khamera liye ebuchosheni. Uma le khebula lonakele, izithombe azifiki ebuchosheni kahle, futhi yilapho ulahlekelwa khona ukubona kancane kancane.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso iphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Uketshezi luyanqwabelana ngaphakathi kweso, futhi ludinga ukuphuma. Uma kukhona okuphazamisa lokhu kukhipha amanzi, ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso iyakhula. Lokhu kucindezela okwandayo yikona okulimaza inzwa ethambile ye-optic. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo monakalo unganda futhi uholele ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kokubona.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lokhu?

Nakuba i-glaucoma ingathinta noma ubani, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Bheka ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini kulezi zici ezisebenza kuwe.

• Uma othile emndenini wakho enayo: Uma umama wakho, ubaba, noma izingane zakini zine-glaucoma, ingozi yakho yokuba nayo iphakeme kakhulu.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala: Le ngozi iyanda njengoba ukhula.
• Ezinye izifo: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-glaucoma.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo: Uma uke walimala iso ngaphambilini noma wahlinzwa iso okuyinkimbinkimbi.
• Imithi ethile: Kulabo abasebenzisa imithi ye-corticosteroid (isib. i-prednisone) isikhathi eside.
• Ezinye izinkinga zamehlo: Abantu abangaboni kahle bangaba nezinhlobo ezithile ze-glaucoma.

Kufanele ngithole nini ukuhlolwa kwe-glaucoma?

I-glaucoma ivame ukungabi nazimpawu ezigabeni zayo zokuqala, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "isitha esithule esintshontsha ukubona." Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingavela.

• Izindawo ezingaboni emehlweni.
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu noma ingcindezi emehlweni.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukubona izinto eziyindilinga ezifana nothingo lapho ubheka ukukhanya.
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo.
• Umbono womhubhe.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha bese uhlolwa amehlo akho.

Ngokuvamile, uhlelo olunconywayo kulabo abasengozini lumi kanje:

• Iminyaka engama-40-54: kanye njalo eminyakeni eyi-1-3.
• Iminyaka engu-55-64: kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2.
• Abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu: Njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-6-12.

Zisebenza kanjani lezi zivivinyo? Ake sizibheke ngasinye ngasinye.

Kunezivivinyo eziningana zokuhlola i-glaucoma. Udokotela wakho angenza okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi iningi lalezi zivivinyo liyashesha, alibuhlungu , futhi alihlaseli. Ake sibheke izivivinyo eziyinhloko.

1. Ukuhlola 'i-angle' ngaphakathi kweso (Ukuhlolwa kwe-angle / i-Gonioscopy)

Lokhu kubheka i-engela lapho ingxenye ecacile yeso lakho (i-cornea) kanye nengxenye enemibala yeso lakho (iris) kuhlangana khona. Uketshezi olwakha ngaphakathi kweso lakho lugeleza ngale engela. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi lunciphile noma luvinjiwe. Uma luvinjiwe, kungaba uphawu lwe-glaucoma.

• Indlela okwenziwa ngayo: Udokotela uzoqala ngokufaka amaconsi amehlo ukuze aqede ukuvuvukala. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazobeka kancane ilensi ekhethekile ku-cornea yakho bese behlola i-engeli.

2. Ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea (ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea / i-Pachymetry)

Ubukhulu be-cornea yakho buyasiza futhi ukukunikeza umbono ngengozi yakho ye-glaucoma. Uma i-cornea yakho incane kunejwayelekile, ingozi yakho iphakeme kancane.

• Indlela okwenziwa ngayo: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka amaconsi amehlo ukuze kuncishiswe amehlo. Bese kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elincane kakhulu (i-probe) ukuthinta ngobumnene ubuso beliso bese kulinganiswa ukujiya kwalo.

3. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvulekile

Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone ngokucacile i-optic nerve kanye ne-retina ngaphakathi kweso lakho.

• Indlela okwenziwa ngayo: Amaconsi amehlo asetshenziswa ukwandisa i-pupil. Bese kuthi, kusetshenziswa idivayisi ekhethekile yokukhanya nokukhulisa, umbala, usayizi, ukuma, kanye nemithambo yegazi ye-optic nerve kuyahlolwa ngokucophelela. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi i-nerve yonakele yini.

4. Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwamehlo / i-Tonometry

Esinye sezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-glaucoma ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kweso. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa leyo ngcindezi.

• Indlela yokukwenza:Iso liyaba ndikindiki ngokusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo futhi kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elincane ukuthinta ngobumnene ubuso beso ukuze kulinganiswe ukucindezeleka. Lokhu akubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale ukhululekile futhi uthule.

5. Ukuthwebula izithombe zemizwa yamehlo

Lolu vivinyo olusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu oluthatha izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane ze-optic nerve kanye ne-retina.

• Indlela okwenziwa ngayo: Ukuskena okusetshenziswa kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) . Okudingeka ukwenze nje ukubeka isilevu sakho esiseleni somshini bese ubheka ilensi. Akukho lutho olufakwa esweni lakho. Ngemizuzu embalwa, isithombe esifana nemephu sazo zonke izingqimba ezingaphakathi kweso lakho siyathathwa.

6. Ukuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo

Ku-glaucoma, into yokuqala eyonakele umbono ongaphandle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola amabala amnyama, noma izindawo ongakwazi ukuzibona, noma kuphi emkhakheni wakho wokubona.

• Indlela yokukwenza: Ngesikhathi ubheka into ngeso elilodwa elivaliwe, ucelwa ukuthi ubone ukuthi uyakwazi yini ukubona izimpawu zokukhanya ezivela eduze kwakho. Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa umshini okhethekile kulokhu.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa kanye nemiphumela

Ngemva kokuhlolwa, ikakhulukazi uma unikezwe imithi yokwandisa i-cornea yakho, umbono wakho ungase ungabonakali amahora ambalwa . Ungase ube nombono oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uma ubhekene nokukhanya.

Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi imiphumela eminingi yalezi zivivinyo itholakala ngokushesha . Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela imiphumela.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma imiphumela ibonisa i-glaucoma?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-glaucoma, ungesabi. Uma kutholakale kusenesikhathi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingasiza ekulawuleni nasekumiseni umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho obangelwa yi-glaucoma . Udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukwelashwa okukulungele.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo zingase ziphakanyiswe:

• Imithi: Amaconsi noma amaphilisi okwehlisa umfutho wamehlo.
• Ukwelashwa nge-laser: Ukwelashwa nge-laser okusiza uketshezi olusesweni ukuthi luphume kalula.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ukwenza i-incision encane ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi oluningi esweni noma ukufaka ipayipi elincane esweni ukuze kukhishwe uketshezi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka uthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho futhi uyohlolwa ngokulandelana ngesikhathi esibekiwe.