Lapho wake waya kohlolwa amehlo, ingabe udokotela wafaka into ethile esweni lakho njengomfudlana womoya? Noma ingabe bafaka inalithi encane esweni lakho bayibheka? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuyindlela yokuhlola ukubona ukuthi amehlo akho anjani. Kodwa empeleni okulinganiswayo ukucindezela okungaphakathi kweso lakho. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi kuyini lokhu kucindezela kwamehlo, noma lokho okubizwa ngezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Intraocular Pressure (IOP) .
Kuyini ngempela ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kweso?
Kalula nje, lokhu kubhekisela ekucindezelweni koketshezi olungaphakathi kweso lakho. Cabanga ngeso lethu njengebhola elincane eligcwele amanzi. Ukuze lelo bhola ligcine isimo salo, kudingeka kube nokucindezela okuthile ngaphakathi. Yingakho lokhu kucindezela kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yamehlo ethu kanye nokubona kwethu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zoketshezi ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu.
- Amahlaya Amanzi: Lokhu kuwuketshezi olunamanzi olutholakala engxenyeni engaphambili yeso (phakathi kwe-sclera nelensi).
- I-Vitreous Humor: Lokhu kuyisithako esijiyile, esifana nejeli esitholakala ekamelweni elikhulu ngemuva kweso.
Umzimba wethu ulawula ingcindezi emehlweni ethu ngendlela emangalisayo kakhulu. Njengoba kukhiqizwa i-aqueous humor entsha ngaphakathi kweso, inani elilinganayo loketshezi oludala likhishwa esweni. Lolu ketshezi lukhishwa ngohlelo lokukhipha amanzi oluhle kakhulu esweni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-drainage angle. Le nqubo ifana nokuvula impompi bese uvula i-drain esinkini. Amanzi ayangena futhi aphume, ngakho-ke isinki ayigcwali futhi ayiphumi. Kodwa lapho lokhu kulinganisela kulahleka, kuqala izinkinga.
Uma ingcindezi esweni ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwezinga elijwayelekile, siyibiza ngokuthi i-Ocular Hypertension . Uma lokhu kungelashwa, kungalimaza izingxenye ezibucayi ngaphakathi kweso, ikakhulukazi i-optic nerve ethwala umbono wethu iye ebuchosheni. Lokhu kulimala kwe-optic nerve kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Glaucoma , esingaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela uma singalashwa.
Kungani ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kukhuphuka?
Nakuba imizimba yethu ivame ukulawula lokhu kucindezeleka, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kulinganisela kungaphazamiseka. Nazi izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani.
| Imbangela | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamahlaya amanzi | Uketshezi oluningi kakhulu luqoqana ngaphakathi kweso. Bese kuba noketshezi oluningi oluqongelela ngaphakathi kunelo oluphumayo. |
| Ukuvaleka kwe-engeli yokukhipha amanzi | Umsele wokukhipha amanzi oqoqana uyavaleka, okwandisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso. |
| Ukulimala/Ukulimala Kwamehlo | Uma okuthile kushaya noma kulimaze iso, lolu hlelo olubucayi ngaphakathi lungaphazamiseka. |
| Eminye imithi | Lesi simo singabangelwa imithi, ikakhulukazi ama-corticosteroids (amaconsi amehlo, amaphilisi, amafutha okugcoba). Ngakho-ke, ungazisebenzisi lezi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. |
Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kulinganiswa kanjani?
Lokhu kulinganisa ingcindezi kubizwa ngokuthi i-tonometry . Uchwepheshe wakho wokunakekelwa kwamehlo uzokwenza lokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Kulinganiswa ngamamilimitha e-mercury (mmHg). Lena yiyunithi efanayo lapho umfutho wegazi lakho ulinganiswa khona.
Ingcindezi evamile esweni eliphilile iphakathi kuka-10 mmHg no-20 mmHg .
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
1. I-Air Puff Tonometry: Lokhu kuhilela umshini ovunguza umoya omncane esweni lakho. Ukucindezela kulinganiswa ngokulinganisa ukuthi ingxenye ecacile yangaphambili yeso (i-cornea) icindezela kangakanani emsakazweni womoya.
2. I-Contact Tonometry: Ngale ndlela, udokotela ufaka amaconsi aqeda izinhlungu esweni lakho bese ethinta ngobumnene ithuluzi elincane kakhulu ebusweni belihlo lakho ukuze alinganise ukucindezeleka.
Kuzwakala kanjani uma ukucindezeleka kwamehlo kukhuphuka?
Lena yinto eyingozi kakhulu ngalesi sifo futhi yinto okudingeka siyinake.
Esikhathini esiningi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu awubangeli zimpawu. Indlela kuphela yokwazi ukuthi unawo yini ukuhlolwa kwamehlo. Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela ngemva kokuba i-optic nerve yonakele futhi umbono wakho usuthintekile. Ngaleso sikhathi, omunye umonakalo usuvele wenziwe.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kweminyaka engama-40, noma ngabe akukho ukungakhululeki.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Nakuba ukucindezeleka kwamehlo okwenyuka ngokuvamile kungabangeli izimpawu, izimpawu ezithile zingase zivele kwezinye izimo eziphuthumayo noma njengoba i-glaucoma iqhubeka.
| Nini lapho kufanele uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha | |
|---|---|
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha: | |
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| Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ngokushesha uma lezi zinto zenzeka: | |
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Ingabe umfutho wegazi uyinto eyodwa, umfutho wamehlo uyinto eyodwa, noma zimbili izinto?
Yebo. Leli yiphuzu lapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamehlo) yizimo ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukuthi nje unomfutho wegazi ophezulu akusho ukuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamehlo akho uphezulu. Esinye asibangeli esinye ngokuqondile.
Kodwa, khumbula lokhu: Abantu abanomfutho wegazi ophezulu basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-glaucoma. Futhi, uma umfutho wegazi uphezulu kakhulu noma uphansi kakhulu, ukugeleza kwegazi emthanjeni we-optic kungathinteka, okubangela ukulahlekelwa umbono. Ngakho-ke, uma unomfutho wegazi ophezulu, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, uqaphele ingozi yakho ye-glaucoma, futhi uhlolwe amehlo njalo.
Udokotela wakho angase akunike amaconsi amehlo, ukwelashwa nge-laser, noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa njengokwelashwa. Lokhu kuzonqunywa ngokuhlola izici eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo akho kanye nesimo senzwa yakho yokubona.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukucindezela kwamehlo (i-IOP) kubalulekile empilweni yamehlo ethu, kodwa kufanele kuhlale kusezingeni elithile (10-20 mmHg).
- Njengoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme emehlweni) uvame ukungabi nazimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo.
- Uma lesi simo singalawulwa, singaholela ku-glaucoma, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala, unomlando womndeni we-glaucoma, noma unezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, qiniseka ukuthi uhlolwa amehlo akho okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo ngesikhathi esifanele nangesilinganiso esifanele.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Umjovo/amaphilisi e-procainamide umuthi onamandla kakhulu onikezwa yisiphi isifo?
Lona akuwona umuthi ojwayelekile! Lona umuthi onamandla kakhulu osetshenziswa ezibhedlela ukusindisa izimpilo ezimweni ezinzima ze-'Antiarrhythmic - Class 1A', ikakhulukazi lapho amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo eshaya ngokuzumayo ngokungalawuleki futhi isiguli sesizokufa (i-Ventricular Arrhythmias esongela impilo / i-V-Tach)!
💬 Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngendlela exakile, ungayilungisa kanjani indlela inhliziyo eshaya ngayo ngokunikeza lo muthi (i-Procainamide)?
Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha ngenxa kagesi (Amandla Esenzo)! Ekushayweni kokuqala, izinhlayiya ze-'Sodium' kudingeka zingene ukuze zishaje amaseli. Uma leli philisi lingena enhliziyweni, livimba futhi livale wonke amasango avumela i-sodium ukuthi ingene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lelula isikhathi esithathwa amaseli ukuthi ashaje futhi aqalise kabusha (ngokuvimba i-potassium nge-metabolite ye-NAPA)! Lokhu kuvimbela inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye ngokushesha futhi kwehlise ijubane.
💬 Yiziphi 'izingozi ezibulalayo (Isexwayiso Sebhokisi Elimnyama / I-Lupus)' okufanele abantu abathatha lo muthi (i-Procainamide) bazi ngazo?
Ingozi enkulu ukuthi ingabangela 'isigqi senhliziyo esisha ngokuphelele nesibulalayo (i-Proarrhythmia)' (yingakho inikezwa kuphela esimweni esiphuthumayo)! Enye ingozi enkulu nephazamisayo kakhulu ukuthi ngemva kokusebenzisa lokhu izinyanga ezimbalwa, iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-30% ngokuqinisekile zizoba nesifo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Lupus-like Syndrome' (ububomvu bobuso obufana novemvane, ubuhlungu bamalunga)! Kukhona futhi ingozi enkulu yokufa ngenxa yokubhujiswa okuphelele kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (i-Agranulocytosis).
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