Uke waba nengozi ngendlebe yakho? (Ukulimala Kwendlebe Nokulimala) Masiqaphele lokhu!

Izindlebe zethu zinozwela kakhulu futhi zibalulekile kakhulu, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nento encane ingalimaza izindlebe zethu ngaphandle kokucabanga ngayo. Ezinye izingozi zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngezingozi ezenzeka ezindlebeni, okungukuthi, `(Ukulimala Kwendlebe Nokulimala)`. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani uma into efana nale ikwehlela wena noma othile emndenini wakho.

Hlobo luni lomonakalo olungenziwa endlebeni?

Kalula nje, indlebe yethu ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu: indlebe yangaphandle (ingxenye esingayibona, ipayipi eliya emgudwini wendlebe), indlebe ephakathi (isikhala esincane ngemuva kwe-eardrum), kanye nendlebe yangaphakathi (uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwamapayipi angaphakathi kwekhanda). Noma iyiphi yalezi zingxenye ingaba sengozini.

Isibonelo, ukushaywa kanzima ekhanda kungalimaza indlebe ephakathi nengaphakathi. Futhi, imisindo emikhulu, izinguquko ezisheshayo ekucindezelweni komoya (okubizwa nangokuthi `(Barotrauma)`, njengalapho undiza endizeni), noma umzimba wangaphandle (fremdkörper) nakho kungabangela umonakalo endlebeni.

Izinhlobo zokulimala endlebeni

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokulimala endlebeni. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.

Izingozi endlebeni

Lokhu kuwumonakalo endlebeni kanye nendawo ezungeze umsele wendlebe esingayibona.

• `Ukuhlubuka` (ukuhlukana kwendlebe): Lokhu kungathi sína kakhulu. Cabanga, engozini enkulu, njengokulwa, ingxenye yendlebe ingahlukana ngokuphelele noma kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi `(Ukuhlinzwa Kobuhle)`, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki, kuyadingeka ngisho nokulungisa lokhu.
• `Indlebe ye-Cauliflower`: Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona abanye abadlali be-rugby kanye nabadlali be-boxer benama-earlobe abo evuvukele kancane, njenge-cauliflower. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(indlebe ye-Cauliflower)`. Uma indlebe ishaywa kanzima, igazi liqoqana ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-earlobe, livimbe igazi ukuthi lingagelezi liye ku-cartilage. Bese i-cartilage iyafa, okuyikho okubangela ukuthi indlebe ishintshe ngaleyo ndlela.
• Ukusikeka nokuklwebheka: Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukulimala okuncane. Ngezinye izikhathi kungabangelwa ukuklwebheka endlebeni yakho ngozipho noma ingozi encane. Kodwa-ke, ukusikeka okujulile kungadinga ukuthungwa noma kungaholela ngisho nasekuthelelekeni.

Izingozi endlebeni ephakathi nengaphakathi

Lokhu kungathi sína kancane, njengoba kungathinta ngisho nokuzwa.

• Ukuphuka: Engozini enkulu, amathambo amancane endlebeni ephakathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-ossicles angaphuka noma aphume endaweni yawo. Lawa mathambo asisiza ukuzwa. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kulimala kuhambisana nokunye ukuphuka okukhulu emhlathini noma ebusweni. Lokhu kungadinga ukuhlinzwa.
• I-eardrum ephukile: Umsindo omkhulu ongazelelwe, ukushaywa kanzima endlebeni, noma into enamathele endlebeni kungabangela ukuthi i-eardrum iphuke. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyaphola ngokwako. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe.

Ziyini izimpawu zokulimala kwendlebe?

Uma indlebe yakho yonakele, ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:

• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, ukungakwazi ukuma kahle (Izinkinga zokulinganisela)
• Isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe
• Ukopha endlebeni
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuphelele
• Ubomvu noma ukuphuma kwegazi endlebeni
• Ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukuzwa imisindo ehlukene `(Tinnitus)`

Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Ezinye izilonda zendlebe zimbi kakhulu futhi zingaba yingozi empilweni.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokulimala kwendlebe?

Kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi kungani izindlebe zingalimala. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko:

• Izingozi: Ukuwa, izingozi zezimoto, kanye nokulimala ngesikhathi udlala imidlalo (isibonelo, ukushaywa ibhola lekhilikithi) kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwendlebe.
• Izinguquko zokucindezela: Izinguquko ezingazelelwe zokucindezela endlebeni, njengalapho ubhukuda nge-scuba noma undiza, zingabangela ukuthi i-eardrum iqhume. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-barotrauma.
• Ukufaka izinto zangaphandle endlebeni: Abanye abantu bazama ukuhlanza izindlebe zabo ngokufaka ama-cotton swab, ama-pen tips, noma ama-hairpin ezindlebeni zabo. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu! Lokhu kungalimaza umsele wendlebe, kuphule amathambo amancane ngaphakathi kwendlebe, noma kudabule ngisho ne-eardrum.
• Umsindo omkhulu: Umsindo omkhulu ongazelelwe, njengokuqhuma kwesibhamu, ukuqhuma kwebhomu, noma amakhonsathi omculo aphezulu, kungaphula i-eardrum. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisindweni ephezulu nakho kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa unomphela.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yokulimala endlebeni?

Ukulimala okukhulu kwendlebe kanye nokulimala ekhanda kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa:

• `Ukuvuza koketshezi lomgogodla (CSF)`: Lokhu ukuvuza koketshezi olucacile oluzungeze ubuchopho olubizwa ngokuthi `uketshezi lomgogodla` oluphuma endlebeni. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukuphuka kwesisekelo sogebhezi noma sogebhezi. Lokhu kungaholela ku-`Meningitis` (ukutheleleka okukhulu kobuchopho, okufana ne-meningitis).
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela okuqhubekayo kanye ne-vertigo: Abanye abantu bangase babe nesiyezi esiqhubekayo kanye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso: Ngemva kokulimala okukhulu ekhanda, imisipha kanye nemizwa yobuso kungalimaza, okuholela ekukhubazekeni kolunye uhlangothi lobuso.
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa unomphela: Ezinye izingozi zingabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa unomphela.
• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile: Amabhaktheriya angangena nge-eardrum ephukile futhi abangele ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuvamile.

Uthola kanjani udokotela wezinkinga zendlebe?

Uma unenkinga yendlebe, udokotela uzoqala akubuze ngezimpawu zakho bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba.

• I-otoscope (ithuluzi elikhethekile elinokukhanya) noma i-microscope isetshenziswa ukubheka ngaphakathi kwendlebe. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izinto zangaphandle, izifo, noma umonakalo ku-eardrum.
• Kuye ngohlobo lwengozi, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, okufana ne-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), kungenziwa ukuze kubhekwe indlebe yangaphakathi.
• Ungase futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kokuzwa (i-Audiogram) ukuze uhlole ukuzwa kwakho.

Ukwelapha kanjani ukulimala kwendlebe?

Izindlela zokwelapha zinqunywa indawo yengozi, ubukhulu bengozi, kanye nembangela yengozi.

• Udokotela wakho angakunika ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka noma ukwelapha ukutheleleka okukhona kakade.
• Ukopha: Uma igazi liqoqene endlebeni (ukuvimbela indlebe ethi 'cauliflower'), udokotela uzokwenza ukusika okuncane bese ekhipha igazi. Ibhandeji elikhethekile lizobe selifakwa izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• `I-Ossiculoplasty`: Lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokulungisa umonakalo emathanjeni amancane (ama-ossicles) angaphakathi kwendlebe asisiza ukuzwa.
• Ukuhlinzwa Okwakha Kabusha: Odokotela abahlinzayo bepulasitiki bangalungisa umonakalo endlebeni, bashintshe isimo sezicubu, futhi banike indlebe ukubukeka kwemvelo. Ngezinye izikhathi, kusetshenziswa izingcezu zesikhumba ukufaka esikhundleni sezicubu ezilahlekile.
• Ukuthungwa: Ukusikwa okujulile kuvalwa ngezitishi noma uhlobo olukhethekile lweglue (glue yokuhlinzwa). Izitishi nazo zisetshenziselwa ukubamba i-cartilage ekhululekile endaweni yayo.
• I-Tympanoplasty: Esikhathini esiningi, i-eardrum ephukile izophola ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-Tympanoplasty ukuze kulungiswe i-eardrum ephukile futhi kuvalwe imbobo.

Ingabe ukulimala kwendlebe kungavinjelwa?

Kungase kungenzeki ukuvimbela ukulimala kwendlebe ngakunye. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi:

• Gwema izindawo ezinomsindo ophezulu, noma sebenzisa isivikelo sezindlebe (isibonelo, uma usebenza endaweni yokwakha).
• Ungafaki lutho endlebeni yakho, ngisho nokuluhlanza. I-wax engaphakathi kwendlebe izophuma yodwa. Ukufaka izinti kuzocindezela i-wax ngaphakathi futhi kubangele ukulimala endlebeni.
• Uma uhamba ngendiza, sebenzisa ama-earplug akhethekile ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka ezindlebeni zakho, uhlafune ushungamu, noma ushaye i-mute.
• Gcina ivolumu iphansi uma ulalele umculo ngama-earbud nama-headphone.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela uma ugibela ibhayisikili, i-skateboard, noma isithuthuthu.
• Gqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela uma udlala imidlalo ethile (njengesibhakela, i-rugby, i-wrestling).

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa ekulimaleni kwendlebe?

Lokhu kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nobukhulu bokulimala. Iningi lezindlebe eziphukile kanye nokulimala okuncane kuzophola ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuqhekeka okujulile kanye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo endlebe yangaphakathi kungadinga ukuhlinzwa.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma wena noma ingane yakho nilimale ekhanda futhi niphuma igazi endlebeni, kungaba uphawu olubi kakhulu. Kungaba ngisho uphawu lokopha ngaphakathi ebuchosheni. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Futhi, qaphela lezi zimpawu:

• Uma kukhona uketshezi olucacile oluphuma endlebeni, aluyeki, futhi umcamelo umanzi uma uvuka ekuseni.
• Uma kukhona ukudideka noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
• Uma unenkinga enkulu yendlebe noma ikhanda.
• Uma uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuzumayo, isiyezi, noma izinkinga zokulinganisela.
• Uma uhlanza.

Ngisho noma ukulimala kwekhanda kubonakala kuncane, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Shayela udokotela, shayela u-911 (eSri Lanka, shayela u-1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service), noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule

Ukulimala endlebeni akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Nakuba okunye kuncane, okunye kungaba kubi ngokwanele ukuba kusongela ukuphila.

• Ikakhulukazi uma ulimele ekhanda futhi ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nokopha endlebeni, isiyezi, noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, bona udokotela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
• Ungafaki lutho endlebeni yakho. Indlebe iyisitho esizihlanzayo.
• Nciphisa ukuchayeka emisindweni emikhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, noma sebenzisa ama-earplugs.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ikhanda lakho uma udlala imidlalo noma ugibela ibhayisikili/isithuthuthu.

Kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela izindlebe zakho. Ngithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza!

` Indlebe, Ukulimala kwendlebe, Izigubhu zendlebe, Ukuzwa, Ukulimala kwekhanda, Ukulimala kwendlebe, Ukulimala kwendlebe, Igubhu lendlebe eliqhekekile, Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, Ukulimala kwekhanda, Ukuphazamiseka kwendlebe