Ingabe umphimbo wakho uqhumile? (Ukuqhekeka Komthambo) Lokhu kuyiqiniso, ake sithole imininingwane!

Wake wazizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni ngokuzumayo, ubunzima bokugwinya, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula? Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, asicabangi ngisho ngakho, kodwa kungaba yingozi kakhulu. Esinye isimo esibi kangaka esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla ukuqhuma komphimbo, noma `(Ukuqhekeka Komphimbo)`. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ngoba ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa ngisho nokuphila.

Kuyini ukuqhekeka komphimbo? Kalula nje...

I-esophagus yipayipi elithwala ukudla esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo kusuka emlonyeni wethu kuya esiswini sethu. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona imbobo, ukudabuka, noma ukuklwebheka noma kuphi odongeni lwalo mhubhe, yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ukuqhekeka komhubhe.

Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, "Pho yini enkulu kangaka ngalokhu?" Cha, lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu . Cabanga ngakho, i-trachea yethu itholakala ngaphakathi kwesifuba, phakathi kwamaphaphu. Akusikho ukudla esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo kuphela, kodwa futhi namagciwane namakhemikhali ahlobene nohlelo lwethu lokugaya ukudla adlula kule trachea. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona imbobo ku-trachea, zonke lezi zinto zinganqwabelana ngaphakathi kwesifuba, emaphashini, noma egazini. Uma lokho kwenzeka , kungenzeka izifo ezinkulu , ezingaba yingozi empilweni.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu, zingakapheli amahora angama-24, uma usola lesi simo. Ngezinye izikhathi, singelashwa ngenqubo efana ne-"Endoscopy" noma ukuhlinzwa.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Empeleni, ukuqhekeka kwe-larynx kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Lokho kusho ukuthi akuyona into etholwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa uma othile eyithola, iyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-larynx eqhumile nalezi ezinye izimo?

Ngezinye izikhathi abantu badidanisa lokhu nezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo.

Ukuqhuma Komqala kanye Nokuqhekeka Kwe-Mallory-Weiss

"Ukudabuka kweMallory-Weiss" kumane kuwukudabuka noma ukuklwebheka odongeni lwe-esophagus. Akudluli odongeni lwe-esophagus , okusho ukuthi akwenzi imbobo. Kodwa-ke, ku-esophagus ephukile, udonga ludabukile ngokuphelele.

Ukuqhuma Kwe-Esophageal kanye Nokuqhuma Kwe-Esophageal Variceal

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi e-urethra ivuvukala, ivuleke, futhi iqhume. Lokhu kungabangela ukopha okuningi , kodwa akusho ukuthi i-urethra ngokwayo iqhumile. Udonga lwe-urethra alonakele.

Lo msele wezinyembezi uvela kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, ukudabuka komphimbo kwenzeka lapho umphimbo wonakele ngandlela thile . Lo monakalo ungaba wangaphandle noma wangaphakathi. Okunye ukulimala kungenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngenxa yengozi, kanti okunye kungakhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Akuvamile kakhulu, umphimbo ungaqhuma ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Boerhaave's syndrome." Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma kunokuhlanza okukhulu, isikhathi eside.

Iyini imbangela evame kakhulu yomphimbo oqhekekile?

Ngokuvamile, ukuqhekeka komphimbo kubangelwa umonakalo owenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa (`ukuqhekeka kwe-iatrogenic`). Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okubandakanya ukufaka ``i-endoscope`` emmphinjeni. ``i-endoscope`` iyithubhu elincane elinekhamera elinamathiselwe kulo. Lifakwa ngomlomo futhi lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokwelapha ummphimbo.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izizathu?

Yebo, kunezinye izizathu eziningana:

• Ukuhlinzwa komphimbo, ikakhulukazi i-Nissen fundoplication kanye ne-myotomy.
• Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile: izimo ezihilela ukuzikhandla ngokweqile, njengokuhlanza okuqhubekayo, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukuxhuzula, noma ukubeletha.
• Ukugwinya into yangaphandle noma ikhemikhali elinamandla: Ngezinye izikhathi izingane ezincane zingagwinya ngephutha izinhlamvu zemali, izingcezu zamathoyizi, noma uma othile ephuza into enamandla, njenge-asidi.
• Ukulimala ngaphandle komphimbo: Izinto ezifana nenxeba lokugwazwa, inxeba lokudutshulwa, noma ukulimala okubangelwe yingozi yemoto.
• I-reflux ye-acid engapheli (GERD): Ukubuyela kwe-acid esiswini ku-esophagus kungabangela ukwakheka kwezilonda, okungajula kancane kancane futhi kubangele ukubhoboka kwe-esophagus.
• Ingcindezi ebangelwa yi-tumor noma into yangaphandle ebhajwe ku-urethra: Lokhu kungabangela ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis) ku-urethra.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?

I-urethra yethu ihlukile kancane kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Okusho ukuthi, ngokungafani nezinye izitho zomzimba , i-urethra ayinaso isembozo esivikelayo (ungqimba lwe-serosal) ngaphandle . Lokhu kwenza i-urethra ibe sengozini enkulu yokulimala. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma kukhona ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, noma ukulimala ngaphakathi kwe-urethra.

Uma uke waba nanoma yiziphi zezimo ezilandelayo ngaphambili, ingozi yakho yokuthola i-uvula ephukile inganda kancane:

• I-gastritis engapheli (`I-reflux ye-acid engapheli / i-GERD`).
• I-Eosinophilic esophagitis (isimo esibangela ukuvuvukala emhubheni).
• I-Esophageal diverticulum (i-protrusion encane efana nesikhwama odongeni lomphimbo).
• Unesifo somdlavuza womphimbo noma uke welashwa ngemisebe emmphinjeni.
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile.
• Njengoba ngike ngahlinzwa umphimbo ngaphambilini.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini ngempela!

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-larynx ephukile yilezi:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba - Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya .
• Ukuphelelwa umoya .
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo .
• Isicanucanu .
• Ukuhlanza igazi .
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi .
• Imfiva .

Ngokuvamile, ukudabuka kwenzeka engxenyeni ephakathi noma engezansi yesifuba. Kulokhu, ubuhlungu buzwakala esifubeni. Kodwa-ke, uma ukudabuka kwenzeka engxenyeni engenhla noma engezansi kakhulu yomphimbo, ubuhlungu bungase buzwakale entanyeni, esiswini esingaphezulu, noma ehlombe lesokudla.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma lezi zimpawu zihambisana nobuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu.

Yiziphi izinkinga eziyingozi ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Uma okuqukethwe esiswini namagciwane kuvuza ngembobo emphinjeni, zonke izinhlobo zezimo eziyingozi zingavela. Cabanga nje, kufana nethangi lamanzi elingcolile elinembobo kulo namanzi achitheka yonke indawo.

• Ukuvuvukala kwamakhemikhali (i-pleurisy) kolwelwesi lwesifuba kungase kwenzeke.
• Uketshezi luqoqana ngaphakathi kwesifuba (i-pleural effusion), okungaqhuma ngisho.
• Umoya ungabanjwa esikhaleni esiphakathi kwamaphaphu (i-`mediastinum`) (`mediastinal emphysema`).
• Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangela ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis) esifubeni noma phakathi kwamaphaphu.
• Kungase kube nokutheleleka kwegazi ngebhaktheriya (`septicemia`).
• Uma lesi simo "se-septicemia" siba sibi kakhulu, singaholela esimweni esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi "sepsis", okungagcina kuholele "ekushaqekeni kwe-septic" kanye nokwehluleka kwezitho zomzimba.

Konke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-larynx eqhumile iyingozi kangakanani.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi umphimbo wakho uqhumile? Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma usola ukuthi unalesi simo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ER) ngokushesha. Ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubunzima bokugwinya, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula konke kuyizimpawu zesimo esiphuthumayo. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngqo ukuthi izimpawu zakho zaqala kanjani nokuthi kwenzekani ngaleso sikhathi.

Uma lezi zimpawu ziqale ngemva kwengozi, ukugwinya into engafanele, noma ukuhlanza kakhulu, kungaba ukudabuka komphimbo. Udokotela uzofuna ubufakazi balokhu.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi kukhona yini ukudabuka komphimbo.

• Okokuqala, i-X-ray yesifuba ivame ukwenziwa ukuhlola ukuvuza koketshezi noma amabhamuza omoya esifubeni.
• Ukuqinisekisa lokhu, ungase ucelwe ukuba wenze olunye uhlolo lwe-X-ray olubucayi olubizwa ngokuthi i-esophagogram . Kulolu hlolo, uphuza uketshezi olunombala (udayi ohlukile) bese kuthathwa i-X-ray. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ingaphakathi lomphimbo wakho ngokucacile. Uma lolu ketshezi olunombala luphuma emgodini, luzobonakala ngokucacile ku-X-ray. Lokhu kungasho futhi ukuthi imbobo ikuphi nokuthi ivuza ngokushesha kangakanani.
• Ngezinye izikhathiKunganconywa futhi ukuthi kwenziwe i-CT scan. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ukudabuka komphimbo ongaphezulu noma ongezansi. I-CT scan ingasiza ekuboneni izindawo ezinoketshezi olunqwabelene entanyeni noma esiswini futhi inqume ukuthi zidinga ukususwa yini.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezijwayelekile zalokhu:

• Uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni (uketshezi lwe-IV): Ukufaka esikhundleni soketshezi olulahleka ngenxa yokopha, ukuhlanza, noma ukungakwazi ukuphuza.
• Ama-antibiotic e-IV kanye/noma ama-antifungal: Ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukutheleleka noma ukwelapha ukutheleleka okukhona.
• Ukudla okunomsoco nge-IV noma ukuncelisa ngepayipi: Ngeke ukwazi ukugwinya ukudla ngomlomo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi uze ululame.
• Ukugeleza koketshezi oluhamba ngesikhumba: Lokhu kungadingeka ukuze kususwe futhi kubulawe amagciwane oketshezi oluthelelekile oluqongeleleke ezimbotsheni zomzimba wakho. Udokotela wakho uzozama ukususa lolu ketshezi ngokufaka inalithi noma ipayipi esifubeni sakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Ukwelashwa nge-Endoscopic: Ezinye izinyembezi ezincane zingelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa kusetshenziswa i-endoscope. I-endoscope iyipayipi elide elinekhamera enamathiselwe. Lifakwa ngomphimbo liye emhubheni bese ukudabuka kungalungiswa ngeziqeshana, izimbobo, isiponji se-vacuum, noma i-stent.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Abanye abantu badinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ukudabuka ngqo. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa uketshezi oluningi kanye nezicubu ezifile. Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela ohlinzayo angase asebenzise inqubo engangenisi kakhulu, njenge -Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) . Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo eziphuthumayo, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kungadingeka. Lokhu kuvumela ukufinyelela okusheshayo nokungcono endaweni eyonakele.

Kungenzeka yini ukuphunyuka kulesi simo? Liyini ithuba lokululama?

Yebo, i-larynx eqhumile ingelapheka. Kodwa-ke, ukubikezela kwakho kuncike ekutheni ufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ukutheleleka kusakazeke esifubeni futhi kungene egazini, kulapho ingozi yakho iba nkulu khona.

Labo abathola ukwelashwa zingakapheli amahora angu-24 okuqala ngemva kokuqhekeka banethuba elikhulu lokululama ngokugcwele. Izinga lokusinda kuleli qembu licishe libe ngu-85%. Kodwa-ke, uma kudlula amahora angu-48 ngaphandle kokwelashwa, lelo zinga lehla liye ku-50%.

Ingabe lokhu akubonisi ukuthi ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubaluleke kangakanani?

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Ukuqhekeka kwe-larynx kuyisimo esesabekayo kodwa esingavamile. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka, kungaba nzima ukukubona ngokushesha. Yingakho kubalulekile ukungalokothi ungazinaki izinhlungu zesifuba.

Umphimbo wethu mncane futhi uyalimala kalula. Ungalimala ngezindlela ezingalindelekile. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungase ungaqondi ukuthi ubuhlungu buvelaphi noma ukuthi busho ukuthini. Kodwa-ke, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, "Lokhu kuzophela."

Uma kwenzeka uzwa ubuhlungu besifuba obungazelelwe, obukhulu, noma ubuhlungu emphinjeni wakho noma esiswini esingaphezulu, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ngisho nokubhoboza okuncane kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kanye nazo zonke izinkinga eziyingozi esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili. Impilo yakho iyigugu, ngakho-ke naka izimpawu futhi ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ukuqhekeka Komqala, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, Ubunzima Bokugwinya, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Isifo Se-Boerhaave, Ukwelashwa Okuphuthumayo