Zicabange usesifundweni sasekuseni esikoleni, noma ubhajwe ebhasini eligcwele abantu. Kungazelelwe amehlo akho aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izindlebe zakho zizwakala sengathi zivaliwe, konke okukuzungezile kuba lufifi bese uquleka. Uma uvuka kamuva, abantu basuke bekuzungezile, bekubhekile. Ingabe lokhu kwake kwenzeka kuwe? Noma wake wambona umuntu enza lokhu? Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kulahlekelwa yingqondo nokuwa ngokuzumayo kubizwa ngokuthi i-syncope . Ngolimi lwansuku zonke, sikubiza ngokuthi ukuquleka .
Kalula nje, kuyini lokhu kuquleka?
Lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyesabe ngempela. Kalula nje, ukuquleka kwenzeka lapho ukuphakelwa kwegazi okuhambisa umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ebuchosheni bethu kuncipha okwesikhashana, okungukuthi, isikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Kufana nebhalbhu yokukhanya ecima lapho amandla kagesi ehla ngokuzumayo endlini yethu.
Uma ulahlekelwa ingqondo ngale ndlela, uvame ukubuyisa ingqondo ngemizuzwana noma imizuzu embalwa. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokubuyisa ingqondo, ungase uzizwe udidekile futhi ukhathele isikhashana. Ungalulama ngokuphelele phakathi namahora ambalwa.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lokhu kuquleka okuvamile kuhluke kakhulu ekulahlekelweni ukwazi esimweni esifana nokuquleka. Ngakho-ke ungazididanisi lezi zinto ezimbili.
Ukuquleka kuvame kakhulu. Nakuba kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-70, kungenzeka nakubantu banoma yimuphi ubudala, ngisho nalabo abangenazo izimo zezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi sezokwelapha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhathazeka uma uhlangabezana nokuquleka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa noma uma kwenzeka nezinye izimpawu.
Yiziphi izimpawu ozizwayo ngaphambi kokuquleka?
Ngokuvamile, imizimba yethu isinika izimpawu ezincane ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuquleka. Uma unaka lezi zimpawu ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukuzizwa, ungagwema ukuwa nokuzilimaza.
| Isibonakaliso | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Ubumpumputhe/Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa sengathi izinto ziyajikeleza futhi ikhanda lakho lingenalutho. |
| Ukufiphala kwamehlo | Umuzwa wobumnyama obungazelelwe phambi kwamehlo. Abanye abantu bangase babone ngisho namachashazi. |
| Umbono womhubhe | Kuzwakala sengathi ubheke phambili ngembobo encane, awukwazi ukubona okuzungezile. |
| Isicanucanu nokujuluka | Ukuqala ukujuluka okubandayo kanye nokuzizwa unesicanucanu. |
| Umzimba ongenampilo | Ukuzizwa sengathi imilenze yakho iyaphela amandla kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuma. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa | Ikhono lokuzwa imisindo ekuzungezile liyancipha kancane kancane, futhi umuzwa wezindlebe zakho uvalekile. |
Kungani sizizwa sididekile? Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko?
Akukho imbangela eyodwa yokuquleka, kodwa ziningi. Ezinye ziyizimbangela ezilula kakhulu, ezingenangozi. Kodwa ezinye zingabangelwa yizimo zezokwelapha ezimbi kakhulu. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
1. I-Reflex Syncope - Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuquleka. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluzimele lusabela kakhulu ezintweni ezithile. Ngenxa yaleyo mpendulo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yethu kanye nomfutho wegazi kwehla ngokuzumayo, futhi inani legazi eliya ebuchosheni liyancipha.
- Izimbangela ezingaba khona:
- Ukuma endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside (isib. emhlanganweni wesikole).
- Ukuzwa ukwesaba okukhulu, ukushaqeka, noma ubuhlungu (isib., lapho ubona igazi, ukwesaba umjovo).
- Ukukhwehlela okukhulu, ukuthimula, nokuhleka.
- Kwabanye abantu, kungase kube ngenxa yokuzikhandla ngesikhathi sokuchitha noma ukuchama.
- Kushisa kakhulu futhi akunamoya.
2. I-Postural noma i-Orthostatic Syncope
Wake wazizwa unesiyezi lapho usukuma esihlalweni noma embhedeni ngokuzumayo? Kungaba uphawu lokuquleka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-postural hypotension . Kuwukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi uma ushintsha isikhundla.
- Izimbangela ezingaba khona:
- Ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni (ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni).
- Eminye imithi yokucindezela kwegazi.
- Izifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
- Izinguquko emzimbeni ngokuguga.
3. Ukuquleka ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo (i-Cardiac Syncope)
Lolu uhlobo okudingeka silunake kakhulu futhi oluyingozi kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele ebuchosheni ngenxa yenkinga ethile.
- Izimbangela ezingaba khona:
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo, okungukuthi, ukwanda noma ukwehla okungavamile kwesilinganiso sokushaya kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) .
- Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo .
- Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo.
- Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo .
- Ihluli .
Uma uhlangabezana nokuquleka ngenkathi uzivocavoca, ugijima, noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma uma kukhona emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo, kufanele nakanjani wazise udokotela ngalokhu. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo.
4. Ukuquleka okubangelwa izinkinga zesimiso sezinzwa (i-Neurologic Syncope)
Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Singenzeka uma ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kuphazamiseka ngenxa yenkinga ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa. Isibonelo, isifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okungapheli (TIA) kungabangela lesi simo.
Udokotela uthola kanjani imbangela yalokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela ngoba unesiphetho sokuquleka, uzokubuza imibuzo eminingi. Wawuzizwa kanjani ngaphambi kokuba uquleke? Wawenzani? Kwenzeka kangaki ngosuku? Yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo? Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo? Izinto eziningi ezinjalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzohlolwa.
Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze izivivinyo eziningana ezinjengalezi ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje, |
|---|---|
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo uyaqoshwa ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izinkinga ngesigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| I-Echocardiogram | Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kuhlola ukuthi isakhiwo senhliziyo, ama-valve, kanye nemisipha kusebenza kahle yini. |
| I-Ambulatory Monitor (I-Holter Monitor) | Umshini omncane unamathele emzimbeni wakho futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kubhekwa njalo amahora angama-24 noma ngaphezulu. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwethebula Elithambekile | Zikwenza ulale embhedeni okhethekile, ugobe umbhede ngama-engeli ahlukene, bese ubheka ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kushintsha kanjani njengoba ushintsha izikhundla. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Bahlola ukungajwayelekile ezintweni ezifana ne-anemia, amazinga kashukela, kanye namazinga kasawoti. |
Senzenjani uma umuntu equleka?
Uma othile ophambi kwakho equleka futhi ewa, yenza lezi zinto ngaphandle kokwethuka.
1. Qinisekisa ukuphepha: Okokuqala, hlola ukuthi umuntu uyaphefumula yini. Susa noma yiziphi izinto ezibukhali noma izinto eziyingozi endaweni.
2. Phakamisa imilenze: Mlale phansi bese uphakamisa imilenze yakhe cishe unyawo. Ungasebenzisa umcamelo noma isikhwama salokhu. Lokhu kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.
3. Khulula izingubo eziqinile: Khulula izinto ezifana nethayi entanyeni yakho kanye nezinkinobho eziphezulu zehembe lakho.
4. Linda umuntu aphinde aqonde: Ukuqaphela kuvame ukubuyela kungakapheli umzuzu. Uma ukuqaphela sekubuyile, ungamvusi ngokushesha. Mvumele ahlale noma alale phansi okungenani imizuzu eyi-10-15 .
5. Nikeza amanzi: Uma umuntu ephapheme ngemva kokuthola ingqondo, mnike amanzi ukuze aphuze.
6. Hlola ukulimala: Hlola ngokucophelela ukuze ubone ukuthi ikhanda noma izitho zomzimba zishayiwe noma zilimele yini ngesikhathi zihudulwa noma ziwa.
Okubalulekile:Uma umuntu equlekile isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emibili, enobunzima bokuphefumula, enokuxhuzula, noma elimele kakhulu ekhanda, myise e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) esibhedlela ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukuquleka?
Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni yini ebangela isiyezi sakho.
- Ngezizathu ezilula:
- Ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila: Lokhu kungalawulwa izinto ezifana nokuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke, ukwengeza usawoti omncane ekudleni kwakho (kulabo abanomfutho wegazi ophansi), ukudla ukudla okuncane esikhundleni sokudla okukhulu, nokuvuka kancane kunokuvuka konke ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Amasokisi Okucindezela: Lawa amasokisi akhethekile agqokwa emilenzeni. Anciphisa ukuhlangana kwegazi emilenzeni futhi athuthukise ukujikeleza kwegazi.
- Ukugwema izinto ezibangela lokhu: Uma wazi ukuthi kunini lapho uvame ukuba nesiyezi khona (isib., uma ume isikhathi eside), zama ukugwema lezo zimo.
- Ngezizathu ezinkulu:
- Imithi: Udokotela angase akunikeze imithi yokulawula isigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi.
- I-Pacemaker: Idivayisi encane efakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba ukugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo kusezingeni elijwayelekile kubantu abanezinhliziyo ezishaya kancane ngendlela engavamile.
- I-ICD (I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Le divayisi ifakwa kubantu abanezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo ezisongela ukuphila ukuze kutholakale ukushaqeka kukagesi enhliziyweni futhi kubuyiselwe esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma kukhona i-valve yenhliziyo noma ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo, zingadinga ukuhlinzwa.
Ingabe ukuquleka kungavinjelwa?
Yebo, isikhathi esiningi kungenzeka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuthi usuzoquleka (njengokuzungeza okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
Uma uzizwa uphelelwe amandla, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlala phansi noma ukulala phansi. Lokhu kuzokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukuthi ungawi futhi uzilimaze. Uma kungenzeka, gcina imilenze yakho iphakeme kancane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Izindlela zokulwa nokucindezeleka: Uma uzizwa ubuthakathaka, qinisa izibhakela zakho. Hlanganisa imilenze yakho bese ucindezela amathanga akho ndawonye. Lokhu kungasiza ekukhuphuleni umfutho wegazi lakho kancane.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi usuku lonke.
- Ungavuki ngokuzumayo: Uma uvuka embhedeni noma esihlalweni, ungavuki ngokuzumayo, qala uhlale phansi, ulinde imizuzwana embalwa, bese uvuka kancane.
Ukuquleka kuyisenzakalo esizumayo esingase sesabise. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, akukubi kangako. Into ebalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu bese wenza ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinguquko endleleni yokuphila. Uma uneminye imibuzo ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-syncope iwukulahlekelwa ukwazi okwesikhashana okubangelwa ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kangako.
- Ukuquleka kungenzeka ngezizathu ezilula njengokuma isikhathi eside, ukwesaba, noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Kodwa-ke, ukuquleka kungabangelwa yizimbangela ezinkulu, njengesifo senhliziyo.
- Uma uzwa ukuquleka ngesikhathi uzivocavoca, ukuquleka okuhambisana nobuhlungu besifuba, noma uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma nje uzizwa uphelelwa amandla (njengokungathi unesizungu, amehlo akho aba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), ungagwema ukuwa nokuzilimaza ngokuhlala phansi noma ukulala phansi ngokushesha.
- Uma unenkinga noma ukwesaba mayelana nokuzumeka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungakushayi indiva bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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