Ingabe ingane yakho encane inenkinga yokwenza imisebenzi ethile? Ake sixoxe nge-dyspraxia!

Ingabe ingane yakho ngezinye izikhathi iziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kunezinye izingane? Isibonelo, uke waphawula ukuthi inenkinga yokubamba ithoyizi kahle, ukubopha izinkinobho zehembe layo, noma ukugijima idlala? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala ingemuva kwabanye ekwenzeni ngisho nemisebenzi emincane kakhulu? Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dyspraxia, noma i-Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangendlela elula kakhulu namuhla.

Kuyini i-Dyspraxia? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, i-dyspraxia yisimo esiqala ebuntwaneni futhi siqhubeke. Ngokuyinhloko sihilela ingane enenkinga yokuxhumanisa ukunyakaza kwayo komzimba . Lokhu kusho ukuthi inenkinga yokuhambisa izingalo nemilenze ngendlela efanele ukuze yenze imisebenzi, ibambe izinto, futhi ilondoloze ibhalansi.

Cabanga ngakho, ezinye izingane zikuthola kunzima ukugibela ibhayisikili, ukubamba ibhola, noma ukudlala imidlalo, akunjalo? Futhi, ezinye izingane zingase zibe nesikhathi esinzima sokubhala, ukudweba, ukufaka izinkinobho zehembe, noma ukubopha izintambo zezicathulo kunezinye. Lezi zinkinga zingathinta ingane ngayinye ngendlela ehlukile. Kwabanye, lezi zimpawu zingase zibonakale zisencane, kanti kwabanye, lokhu kungase kungabonakali kuze kube yilapho ingane isikhulile kancane.

Odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Dyspraxia noma i-Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), njengesifo sokunyakaza esihlobene nokuthuthukiswa kwesimiso sezinzwa. Ngokusho kohlelo lwakamuva lwe-American Psychiatric Association lwezifo zengqondo, i-DSM-5, sichazwa kanjalo. Ngaphambilini, abanye baye basibiza ngokuthi ukukhubazeka kokufunda.

Igama elithi "dyspraxia" lisetshenziswa nakwabantu abadala. Kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga eqala ebuntwaneni. Ngezinye izikhathi, ubunzima bokunyakaza buyakhula kamuva ngenxa yomonakalo ebuchosheni, njengokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi noma ukulimala kobuchopho, futhi odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi "i-acquired dyspraxia."

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Dyspraxia ne-Apraxia?

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa amagama athi 'apraxia' kanye nelithi 'dyspraxia' ngokushintshana, kodwa kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalokhu okubili. I-Apraxia imvamisa iyisimo esibi kakhulu kune-dyspraxia.

Cabanga nje, lapho umuntu one-apraxia ecelwa ukuba enze okuthile, yize ekuqonda futhi efuna ukukwenza, akakwazi nhlobo ukukwenza. Okusho ukuthi, uselahlekelwe ngokuphelele yikhono lokwenza ukunyakaza.

Kodwa, okwenzekayo nge-Dyspraxia ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani ukwenza okuthile, akusebenzi.Kumane nje kunzima ukukwenza kahle, ngokunembile, nangendlela ehlelekile. Akuyona into engenakwenzeka ngokuphelele, kodwa kunzima kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile umsebenzi uyaphazamiseka.

I-Apraxia nayo inezinhlobo ezahlukene. Isibonelo, i-Childhood Apraxia of Speech, ethinta ukukhuluma, i-Limb-kinetic Apraxia, ethinta ikhono lokwenza ukunyakaza okuhle kwengalo, umunwe, noma umlenze, kanye ne-Constructional Apraxia, ethinta ikhono lokudweba noma ukukopisha imidwebo elula.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yi-dyspraxia? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-dyspraxia, noma i-developmental coordination disorder (DCD) , ziqala ebuntwaneni, ngesikhathi sokukhula. Njengoba kuyisimo esingapheli, lezi zinkinga zingaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala.

Ngokwezibalo, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane .

Ingane yakho ingaba sengozini ye-dyspraxia uma inanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma ingane izelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi , okusho ukuthi ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37, le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu ezinganeni ezizelwe ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-32.
• Uma umntwana ezelwe enesisindo esiphansi kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-1.8 kg, noma amakhilogremu angu-4).
• Uma othile emndenini enalesi sifo sokuxhumana kwentuthuko (i-DCD).

Ngokuvamile, kuthiwa cishe izingane eziyisithupha kweziyi-100 ezifunda esikoleni zingase zibe nalesi simo, ngakho-ke akuyona into engavamile kangako.

Yiziphi izimpawu zengane ene-dyspraxia? Uyibona kanjani?

I-Dyspraxia ingabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene ngokuxhumana kanye namakhono okunyakaza komzimba. Nakuba izingane eziningi zibonisa lezi zimpawu ngesikhathi ziqala isikole, ezinye izingane zingase zingabi naso isimo esibi njengezinye, okwenza kube nzima ukuqaphela.

Izici zezinsana ezincane nezingane ezincane (ubuncane kanye nobudala bezingane zasenkulisa)

Ukwephuza kokukhula kwengane ekwenzeni izinto ezithile sekwephuzile kunalokho obekulindelekile kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwe-dyspraxia ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane. Isibonelo:

• Kuthatha isikhathi eside kunezinye izingane ukufunda izinto ezifana nokukhasa, ukugingqika, ukuhlala, ukuma nokuhamba.

Futhi, ungabona izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Kuba nzima ukudlala ngamathoyizi adinga ukuhlanganiswa okuhle, njengokuqoqa izinkomishi noma ukuhlanganisa amabhlogo.
• Kunzima kancane ukufunda ukudla ngezitsha, kanye nokuchitheka kokudla.

Izici zezingane ezindala kancane (iminyaka yesikole)

Izimpawu ze-dyspraxia ezinganeni ezindala zingafaka:

• Kunzima ukukhuphuka nokwehla izitebhisi.
• Kunzima ukulondoloza ibhalansi.- Ngokuvamile ushayisana nezinto, awe phansi, futhi abonakale "engahlelekile" kancane.
• Ubunzima ngezemidlalo nemisebenzi yangaphandle: Izingane zibuthakathaka kunezinye izingane ezintweni ezifana nokugibela ibhayisikili, ukugxuma, ukubamba ibhola, ukuliphonsa, nokuyikhahlela. Lobu bunzima bungase bubenze bangabaze ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini enjalo. Isibonelo, ingabe ingane yakho ima kancane eceleni ngenkathi ezinye izingane zigijima futhi zidlala enkundleni yokudlala esikoleni? Ingabe iyawa ngokushesha lapho igijima, noma ingabe inenkinga yokubamba ibhola?
• Babonisa ubuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abantwana abangontanga yabo emisebenzini efana nokubhala, ukudweba, ukufaka imibala, nokusika ngesikele . Banobunzima bokubhala izincwadi kahle futhi babhale kancane.
• Imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokugqoka, ukubhanqa izinkinobho, ukuxubha amazinyo, nokubopha izintambo zezicathulo wedwa inzima futhi ithatha isikhathi eside.
• Ubunzima bokuhlala endaweni eyodwa, ukuthuthumela njalo kwezitho (ukungaphumuli).

Ukuzama ukwenza lokhu kungaba yinto ecasulayo kakhulu enganeni. Bangase bacabange, "Kungani ngingakwazi ukwenza lokhu nje?"

Okubalulekile: Ngenxa yokungakhululeki nokukhungatheka kokwenza lolu hlobo lomsebenzi, bangase banqikaze kancane ukuzivocavoca nokudlala. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kunengozi yokukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .

Yini ebangela i-dyspraxia?

Ukuhlanganisa ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu kahle nokwenza umsebenzi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kuhilela izingxenye eziningi ezahlukene zobuchopho bethu kanye nezinzwa. Uma kunenkinga ndawana thize kule nqubo, kungaba nobunzima bokunyakaza kanye nokuxhumana, noma i-dyspraxia.

Abacwaningi abakakwazi ukuthola imbangela eqondile ye-dyspraxia. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa kuye kwabonakala njengezici ezimbili ezinkulu ezandisa ingozi yengane yokuthola i-dyspraxia.

Lesi simo se-dyspraxia sitholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Nakuba izimpawu ze-dyspraxia, noma i-developmental coordination disorder (DCD), zivela zisencane, zingase ziphuthelwe kalula. Ngenxa yokuthi izingane zikhula ngamazinga ahlukene, i-DCD ngokuvamile ayitholakali kuze kube yilapho ineminyaka engaba ngu-5.

Ukuxilonga i-dyspraxia kudinga ithimba lochwepheshe . Leli thimba lingafaka:

• Udokotela wezingane
• Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha Emsebenzini noma Uchwepheshe Wezokwelapha Ezomzimba
• Isazi Sengqondo Sezingane
• Udokotela Wezinzwa Wezingane

Okwamanje akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuqondile noma ukuskena okuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kuyi-dyspraxia. Esikhundleni salokho, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokubuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nomlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho, intuthuko, kanye nezimpawu zayo. Bazohlola amakhono okunyakaza kwengane yakho, ukuhlangana kwayo, kanye nokulinganisela kwayo. Bazohlola nokuthi amakhono engqondo engane yakho asezingeni elifanele yini iminyaka yayo.

Odokotela baphinde bafune ezinye izimbangela zobunzima bokunyakaza kwengane. Isibonelo, badinga ukunquma ukuthi ubunzima bubangelwa yini ezinye izimo zemizwa noma ezihlobene nemisipha, njenge-cerebral palsy noma i-muscular dystrophy.

Ukuze kutholakale ingane ene-dyspraxia, noma i-developmental coordination disorder (DCD), zonke lezi zimpawu ezine kumele zibe khona:

1. Amakhono okunyakaza kwengane kumele abe ngaphansi kakhulu kwezinga elilindelekile ngokweminyaka yayo .

2. Lokhu kuntuleka kwamakhono okunyakaza komzimba kanye nokuxhumana kufanele kuthinte imisebenzi yansuku zonke yengane kanye nomsebenzi wesikole .

3. Izimpawu ze-dyspraxia kumele ukuthi zaqala ekuqaleni kokukhula kwengane .

4. Lezi zinkinga zokunyakaza akumelwe zichazwe esinye isimo sezokwelapha .

Iphathwa kanjani i-dyspraxia? Ungasiphatha kanjani lesi simo?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho ikhambi le-dyspraxia, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Kodwa-ke, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezingasiza izingane kanye nabantu abadala ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo okunyakaza kanye nokuxhumana. Ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba yizona eziyinhloko.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-dyspraxia ithinta ingane ngayinye ngendlela ehlukile, kungcono ukuhlela uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokwehlukile kwengane. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuphatheni ubunzima bomzimba wengane ngenkathi futhi kwakha ukuzethemba kwayo.

Enye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa odokotela ukusiza izingane ezine-dyspraxia ukungenelela okugxile emisebenzini . Kulokhu, isazi sezokwelapha emsebenzini sisebenza nengane ukuthola imisebenzi ethile enzima enganeni futhi siyisize ithole izindlela zokwenza leyo misebenzi kalula.

Isibonelo, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha emsebenzini angase ahlukanise umsebenzi onzima ube yizinyathelo ezincane. Bese, bezijwayeza ngasinye salezo zinyathelo ngokwehlukana, bese bezihlanganisa ukuze baqedele umsebenzi. Lokhu kufana nokuphula iphazili enkulu ibe yizicucu ezincane, basebenzele ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana, bese beyihlanganisa yonke.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukulungisa imisebenzi kancane, zingenziwa futhi kube lula ukuzenza. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa izibambo ezikhethekile ukwenza amapeni namapensela kube lula ukuwabamba, ukukhetha izingubo ezinezinkinobho ezinkulu, njll.

Uma ingane yami ine-dyspraxia, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi akuzona zonke izingane ezine-dyspraxia ezifanayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi kuthinta wonke umuntu ngendlela ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi kahle ukuthi ingane yakho izothinteka kanjani yilesi simo ukukhuluma nodokotela kanye nabelaphi abangochwepheshe ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni i-dyspraxia.

Kunezinye izimo eziningana ezingaba khona kanye noma zibe nezimpawu ezifanayo neze-dyspraxia. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Isifo Sokungakwazi Ukunaka Okungapheli (ADHD): Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezine-dyspraxia nazo zingaba ne-ADHD .
• Ubunzima bolimi: Ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukuveza imibono, nokuqonda ulimi.
• I-Dysgraphia: Ubunzima obuthile ngokubhala.
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo: Isibonelo, ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka.
• Isifo se-Autism Spectrum.

Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu zezinye izimo ezifana nalezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile nokuthola ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Ngingayinakekela kanjani ingane yami ene-dyspraxia? Yini engingayenza?

Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza njengomzali ukuba ummeli wengane yakho. Lokho kusho ukuqonda izinselele ingane yakho ebhekene nazo nokumazisa ukuthi uyayisekela ekhaya, esikoleni, nanjengoba ikhula.

Uma ingane yakho idinga ukwesekwa okukhethekile kwezemfundo esikoleni, ungasebenzisana nochwepheshe abafanele ukuthuthukisa Uhlelo Lwemfundo Yomuntu Ngamunye (i-IEP) oluqondene nengane yakho . Lokhu kuzosiza ingane yakho ngomsebenzi wesikole.

Ingane yami kufanele imbone nini udokotela mayelana ne-dyspraxia?

Ingane ene-dyspraxia ingadinga ukwesekwa okuthile kukho konke ukuphila kwayo ukuze inqobe ubunzima ngamakhono okunyakaza komzimba kanye nokuxhumana. Uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga ngomsebenzi omusha wokunyakaza komzimba, isibonelo, lapho iqala ukubhala noma ifunda ukushayela imoto, khuluma nodokotela wayo kanye/noma nochwepheshe wezokwelapha emsebenzini.

Lezi zingane zingakhungatheka kakhulu uma ziqonda ukuthi kufanele zenze kanjani okuthile, njengokukhahlela ibhola, kodwa zingakwazi ukukwenza ngendlela efanele.Ngakho-ke, ukuphatha isimo sengane yakho kungaba inqubo yesikhathi eside . Ukusekela kwakho nesikhuthazo sakho kubaluleke kakhulu emizamweni yabo yansuku zonke yokuthuthukisa amakhono abo okunyakaza komzimba. Bancome lapho bebonisa ngisho nokuthuthuka okuncane kakhulu.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

• I-Dyspraxia akuyona nje ubuvila bengane noma ubuwula nje. Yisimo sempilo sangempela.
• Ukuhlonza kusenesikhathi kanye nokuhlinzekwa kokusekelwa okudingekayo kanye nokwelashwa kusiza kakhulu ekusizeni ingane ukuthi ibhekane ngempumelelo nalezi zinselele.
• Ngosizo olufanele kanye nesikhuthazo, izingane ezine-dyspraxia zingabhekana nobunzima bazo futhi ziphile impilo ejabulisayo nephumelelayo.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesineke, ukuqonda, nokusekela ingane yakho. Ingane ngayinye ihlukile, futhi uhambo lwawo wonke umuntu luhlukile. Uthando lwakho nokusekela kwakho kuzoba amandla amakhulu kuyo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungabi namahloni ubuze udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha.

I- Dyspraxia, Ukuphazamiseka Kokuhlela Intuthuko, Amakhono Okunyakaza, Intuthuko Yengane, Ukwelashwa Kwemisebenzi, Ukwelashwa Komzimba, Ubunzima Bokufunda