Umzimba wethu ufana nomshini omangalisayo, akunjalo? Uhlelo lomgwaqo omkhulu ngaphakathi kwalo mshini luyimithambo yegazi yethu. Nakuba sesizwile ngemigwaqo emikhulu efana nemithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi, ubuwazi ngenethiwekhi yemigwaqo emincane emincane eseceleni kulesi simiso engabonakali ngamehlo enyama? Sibiza lezi zinhlayiya. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo olukhethekile lwe-capillary, uhlobo lwe-capillary olunamafasitela amancane.
Ziyini lezi zinhlayiya 'ezinamafasitela' (ama-Fenestrated Capillaries)?
Kalula nje, lezi zinhlobo ze-capillary ohlelweni lwethu lwemithambo yegazi olunezimbobo ezincane kakhulu noma izikhala ezifana namafasitela. Igama elithi "fenestrae" ngesiLatini lisho "amafasitela," ngakho igama lisuselwa kuleyo ncazelo.
Esikhundleni sokuvumela izinto ukuthi zidlule kuma-capillary ajwayelekile, la ma-capillary 'anefasitela' angavumela izinhlayiya ezinkulu, njengeprotheni, ukuthi zidlule egazini ziye ezithweni nasezinhlayiyeni. Cabanga ngakho njengokusebenzisa i-mesh enezimbobo ezinkulu kancane esikhundleni se-mesh evamile. Lokhu kuvumela ukushintshaniswa kwezinto okusebenzayo nokushesha kakhulu.
Uyini umsebenzi oyinhloko walezi zinto? Kungani zibaluleke kangaka?
Lawa ma-capillary asiza ekuthutheni igazi, uketshezi, kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile emizimbeni yethu yonke, kodwa umsebenzi wawo obaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinso .
Cabanga ngezinso zethu njengohlelo lokuhlunga oluthuthuke kakhulu emzimbeni. Ingxenye eyinhloko yalesi sihlungi ibizwa ngokuthi i-glomerulus . Le glomerulus ayilutho ngaphandle kwebhola elincane lentambo elenziwe ngalawo ma-capillary anefasitela esikhulume ngawo. Kufana nesihlungi setiye.
Njengoba igazi lidlula kuleli bhola lentambo, imfucuza namanzi angaphezulu kuhlungwa ngalezo zifasitela ezincane. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezinkulu ezidingwa ngumzimba, njengeprotheni namaseli abomvu egazi, zihlala egazini. Imfucuza ehlungwa ngale ndlela ibe isikhishwa emzimbeni njengomchamo.
Ngakho-ke, uyaqonda? Izinso zethu ziyakwazi ukuhlanza igazi kahle futhi zisuse imfucuza ngenxa 'yamafasitela' akhethekile kula ma-Fenestrated Capillaries.
Lawa ma-capillary azungeze nama-renal tubules. Ngawo, izakhamzimba ezidingwa ngumzimba ezintweni ezihlungiwe ziphinde zimuncwe egazini. Ngakho-ke, zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinso.
Zitholakala kuphi lezi zinto emzimbeni wethu?
Lawa ma-capillary akhethekile atholakala ezindaweni lapho i-metabolism yomzimba idinga ukwenzeka ngokushesha nangokusebenza kahle. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi lezo zindawo ezibalulekile.
| Isitho somzimba/indlala | Umsebenzi owenziwa lapho |
|---|---|
| Izinso | Ukuhlunga imfucuza egazini bese kukhiqiza umchamo. |
| Amathumbu Amancane | Ukumuncwa kwezakhamzimba ekudleni esikudlayo zingene egazini. |
| I-Pancreas | Ukukhipha ama-enzyme nama-hormone anjenge-insulin egazini adingekayo ekugayweni kokudla. |
| Izindlala ze-Endocrine | Ukukhishwa kwama-hormone egazini alawula izinto ezifana nesimo sethu sengqondo nokukhula. |
Yiziphi izifo ezithinta la ma-capillary?
Uma le mithambo yegazi emincane yonakele, ukusebenza kwezitho ezihambisanayo kungathinteka ngqo.
Izifo ezihlobene nezinso
Abantu abaneSifo Sezinso Esingapheli (CKD) bangaba nomonakalo kula ma-capillary. Ikakhulukazi, inethiwekhi yama-capillary azungeze ama-renal tubules ingaba mncane futhi ingaqini kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-capillary rarefaction'. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izinso azikwazi ukusebenza kahle futhi ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) zingavela.
Futhi, izifo ezifana ne -glomerulonephritis , ukuvuvukala kwe-glomeruli, zingaphazamisa yonke inqubo yokuhlunga yezinso. Uma izifo ezinjalo zezinso zingelashwa ngokushesha, zingase ziqhubekele ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.
Isimo esingavamile kakhulu kodwa esibucayi
I-Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome (SCLS)Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu futhi esingasongela ukuphila. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izindonga zama-capillary zilimala, okubangela ukuba inani elikhulu loketshezi liphume emithanjeni yegazi liye ezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho wehle ngokuzumayo ube sezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke singayigcina kanjani le mithambo yegazi emincane iphilile?
Akukho lutho olukhethekile okufanele lwenziwe ngalokhu. Into engcono kakhulu ukugcina impilo enhle iyonke. Ngoba lawa ma-capillary ayingxenye yesimiso sethu sokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngakho-ke uma lonke uhlelo luphilile, lawa ma-veins amancane nawo aphilile.
Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza:
- Vivinya umzimba njalo: Yakha indlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Yidla izithelo nemifino eminingi. Nciphisa utshwala. Khetha ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Gcina isisindo esifanele ubude bakho. Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu, zama ukunciphisa isisindo.
- Lawula izifo ezingamahlalakhona: Uma unezifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme, zilawule kahle ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emithanjeni yegazi.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela womndeni wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko emzimbeni wakho, ikakhulukazi uma unezimpawu ezingase zihlobane nesifo sezinso.
| Ithuba | Izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele |
|---|---|
| Bona udokotela wakho... | |
| Uma unezimpawu zesifo sezinso |
|
| Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha (iya ku-ETU)... | |
| Izimpawu ezingaba khona zesimo esingavamile kakhulu i-SCLS zifaka: | Uma kuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo ngokwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi :
|
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-capillary ane-fenestrated awuhlobo lomthambo wegazi omuhle kakhulu osebenza njengohlelo lokuhlunga olukhethekile emzimbeni wethu.
- Lokhu kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinso zethu, amathumbu, kanye nesistimu yamahomoni.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina lezi zinto ziphilile ukunakekela impilo yakho iyonke. Lokho kusho ukudla kahle, ukuzivocavoca, nokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezingase zihlobane nesifo sezinso. Uma unokungabaza, ungalibali ukubona udokotela wakho.
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