Ingabe une-allergy emithini ethile? Ake sixoxe nge-Sulfa Allergy!

Wake waba nokuqubuka ngemva kokuthatha umuthi? Noma waba nobunzima bokuphefumula? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nokugula kwemithi ethile ngaphandle kokwazi. I-Sulfa Allergy ingenye yezinkinga zokungezwani komzimba ezibonakala ngezinga elithile kubantu abaningi. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa , ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Sulfa Allergy? Kulula kakhulu!

Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa kuwukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi . Uma unalolu hlobo lokungezwani komzimba, ungase ube nokusabela okuhlukahlukene uma uthatha umuthi oqukethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-sulfa. Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukuqubuka noma amaqhubu . Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, njengokuvuvukala komphimbo noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi, kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha . Uma uhlangabezana nobunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Igama elithi "Sulfa" liyisifinyezo sesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-sulfonamides. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa kakhulu ama-antibiotic. Okusho ukuthi, imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izifo ingase ibe ne-sulfa. Imithi ye-sulfa isebenza ngokumisa ukukhiqizwa kwento edingwa amabhaktheriya ukuze akhule futhi azalane. Lawa ma-sulfonamides atholakala ngesimo samaphilisi omlomo, ama-capsule, futhi ngezinye izikhathi njengama-creams angaphandle noma amaconsi amehlo.

Uma usuwazi ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema ukuthatha imithi ye-sulfa . Njalo uma uya kudokotela, kufanele utshele odokotela bakho nganoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba nemithi onayo. Bangakubhala phansi kurekhodi lakho lezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zemithi equkethe i-sulfa?

Isithako se-sulfa sitholakala kwamanye ama-antibiotic asetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo ezilandelayo:

• Izifo zokusha
• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo
• Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs)
• Ukutheleleka kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane (i-Vaginitis)
• I-Cystitis
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (IBD)
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Isifo sikaCrohn
• I-ulcerative colitis
• Uchoko
• Izifo zesikhumba (i-Dermatitis)
• Inyumoniya

Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ze-sulfonamides yilezi:

• I-Mafenide
• I-Sulfacetamide
• I-Sulfadiazine
• I-Sulfadoxine
• I-Sulfamethizole
• I-Sulfanilamide
• I-Sulfasalazine
• I-Sulfisoxazole
• I-Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim - Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile lokhu ngaphansi kwamagama emikhiqizo afana ne-`(Bactrim™)` noma `(Sulfatrim™)`.
• I-Dapsone

Kulezi, umuthi i- sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim yiwona abantu abaningi abangezwani nawo.

Eminye imithi engeyona imithi elwa namagciwane kodwa engaba ne-sulfa

Eminye imithi engeyona imithi elwa namagciwane ingase ibe nama-sulfonamides. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Imithi ehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, isibonelo, i-Glyburide ne-Glimepiride.
• Amanye ama-NSAID (izidakamizwa ezingezona eze-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala), isibonelo, i-celecoxib (igama lomkhiqizo i-Celebrex®).
• Eminye imithi ebangela ukuchama ngokweqile (i-Diuretics - ebizwa nangokuthi amaphilisi amanzi).
• I-Sumatriptan umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ikhanda elibuhlungu elibangelwa yi-migraine.

Kuvame kangakanani ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa?

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti ayisithupha (6%) abantu abasebenzisa imithi ye-sulfa babhekana nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, nakuba kungavamile njengoba ungase ucabange, lesi simo sithinta inani elikhulu labantu.

Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa?

Umuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba nemithi ye-sulfa angabonisa izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Isikhumba esilumayo
• Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma ukuqubuka okufana ne-eczema
• Amabala abomvu noma ukuqubuka esikhumbeni (ama-Hives)
• Ukuzwela kwelanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umonakalo esikhumbeni sakho ungaba mubi kakhulu ngokuchayeka elangeni.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, izinyawo, umlomo kanye nolimi.
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, noma uhudo.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .

Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu, kodwa ezingavamile :

• Ubunzima bokugwinya.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Umkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Isikhumba siyaqhuma futhi siyaxebuka.

Abanye abantu bangaba nokusabela okungavamile kodwa okubi kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ukwazi, ukwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba, ngisho nokufa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu futhi.

Enye inkinga enkulu, kodwa engavamile yilenaIzimo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Stevens-Johnson syndrome kanye ne -Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) . Lezi zingabangela ukuqubuka nokuqhekeka kwesikhumba sakho, ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho, noma ezithweni zangasese. Lezi zimbi kakhulu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa?

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abane-HIV/AIDS basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukusabela kokungezwani nemithi ye-sulfa. Futhi, abantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka bangase babe sengozini enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abanesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) bangaba nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hemolytic anemia ngenxa yemithi ye-sulfa.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginesifo sokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa?

Odokotela ngokuvamile abasebenzisi izivivinyo ezithile ukuze bathole ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo mayelana nemithi oyithathile futhi abukeze izimpawu zakho ukuze abone ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa kuyimbangela.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha, isiguli singanikwa inani elincane lomuthi we-sulfa futhi kuhlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwenselele yemithi yomlomo . Kodwa-ke, odokotela abaningi bayanqikaza ukwenza lokhu ngoba kungabangela ukusabela okukhulu kwe-allergy.

Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa, cishe uzofuna omunye umuthi wokwelapha isimo sakho. Kodwa-ke, uma kufanele uthathe umuthi we-sulfa, udokotela wakho angase akuncomele ukwelashwa kokunciphisa ukusabela komzimba . Lokhu kujwayela kancane kancane umzimba wakho umuthi, kunciphisa ubukhali bokusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Nakuba lokhu kungase kukuvumele ukuthi uthathe imithi ye-sulfa isikhathi esifushane, ngeke kuphulukise noma kuqede ngokuphelele ukungezwani komzimba kwakho.

Ilashwa kanjani i-sulfa allergy?

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukugwema ukuthatha imithi ye-sulfa . Njengoba wazi kuphela ukuthi une-allergy emuthini ngemva kokuwusebenzisa, ayikho indlela yokwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi umzimba wakho uzosabela kanjani kuwo.

Uma unezinkinga ezincane zokungezwani komzimba, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uthathe ama-antihistamine noma ama-corticosteroids kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho ziphela. Uma unezinkinga ezinkulu, ungadinga umjovo we-epinephrine (njenge-EpiPen®) .

Nakuba abantu abaningi besabela kancane noma ngokulinganiselwe ekuzweleni yi-sulfa, abanye abantu bangaba nezimpawu ezisongela ukuphila, njengobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nama-blister abuhlungu esikhumbeni, emlonyeni, noma ezithweni zangasese. Uma lezi zimpawu zivela,Kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Ingabe ikhona eminye imithi okufanele ngiyiqaphele?

Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nama-sulfonamides noma yimuphi omunye umuthi, tshela udokotela wakho. Bazokutshela nokuthi kukhona yini eminye imithi okufanele uyigweme.

Ingabe ukungezwani nemithi kungavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukungezwani nemithi. Okuwukuphela kwento ongayenza ukugwema ukusebenzisa lowo muthi esikhathini esizayo . Udokotela wakho kanye nekhemisi ogcwalisa kulo umuthi wakho kufanele baqaphele ukungezwani nemithi yakho. Abanye abantu bagqoka isongo sezokwelapha esithi banesifo sokungezwani ne-sulfa, noma bagcine ikhadi esikhwameni noma ocingweni lwabo. Lokhu kungaba usizo kakhulu uma ungakwazi ukuxhumana nabantu esimweni esiphuthumayo.

Ngingayibona nini udokotela?

Tshela udokotela wakho njalo nganoma yikuphi ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba noma imiphumela emibi oyitholayo ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi. Bangakutusa umuthi ofaneleka kangcono kuwe esikhathini esizayo. Kungasiza futhi ekugwemeni ukukunikeza imithi ongase ube nokwaliwa yiyo.

Ingabe i-Amoxicillin nayo iyisidakamizwa se-sulfa?

Cha, i-Amoxicillin ayisona isidakamizwa se-sulfa. Iwuhlobo lwe-penicillin. Ukungezwani ne-penicillin nakho kuvamile.

Ingabe i-Prednisone iyisidakamizwa se-sulfa?

Cha, i-Prednisone iyisidakamizwa esingaphansi kwesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids.

Ingabe ama-sulfite nawo ayi-sulfa?

Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abadideka ngayo. Ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa kanye nokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfite kuyizinto ezimbili ezahlukene. Ama-sulfite atholakala kakhulu ekudleni njengezinto zokugcina ezivimbela ukuthi angashintshi umbala. Nakuba amagama afana, lokhu kungezwani komzimba okubili akuhlobene.

Ukungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho uba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba ekilasini lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-sulfonamides, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Ekugcineni, khumbula...

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokungezwani komzimba ne-sulfa amaqhubu, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, kanye nokuzwela ukukhanya kwelanga. Uma uthola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi wokutheleleka, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho . Ngemuva kwalokho, uma kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ezibangela izimpawu ezifanayo, ungazithatha.

Kungaba yinto esabekayo ukuthola ukuthi une-allergy yezidakamizwa. Kodwa-ke, ukutshela bonke odokotela bakho ngakho kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kokunye ukusabela kwe-allergy . Hlala uphilile!

'Ukungezwani ne-sulfa, ama-sulfonamides, ukungezwani nezidakamizwa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ama-hives, ama-antibiotic, ukungezwani nemithi