Uma utshelwa ukuthi une-cholesterol ephezulu, udokotela wakho cishe uzokuqala umuthi we-statin. Yileyo ndlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu esiyaziyo. Kodwa isayensi yezokwelapha iyathuthuka usuku nosuku. Namuhla ngizokutshela ngezinye zezindlela zokwelapha zakamuva nezithuthuke kakhulu eziye zafika futhi ezizolawula i-cholesterol. Lokhu kufana nekusasa lezokwelapha.
Izinto ezintathu okudingeka uzazi nge-cholesterol kuqala
Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume ngemithi emisha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula lezi zinto ezintathu mayelana ne-cholesterol.
1. I-cholesterol iyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo: Amangqamuzana emizimba yethu adinga i-cholesterol ethile. Kodwa uma ikhula kakhulu, ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Le cholesterol eningi inganqwabelana emithanjeni yethu yegazi (i-plaque), engayivimba. Lena imbangela eyinhloko yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
2. Kukhona ukwelashwa kwalokhu: Ngisho noma i-cholesterol ibekwe emithanjeni yakho yegazi, kunemithi ephumelelayo namuhla engayinciphisa futhi iyilawule.
3. Lokhu kwelashwa kuphephile: Le mithi iphephile futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nemiphumela emibi emincane, kodwa ingalawulwa ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ngakho ungakhathazeki.
Imithi emisha edlula ama-statin
Ama-statin ayisisekelo sokwelashwa kwe-cholesterol, kodwa manje sekukhona imithi ethuthukisiwe etholakalayo. Ake sibheke embalwa yayo.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Ukusebenza okulula namaphuzu abalulekile |
|---|---|
| I-Ezetimibe (Zetia) | Lona umuthi onikezwa kanye nama-statin. Manje awubizi kakhulu. Uwusizo ikakhulukazi kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-75. Lesi yisisombululo esihle kulabo abanobunzima bokulawula amazinga abo e-cholesterol ngama-statin kuphela. |
| Ama-PCSK9 Inhibitors | Lokhu kuyisishintshi sangempela. Lezi uhlobo lwama-antibodies e-monoclonal anikezwa njengomjovo. Kalula nje, i-cholesterol 'embi' emizimbeni yethu, okungukuthiI-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) idinga ukuya esibindini ukuze ihlanzwe. Kodwa iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-PCSK9 iphazamisa ukuhlanzwa kwale LDL. Lo muthi uvimba leyo phrotheni ye-PCSK9. Ngemuva kwalokho isibindi singahlanza futhi sisuse i-cholesterol ye-LDL ngokushesha okukhulu. |
| Inclisiran (Leqvio) | Lokhu kufana 'nomjovo' we-cholesterol. Kungumjovo onikezwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6. Kuthinta i-molecule ebizwa ngokuthi i-RNA , ephethe ulwazi kuma-gene ethu, futhi inciphise ukukhiqizwa kweprotheni ye-PCSK9 okukhulunywe ngayo ekuqaleni. Lokho kusho ukuthi kuyindlela yokwelapha eqondiswe kakhulu. |
| I-Bempedoic Acid | Lokhu kufana nama-statin, kodwa kuthinta ingxenye ehlukile yenqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol. Akubangeli ubuhlungu bemisipha (i-myalgia) obuvela kuma-statin. Kodwa-ke, kungandisa amazinga e-uric acid futhi kukhuphule kubantu abane-gout. Kukhona futhi inkulumo ngengozi yokuqhekeka kwemisipha. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho njalo lapho usebenzisa lo muthi. |
| I-Vascepa (Amafutha Enhlanzi Ahlanziwe) | Leli akulona iphilisi lakho elijwayelekile lamafutha enhlanzi elivela ekhemisi. Leli amafutha enhlanzi akhethekile anikezwa udokotela. Aqukethe i-EPA ehlanziwe kuphela. Uma uthatha ama-statin kodwa amazinga akho e-triglyceride esephezulu, lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yakho yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi. |
I-cholesterol evela ku-genes (Familial Hypercholesterolemia)
Kukhona abanye abantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi badla futhi bavivinya umzimba kangakanani, abanamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Isizathu salokhu yisimo esivela ezizakhini zabo zofuzo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) . Kulaba bantu, kunzima ukulawula i-cholesterol yabo ngokwelashwa okujwayelekile.
"Kungani kufanele ngihlale ngisola i-cholesterol yami?" Yilokho iziguli zami ezine-FH ezikubuza njalo. Kudingeka siqonde ukuthi lokhu akulona iphutha lazo, kuyisimo sofuzo.
Cabanga ukuthi imithi emisha efana ne-'PCSK9 Inhibitors' ibaluleke kangakanani kubantu abanjalo. Ngenxa yaleyo mithi, okokuqala ngqa emlandweni, abantu abane-FH banenketho yokwelashwa ephumelelayo.
Okunye okwengeziwe mayelana 'nomjovo we-cholesterol'
Nakuba abanye abantu bengase bathande umqondo wokuthatha i-Inclisiran njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, abanye bangase besabe. "Ingabe ngizoba kulo muthi izinyanga eziyisithupha? Futhi uma nginemiphumela emibi, ingabe izohlala izinyanga eziyisithupha?" Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza imibuzo efana nale. Xoxa nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba onakho nodokotela wakho nganoma yimuphi umuthi owuthathayo. Kuyilungelo lakho.
Ukwelapha kuphela akwanele! Indlela yokuphila iyisihluthulelo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikhuluma kangakanani ngezokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe, kukhona into eyodwa okungafanele uyikhohlwe. Futhi leyo yindlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Ukudla: Kubalulekile ukudla ukudla okwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-oats, ibhali, amantongomane, imifino, izithelo), futhi ugweme ukudla okucutshunguliwe, njengesoseji, ama-meatball, njll. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukudla okungu-58% esikudlayo kucutshungulwe kakhulu.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke akugcini nje ngokulawula i-cholesterol, kodwa futhi nomzimba wonke.
- Ukubhema notshwala: Ukugwema ngokuphelele lezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yenhliziyo.
Cabanga nje, noma ngabe uphuza imithi futhi wehlisa inani le-cholesterol yakho, uma uqhubeka nokudla ukudla okungenampilo futhi ungawuvivinyi umzimba, ingozi yakho yokuba nesifo senhliziyo ngeke yehle kangako.
Iphilisi alisoze lathatha indawo yendlela yokuphila enempilo. Lokhu kokubili kudingeka kuhambisane.
Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo, uke waba nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma uke wafakwa i-stent, awunaso isikhathi sokulinda. Udinga ukuqala ukuthatha imithi yakho ngokushesha, njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalile. Udinga futhi ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-cholesterol iyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo neziphephile zaso.
- Ngaphezu kwama-statin, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe neziqondiswe ngqo njengezithibi ze-PCSK9 kanye ne-Inclisiran.
- Uma unesifo se-cholesterol esibangelwa ufuzo (FH), lo muthi omusha ungaba impumuzo enkulu kuwe.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemithi oyiphuzayo, qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngayo nodokotela wakho.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuthi muhle kangakanani, awukwazi ukulawula i-cholesterol yakho ngaphandle kwendlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba). Imithi iwukusekela nje, isisekelo kufanele sibe yindlela yakho yokuphila.
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