Umntwana omusha uyinjabulo enkulu ukuba naye emndenini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umama noma ubaba uzizwa enomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukwesaba okuncane ngisho nezinto ezincane kakhulu. Sonke siyakhathalela ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle yini ngomntwana nokuthi uphilile yini. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi udokotela uhlola umntwana futhi amtshele ngoshintsho oluncane azalwe nalo, futhi kuyinto evamile ukuzwa umthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esingavamile kakhulu, kodwa esingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa. Leso yi-Epispadias.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Epispadias?
I-Epispadias iyisici esingavamile sokuzalwa. Sithinta ipayipi elithwala umchamo liwukhiphe emzimbeni. Siwubiza ngokuthi i-urethra. Kalula nje, leli yipayipi elithwala umchamo liwukhiphe kwesinyeni sethu liwukhiphe emzimbeni. Kumntwana one-epispadias, le-urethra ayikakhuli ngokugcwele.
Nakuba lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubafana, singavela nakumantombazane angavamile kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa odokotela bezifo zomchamo zezingane, abangochwepheshe ezifweni ezihlobene nohlelo lomchamo ezinganeni.
I-Epispadias ivame ukubonakala kanye nesinye isifo sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Bladder Exstrophy. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu lapho isinye somntwana sitholakala ngaphandle kwesisu esikhundleni saso.
I-Epispadias iyithinta kanjani ingane yesilisa?
Uma umfana enalesi simo, izitho zakhe zangasese zingase zibukeke zihlukile kancane. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ipenisi emfushane nebanzi: Ipenisi ingaba mfushane futhi ibanzi kancane, futhi ingase igobe ibheke phezulu (dorsal chordee).
- Ukuqina komchamo: Ngokuvamile, inyama ye-urethral itholakala esicongweni sepenis. Kodwa-ke, kulaba bantwana, inyama ye-meatus itholakala endaweni ethile phezulu kwepenis. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kube nomsele omude osuka esicongweni sepenis uye esicongweni sepenis.
Izinhlobo ze-Epispadias kubafana
Odokotela bahlukanisa lesi simo ngezinhlobo eziningana ngokusekelwe endaweni eqondile ye-urethral meatus. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indlela i-meatus eseduze ngayo nesisekelo sepenis ingathinta ikhono lesinye lokubamba umchamo. Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ngokuningiliziwe.
| Uhlobo lwe-Epispadias | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ama-epispadias anezinhlayiya | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Lapha, imbobo ye-urethra itholakala ngaphezu kwepenis ye-glans (ikhanda lepenis). |
| I-penile epispadias | Lapha, imbobo ye-urethra itholakala ndawana thize eceleni komgodi wepenis. |
| Ama-epispadia asePenopubic | Lesi yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Umgodi womchamo useduze nethambo le-pubic. Ngenxa yokuthi amathambo amabili e-pelvic kula bantwana awahlanganiswa kahle, imisipha ye-sphincter elawula ukuchama ayikwazi ukuvala ngokuphelele. |
I-Epispadias iyithinta kanjani intombazane?
Lesi simo asivamile kakhulu emantombazaneni, kodwa uma sivela, nazi izimpawu ozozibona:
- Umgodi womchamo ungase ube ohlangothini lwe-clitoris noma ngezinye izikhathi ube sezansi kwesisu.
- Ngenxa yokuthi amathambo esitho aqhelelene kakhulu, isitho sangasese sowesifazane singase sihlukaniswe sibe izingxenye ezimbili futhi singahlangani phakathi.
- Ama-labia angase abonakale engakakhuli kahle.
- Izinkinga ngentamo yesinye zingavela, okungaholela ekubunzimeni ekulawuleni umchamo.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Epispadias ne-Hypospadias?
La magama amabili angase azwakale efana kancane. Womabili ayiziphambeko zokuzalwa ezenzeka emgudwini womchamo. Umehluko uwukuthi imbobo ye-urethra itholakala kuphi. I-Epi isho ukuthi "ngenhla. " I-Hypo isho ukuthi "ngezansi."
| Isici | Ama-Epispadia | I-Hypospadias |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo yokuvula kwe-urethra | Endaweni ethile phezulu kwepenisi. | Endaweni ethile ngaphansi kwepenisi. |
| Ubani othintekayo? | Kuvame kakhulu kubafana, kodwa kungenzeka nakumantombazane. | Ithinta kakhulu izingane zesilisa. |
Iyini imbangela yalesi simo?
Abacwaningi abakayitholi imbangela ethile yalokhu, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa inkinga eyenzeka ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwezingxenye zomzimba womntwana esibelethweni, ikakhulukazi olwelwesini lwe-cloacal, lapho kwakheka khona izinhlelo zomchamo, zokugaya ukudla, kanye nezokuzala.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akulona iphutha likamama noma likababa. Ungazizwa kabi ngalokho ngenxa yento oyenzile noma ongayenzanga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala udokotela akwenza ngemva kokuba umntwana ezelwe esibhedlela. Odokotela bangasibona kalula ngenxa yokubonakala okungajwayelekile kwepenisi kumfana noma i-scrotum kanye ne-labia entombazaneni.
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo sincane kakhulu futhi singase singatholakali esibhedlela. Kuleso simo, abazali bangase babone ukuvuza okuncane komchamo ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa endlini yangasese. Amantombazane angase atholakale enalesi simo kamuva.
Uma udokotela wakho esola lesi simo, uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zomchamo wezingane.
Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Yebo, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe i-Epispadias. Imigomo eyinhloko yalokhu kuhlinzwa ukubuyisela ukubukeka nokusebenza kwezitho zangasese.
Odokotela batusa ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwe kusenesikhathi ngangokunokwenzeka, okusho ukuthi ingane isencane, ngoba yilapho imiphumela emihle kakhulu ingatholakala khona ngokwezinto ezifana nokulawula isinyi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ingane ingadinga ukuhlinzwa okungaphezu kokukodwa.
Izinhloso zokuhlinzwa
- Kwabafana: Kubuyisela ukusebenza, usayizi, kanye nokubukeka kwepenisi, kunikeza ukulawula umchamo, futhi kulondoloza ukuzala kwesikhathi esizayo.
- Kwamantombazane: Ukuhlinzwa kwamantombazane kulula kakhulu. Kuhilela kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nokubeka i-urethra endaweni efanele.
Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa, njenge-"Modified Cantwell-Ransley technique" kanye ne-"Mitchell technique". Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngokuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu enganeni yakho.
Imibuzo evamile onayo njengomzali
Kuvamile ukuthi imibuzo eminingi ivele engqondweni yakho ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Ake sizame ukuyiphendula.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuncike enkingeni yokuhlinzwa. Uma kungukuhlinzwa okuncane, ingane izolulama ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, uma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwe ngenxa yesimo esifana ne-`(Bladder Exstrophy)`, kungaba olunye lwezinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke kuzothatha isikhathi ukululama.
Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kungabangela izinkinga?
Esikhathini esidlule, kwakunengozi yokuthi i-fistula ivuleke kusukela e-urethra iye esikhumbeni ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa ngenxa yezindlela zokuhlinzwa ezithuthukisiwe zanamuhla, lokhu akuvamile. Ngisho nalapho, imbobo ingavaleka yodwa noma ivalwe ngokuhlinzwa okuncane okunye.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu:
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Uma indawo yokuhlinzwa ivuvukele, ibomvu, noma ikhipha ubomvu (izimpawu zokutheleleka)
- Noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezikukhathazayo
Ingabe lesi simo siyawuthinta umsebenzi wobulili?
Cha. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Epispadias okwenziwe kahle akukuthinti ukusebenza kwe-erectile.
Ingabe kukhona umthelela ekuzaleni?
Ukuzala kwabesifazane ngokuvamile akuthinteki. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa abanezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-penopubic epispadias noma i-exstrophy-epispadias complex bangase babe nezinkinga zokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni lezi zinkinga. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
Ingabe indodana yami ingasokwa?
Udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uhlehlise ukusoka kuze kube ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi udokotela ohlinzayo angase adinge izicubu zejwabu ukuze akhe kabusha ipenisi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-epispadias, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokusoka uma ufuna.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Epispadias yisimo esingavamile sokuzalwa esingabangelwa yiphutha labazali.
- Lesi simo sitholwa odokotela esibhedlela ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.
- Ukuhlinzwa kungalungisa lesi simo ngokuphelele, kubuyisele ukubukeka nokusebenza kwezitho zangasese esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Ngokuhlinzwa ngokushesha okukhulu, imiphumela emihle kakhulu ingatholakala ezintweni ezifana nokulawula umchamo.
- Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa nokuthi uzophinde umbone nini udokotela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo.
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