Uma ubheka ikhadi lokugoma lomntwana wakho, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona amagama anjenge-DTaP kanye ne-Tdap. Esinye sezifo eziyinhloko ezivikelwa yile mijovo yi-diphtheria. Kungenzeka ukuthi awuzange uzwe okuningi ngalesi sifo. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi namuhla, ngenxa yale mijovo, lesi sifo asivamile ezweni lakithi. Kodwa-ke, lokho akusho ukuthi akufanele sikhathazeke ngaso. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi uyini lo muthi wokugoma we-diphtheria nokuthi kungani ubaluleke kangaka kithi nasezinganeni zethu.
Iyini i-diphtheria? Kungani umuthi wokugomela ubaluleke kangaka?
Kalula nje, i-diphtheria iyigciwane elibangelwa amagciwane . Lithinta kakhulu ikhala lethu nomphimbo. Libangela ukwakheka koqweqwe olujiyile nolumpunga emphinjeni nasemathonsilini . Lokhu kungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula.
Cabanga ngakho, lokhu akuyona nje i-diphtheria ebuhlungu. Uma i-diphtheria ingalawulwa kahle, ingaholela ezinkingeni eziyingozi kakhulu.
- I-pneumonia : Ukutheleleka kungasakazekela emaphashini.
- Ukwehluleka kwamaphaphu: Ubunzima bokuphefumula bungaba nzima futhi amaphaphu angase angasebenzi kahle.
- Ukukhubazeka : Ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya bungalimaza isimiso sezinzwa somzimba.
- Ukulimala kwenhliziyo: Ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo kungaholela esifweni senhliziyo .
Ngokwezibalo, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi othola i-diphtheria uyafa. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani kufanele sesabe lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuzivikela kulesi sifo esibi kangaka ukuthola i-Diphtheria Vaccine. Lapho abantu abaningi emphakathini bethola lo muthi wokugomela, ukusabalala kwalesi sifo cishe kuyaphela ngokuphelele. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Herd Immunity'.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugomela i-diphtheria ezikhona?
Umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria awunikezwa wodwa. Ngokuvamile unikezwa njengomjovo ohlanganisiwe ovikela ezinye izifo eziningana. Nakuba amagama asekhadini lokugomela lengane yakho angase abonakale eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, empeleni kulula kakhulu ukuwaqonda. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokugomela etholakalayo.
| Igama Lomuthi Wokugoma | Inikezwa bani? (Iqembu Eliqondiwe) | Izifo Ezivikelwe Kuzo |
|---|---|---|
| I-DTaP (isib. i-Daptacel®, i-Quadracel®, i-Vaxelis®) | Kwabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala | D - I-Diphtheria I-T - I-Tetanus aP - I-Pertussis/Ukukhwehlela Okubuhlungu |
| I-DT | Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala (uma zine-allergy emgomeni wokukhwehlela ovunguzayo) | D - I-Diphtheria I-T - I-Tetanus |
| I-Tdap (isb. Adacel®, Boostrix®) | Kwabantwana asebekhulile, intsha, kanye nabantu abadala | I-T - I-Tetanus d - I-Diphtheria ap - Ukukhwehlela okubi (i-Pertussis) (Lapha u-'d' no-'p' kusetshenziswa ngosonhlamvukazi abancane ukukhombisa ukuthi umthamo uphansi kubantu abadala) |
| I-Td (isib. i-Tenivac®) | Kwabantu abadala (njengomuthi wokugomela oqinisayo) | I-T - I-Tetanus d - I-Diphtheria |
Izwi mayelana ne-Tetanus kanye nokukhwehlela okubuhlungu
Njengoba ubona, njengayo yonke imijovo, lokhu kunikeza nesivikelo ekulweni nesimungumungwane kanye nokukhwehlela okubuhlungu.
- I-Tetanus yisifo esibi kakhulu esithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa olubangelwa amagciwane. Sonke siyazi ukuthi lesi sifo singabangelwa inxeba elivela entweni egqwalile.
- Ukukhwehlela Okukhulu (i-Pertussis) kuyisifo sokuphefumula esingaba yingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane. Kuyisimo esibangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
Iyini isimiso sokuthola umuthi wokugoma?
Lo mjovo kufanele unikezwe abantu abaneminyaka eyahlukene impilo yabo yonke. Unikezwa ngendlela ehlelekile ngaphansi koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma lwezwe lethu.
Kwabantwana abancane (umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP)
Izinsana ezincane zinikezwa inkambo ephelele yemithamo emi-5.
- Ezinyangeni ezimbili
- Ezinyangeni ezi-4
- Ezinyangeni ezi-6
- Phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-15 nezingu-18
- Phakathi kweminyaka engu-4 nengu-6 ubudala
Kwabantwana abadala kanye nabantu abasha
Umthamo wokuqinisa womuthi wokugomela i-Tdap unikezwa phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11 neyi-12. Lokhu kukhulisa amasosha omzimba atholakale emithini yokugomela yangaphambilini.
Kwabantu abadala
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu abadala bathole umjovo we-Td noma we-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 . Yingakho udokotela wakho ezokubuza ukuthi ugcine nini ukuthola umjovo wakho we-pertussis, ikakhulukazi uma ulimele.
Inothi elikhethekile komama abakhulelwe: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kunikeza umama amandla okuzivikela adluliselwa enganeni esibelethweni. Ngakho-ke, kuwusizo olukhulu ekuvikeleni ingane ezifweni ezinkulu njengokukhwehlela okukhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wokugoma?
O! Ungakhathazeki uma kwenzeka into efana naleyo. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yokugula noma ezinye izizathu, ungase ungakwazi ukugonywa ngosuku oluhleliwe.
- Uma ingane yakho iphuthelwe ukugonywa, bonana nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezingane ngokushesha okukhulu. Uzokwazi ukuhlela isimiso sengane yakho sokuthola ukugonywa okuphuthelwe.
- Uma uphuthelwe umjovo wakho wokukhulisa isisindo njengomuntu omdala, zikhumbuze ngakho ngesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wakho olandelayo bese uthola umjovo. Ungakuhlehlisi.
Ubani okufanele aqaphele ngaphambi kokugonywa?
Nakuba lo muthi wokugoma ngokuvamile uphephile kakhulu, kunezimo ezithile ezikhethekile lapho kungadingeka khona ukuhlehlisa noma ukugwema ukugoma. Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokugomela i-diphtheria ngaphambilini.
- Uma uke waba nobuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, noma umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-40.5 (ama-degree Fahrenheit angu-105) ngemva kokugonywa kwangaphambilini.
- Uma unesifo sesimiso sezinzwa njenge- Guillain-Barré syndrome (isimo esingavamile lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sihlasela khona imizwa).
- Uma unesifo sokuwa noma ezinye izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa.
- Uma une-allergy enkulu kunoma yisiphi isithako esikumgomo.
- Uma uhlushwa yisifo esifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ngosuku lokugonywa, udokotela uvame ukukutshela ukuthi uthole umuthi wokugoma ngemva kokuba usululame kulesi sifo.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yomuthi wokugoma?
Iningi labantu alibi nezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi emincane. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ngokuphelele phakathi namahora ambalwa noma usuku noma amabili.
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova: Lona umphumela ovame kakhulu.
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba
- Ukukhathala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla
- Umkhuhlane ophansi
- Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
Lezi yizimo ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, uma uba nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, ukulunywa okukhulu) noma umkhuhlane ophezulu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Ekugcineni, uma kukhulunywa ngokusebenza kahle komuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi le mijovo inikeza isivikelo esingaphezu kuka-95% ngokumelene ne-diphtheria iminyaka efinyelela kweyi-10. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuyindlela yokungenelela yezokwelapha ewusizo kakhulu sonke esinayo ukuze sivikele izimpilo zethu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Diphtheria iyigciwane eliyingozi elithinta umphimbo nekhala futhi lingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuzivikela kulesi sifo ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-diphtheria ngesikhathi esibekiwe.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho iqeda imithamo emi-5 yomjovo we-DTaP.
- Abantu abadala kufanele bathole umjovo we-Td noma we-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
- Omama abakhulelwe abathola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nabo bavikela umntwana osesiswini.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokugonywa, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo.
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