Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD)? Sekuyisikhathi sokuqaphela kancane ukuthi udlani futhi uphuzani. Ngoba kulesi simo, izinso zethu azikwazi ukususa kahle ukungcola kanye noketshezi olungadingekile emzimbeni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uma sijwayela ukudla okuzuzisa izinso, singahlala siphilile isikhathi eside. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Kuyini ukudla okulungele izinso?
Kalula nje, izinso zethu zifana nesihlungi emzimbeni wethu. Omunye wemisebenzi yazo eyinhloko ukukhipha imfucuza engadingekile kanye noketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngomchamo. Akukhona lokho kuphela, izinso zenza eminye imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile.
- Igcina ibhalansi yamaminerali afana nosawoti (i-sodium) kanye ne-potassium emzimbeni wethu.
- Ilinganisela inani loketshezi emzimbeni.
- Ikhiqiza ama-hormone athinta ukusebenza kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
Ukudla okulungele izinso kumayelana nokudla ukudla okusiza ukuvikela izinso zakho ekulimaleni okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuhilela ukunciphisa ukudla okuthile kanye noketshezi. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana koketshezi namaminerali okungadingekile emzimbeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inani elifanele lamaprotheni, amakhalori, amavithamini, namaminerali.
Uma usesigabeni sokuqala se-CKD, ungase ungabi nanoma yimiphi imikhawulo emikhulu yokudla. Kodwa njengoba isimo sakho siqhubeka, kuzodingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalokho okufaka emzimbeni wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu. Bangase futhi bakuncome ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezokudla ukuze akusize ukhethe ukudla okulula ukukudla izinso zakho.
Ungayilawula kanjani i-sodium?
I-sodium iyiminerali etholakala ngokwemvelo ekudleni okuningi. Njengoba sazi, ivame ukutholakala kusawoti esiwusebenzisela ukupheka.
I-Sodium ithinta ngqo umfutho wegazi lakho. Iphinde isize ukulinganisela inani lamanzi emzimbeni wakho. Umuntu onezinso eziphilile unezinga le-sodium elilawulwayo. Kodwa nge-CKD, i-sodium eyengeziwe kanye noketshezi kuyaqongelela emzimbeni. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nokuqongelela koketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo namaphaphu.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uzame ukugcina inani le-sodium oyifaka ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke lingaphansi kwamagremu ama-2.
Ungalawula i-sodium ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula.
| Okufanele ngikwenze | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Usawoti namasosi etafuleni | Ungagcini usawoti etafuleni. Gwema izinto ezinosawoti omningi, njengesosi yesoya nosawoti wolwandle. |
| Ukudla okuphekwe ekhaya | Pheka ekhaya ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukudla okuningi okusheshayo kugcwele i-sodium. Nciphisa izinto ezifana nezithelo ezomisiwe, ama-pickle, kanye nokudla okusemathinini. |
| Ezinye izinto ezithatha indawo kasawoti | Sebenzisa izinongo ezintsha namakhambi (isib. upelepele, i-turmeric, i-curry) esikhundleni sikasawoti ukuze uthuthukise ukunambitheka kokudla kwakho. |
| Ukudla okusemathinini nokupakishwe emaphaketheni | Lezi zinosawoti omningi. Zigweme ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma usebenzisa imifino ekheniwe, inhlanzi, noma inyama, zihlanze kahle ngamanzi ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa. |
| Funda amalebula | Uma uthenga, funda ilebula bese ukhetha ukudla okune-sodium ephansi. |
Masiqaphele i-Phosphorus ne-Calcium.
Womabili la maminerali abalulekile ekugcineni amathambo ethu ephilile futhi eqinile. Uma izinso zakho ziphilile, zisusa i-phosphorus eningi emzimbeni. Kodwa ku-CKD, amazinga akho e-phosphorus angaba phezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni wakho ehla. Ukuze kulungiswe ukulahlekelwa, umzimba udonsa i-calcium emathanjeni akho. Lokhu kwenza amathambo akho abe buthakathaka futhi kuwenze abe sengozini yokuphuka kalula.
Uma usesigabeni esithuthukile se-CKD, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi ungaphuzi ngaphezu kwama-milligram angu-1,000 e-phosphorus ngosuku. Ungenza okulandelayo ukusiza:
- Khetha ukudla okune-phosphorus eningi (bheka i-"PHOS" kumalebula).
- Yidla izithelo nemifino emisha kakhulu.
- Khetha okusanhlamvu okwenziwe ngommbila nelayisi.
- Phuza ama-soda anombala okhanyayo esikhundleni salawo anombala omnyama.
- Nciphisa ukudla kwakho inyama, izinkukhu kanye nenhlanzi.
- Nciphisa ubisi nokudla okucutshunguliwe.
Ukudla okune-calcium eningi kuvame ukuba ne-phosphorus eningi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi unciphise ukudla kwakho okune-calcium eningi. Okunye ukudla kobisi okune-phosphorus eningi kufaka phakathi:
- Ushizi we-Brie noma waseSwitzerland
- Ushizi okhilimu ojwayelekile noma onamafutha aphansi noma ukhilimu omuncu
- I-Sherbet
Futhi, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha amaphilisi e-calcium owathenga ekhemisi bese uqala ukuthatha uhlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi i-phosphorus binder, olulawula amazinga e-phosphorus.
Indlela yokunciphisa ukudla kwe-potassium?
I-Potassium iyiminerali esiza imizwa nemisipha yethu ukuthi isebenze kahle. Kodwa uma une-CKD, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukuhlunga i-potassium eyengeziwe. Uma amazinga e-potassium egazini lakho ekhuphuka kakhulu, kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zenhliziyo.
I-Potassium itholakala ezithelweni nasemifino eminingi. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi udinga ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho i-potassium. Uma kunjalo, ungakhetha ukudla okune-potassium eningi, njengoba kuboniswe ematafuleni angezansi.
| Ukudla okune-potassium eningi (nciphisa lokhu) | |
|---|---|
| Ibhanana | Ama-avokhado |
| Amazambane | Amawolintshi |
| I-broccoli ebilisiwe | Izaqathi ezingavuthiwe |
| Imifino eluhlaza (ngaphandle kwe-kale) | Izithelo ezinjengotamatisi nekhabe |
| Ukudla okune-potassium ephansi (khetha lokhu) | |
|---|---|
| Ama-apula nejusi lama-apula | Ama-strawberry, ama-blueberry, ama-raspberry |
| Uphayinaphu | ipentshisi |
| Iklabishi | Ikholifulawa Ebilisiwe |
| Ubhontshisi | Ikhukhamba |
Njengoba i-CKD yakho iba yimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka wenze izinguquko ezengeziwe ekudleni kwakho. Isibonelo, kungadingeka unciphise ukudla okunamaphrotheni amaningi, ikakhulukazi amaprotheni ezilwane (inyama, ukudla kwasolwandle, imikhiqizo yobisi). Ungadinga futhi i-iron eyengeziwe. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokudla okune-iron eningi ongakudla uma une-CKD.
Iyini i-DASH Diet?
I-DASH isifinyezo segama elithi "Izindlela Zokudla Zokuqeda Ukucindezeleka Komfutho Wegazi". Kalula nje, ukudla okusiza ekumiseni umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ukudla okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha aphansi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, inhlanzi, izinkukhu, namantongomane. Kunosawoti omncane, ushukela, amafutha, kanye nenyama ebomvu.
Uma une-CKD, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokudla kwe-DASH. Uzokutshela ukuthi lokhu kudla kukulungele yini. Uma usebenzisa i-dialysis, ukudla kwe-DASH akukulungele yini.
Ingabe udinga ukucabanga ngoketshezi?
Uma usesigabeni sokuqala se-CKD, kungase kungadingeki ukuthi unciphise uketshezi. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sakho siba sibi kakhulu, udokotela wakho uzobuza ukuthi udinga yini ukunciphisa uketshezi. Lezi zinto zingakusiza ukuthi ulawule uketshezi lwakho:
- Gwema ukudla okunosawoti omningi. Lokhu kwandisa ukoma.
- Uma umlomo wakho uzizwa womile, zama okuthile okufana noswidi oluqinile olungenashukela, ama-ice cubes, noma amagilebhisi aqandisiwe.
- Bhala phansi inani loketshezi oluphuza nsuku zonke encwadini yamanothi, noma sebenzisa ibhodlela elinezimpawu zokulinganisa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela kakhulu ukudla neziphuzo oziphuzayo.
- Ukudla okuhambisana nezinso kungavikela izinso zakho ekulimaleni okwengeziwe futhi kuzisize zihlale ziphilile.
- Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi unciphise ukudla kwakho amaminerali i-sodium (usawoti), i-phosphorus, ne-potassium.
- Ungalokothi ushintshe ukudla kwakho ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi noma kulokho okushiwo abanye. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho futhi ulandele iseluleko sakhe.
- Ezigabeni zokugcina zesifo, kungadingeka ukuthi unciphise inani loketshezi oluphuzayo. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokho futhi.
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