Uma usuzobeletha noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kancane uma udokotela ekutshela ukuthi uzodinga i-epidural. Abantu abaningi bayasaba lapho bezwa igama elithi "epidural" futhi liwumjovo emhlane. Kodwa iyini ngempela i-epidural? Yenzani? Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe? Masiqonde lokhu ngokucacile nangokulula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-epidural?
I-epidural iwumjovo ofakwa endaweni ezungeze imizwa emgogodleni wakho (indawo ye-epidural) . Awufakwa ngqo emgogodleni. Ufakwa kuphela endaweni ezungezile. Usetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ubuhlungu.
Nazi ezinye izimo lapho lokhu kusetshenziswa khona:
- Lawula ubuhlungu obukhulu ngesikhathi sokubeletha .
- Faka izinhlungu endaweni (ukubulala izinzwa) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Nciphisa ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Njengokwelashwa kobuhlungu obungapheli bomhlane obubangelwa yizimo ezifana ne-herniated disc.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-epidural?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-epidurals ezisetshenziswa odokotela, kuye ngezidingo zakho.
| Uhlobo lwe-Epidural | Incazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|
| I-Epidural Anesthesia | Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ukuze kunciphe ubuhlungu kanye nokuzwa. Usetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nokuhlinzwa. |
| Umjovo we-Epidural Steroid (ESI) | Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka i-steroid (i-corticosteroid) emithanjeni ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala. Ivame ukunikezwa ngenxa yobuhlungu obungapheli. Imiphumela ingahlala amasonto noma izinyanga. |
Isebenza kanjani?
Indlela i-epidural esebenza ngayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo olunikezwayo.
I-epidural anesthesia ivimba okwesikhashana ukudluliselwa kwezimpawu zobuhlungu ezivela emithanjeni yakho yomgogodla ziye ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imizwa "ivaliwe" isikhashana. Isikhathi somphumela sincike enanini lomuthi onikeziwe.
Umjovo we-epidural steroid (ESI) unciphisa ukuvuvukala kanye nengcindezi ngokujova umuthi ozungeze imizwa evuvukele ebangela ubuhlungu.
Izindlela ezahlukene zokunikeza imithi
Odokotela, kunezindlela eziningana zokujova lo muthi emzimbeni wakho.
- Umjovo owodwa: Lona umjovo okwenziwa kanye kuphela. Lena yindlela imijovo ye-steroid (ESI) evame ukunikezwa ngayo.
- I-Epidural ene-catheter: I-catheter iyipayipi elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo. Leli payipi lifakwa esikhaleni se-epidural futhi lingasetshenziswa ukunikeza imithi kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nasezinhlinzweni ezithatha amahora amaningana.
- I-Analgesia Elawulwa Yisiguli (i-PCA): Lena futhi indlela yokunikeza imithi yobuhlungu nge-catheter. Kodwa ungayithola ngokwakho imithi yobuhlungu ngokucindezela inkinobho kudivayisi encane esandleni sakho. Lokhu kukunikeza kuphela umthamo ophephile onqunywe udokotela wakho, ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
- I-Combined Spinal-Epidural (CSE): Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Abanye abantu bayibiza nangokuthi "i-walking epidural." Kodwa-ke, ngeke ukwazi ukuhamba nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, uzoba nomuzwa othile emilenzeni yakho, ngakho-ke ungahamba embhedeni futhi ushintshe izikhundla.
Ingabe ngidinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kwe-epidural?
Yebo. Kodwa izinto okudingeka uzenze zizohluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-epidural onayo kanye nesizathu salo. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile ngalokhu. Ngokuvamile ungase ucelwe ukuba wenze okulandelayo:
- Shesha (yeka ukudla nokuphuza) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo.
- Yeka okwesikhashana ukuphuza noma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi .
- Hlela kusenesikhathi ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemva kwenqubo.
Kwenzekani uma kunikezwa i-epidural?
Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo olunikezwayo.
Uma kunikezwa umjovo owodwa:
Uzocelwa ukuba ulale phansi ngesisu. Udokotela bese ethi:
1. Kunikezwa umjovo omncane ukuze kuncishiswe isikhumba esizungeze indawo yomjovo.
2. I-Fluoroscopy , umshini ofana ne-X-ray ephilayo, isetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inaliti iya lapho kufanele ibe khona.
3. Inaliti ifakwa esikhaleni se-epidural bese umuthi ufakwa.
4. Inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni yokujova.
Uma kufakwa i-catheter:
1. I-cannula (umugqa we-IV) izofakwa emthanjeni ongalweni yakho ukuze ikunike usawoti.
2. Uzocelwa ukuba ulale ngohlangothi, amadolo akho asondele esifubeni sakho, noma uhlale esihlalweni ugobe phambili. Lesi simo sizokwandisa isikhala phakathi komgogodla wakho.
3. Indawo lapho umjovo ungasebenzi kahle.
4. Inaliti ye-epidural ifakwa bese i-catheter (ithubhu elincane) idluliselwa kuyo iye esikhaleni se-epidural.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho inaliti isuswa ngokucophelela, kushiywe i-catheter kuphela ngaphakathi.
6. Umuthi odingekayo unikezwa ngaleyo catheter.
7. Uma isidingo semithi sesiphelile (ngemva kwamahora ambalwa noma izinsuku ezimbalwa), i-catheter iyasuswa.
Uzizwa kanjani njengamanje?
Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane uma uqala ukuthola umjovo wokwenza izinzwa. Uma inaliti ye-epidural ifakwa, ungase uzwe ukuqaqamba, ukungazweli, umuzwa wokushisa , noma ukushaqeka kukagesi okwesikhashana. Abanye abantu bangase bangezwa lutho nhlobo. Lokhu kungakhululeki kuzophela uma umjovo usuqediwe. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki nobubukhali, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi ze-epidural?
I-epidural iyindlela ephephile kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yokulawula ubuhlungu. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, iguquguquka kakhulu kunezinye izindlela zokubulala izinzwa. Futhi inemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu. Kulabo abanobuhlungu obungapheli, ingagwema ngisho nezinto ezifana nokuhlinzwa uma ubuhlungu bulawulwa.
Njengazo zonke izindlela zokwelapha, kunezingozi ezithile. Kodwa khumbula, izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile .
Izingozi ezingaba khona:
- Ukopha okuvela endaweni yomjovo.
- Ukutheleleka endaweni yokujova.
- Ukulimala kwemizwa (okungavamile kakhulu).
- Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi.
- Ukuvuza koketshezi oluzungeze umgogodla (`Ukuvuza koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal`). Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda kamuva.
Ingabe i-epidural izobangela ubuhlungu emhlane kamuva?
Lokhu kuyikwesaba okukhulu kubantu abaningi. Khumbula ukuthi akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi i-epidural ibangele ubuhlungu bomhlane obuhlala isikhathi eside noma obungapheli .
Kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu besikhashana noma ukuklwebheka endaweni yokujova izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lokhu kuzophela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Omama abaningi bazwa ubuhlungu emhlane ngemva kokubeletha - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babene-epidural noma cha . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathambo enqulwini kanye nemisipha okwashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuyashintsha ukuze kuhambisane nezikhundla zabo ezintsha.
Uzobona nini udokotela
Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-epidural, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) .
| Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|
| • Imfiva. |
| • Ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo noma indle (Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngomchamo / Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngendle). |
| • Ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka emilenzeni kuhlala isikhathi eside kunalokho okunqunywe udokotela. |
| • Ikhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu elivela uma umi noma uhleli, bese liphela uma ulele phansi. |
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa igama elithi "spinal tap." Kodwa i-epidural iyindlela ephephile kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yokulawula ubuhlungu esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-epidural iwumjovo ophephile kakhulu futhi ovamile wokulawula ubuhlungu.
- Lokhu akunikelwa emgogodleni, kodwa endaweni ekhethekile ewuzungezile (isikhala se-epidural).
- Isetshenziselwa ubuhlungu bokubeletha, ubuhlungu bokuhlinzwa, kanye nobuhlungu obungapheli.
- Imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile kakhulu. Ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova izinsuku ezimbalwa kuyinto evamile.
- Ngokuvamile kuyiphutha ukuthi i-epidural ibangela ubuhlungu bomhlane besikhathi eside.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yikuphi ukungabaza noma ukwesaba onakho.
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