Ingabe izihlathi zomntwana wakho zibomvu njengotamatisi? Lokhu kumayelana neSifo Sesihlanu!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izihlathi zezingane ezincane ziphenduka zibe bomvu kakhulu, njengokungathi othile uzishaye kakhulu? Abanye abazali bayasaba kancane lapho bebona lokhu, becabanga ukuthi, "O, kwenzekeni enganeni yami?" Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, lokhu kubangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi iFifth Disease, esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Akuyona into engathi sína kangako, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Siyini isifo sesihlanu? Kalula nje...

Isifo Sesihlanu yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Ngokwezokwelapha, sibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Erythema infectiosum'. Kodwa uphawu oluphawuleka kakhulu lwalokhu ukuthi izihlathi zengane ziphenduka zibe bomvu kakhulu njengebala. Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi 'isifo sezihlathi esishaywayo' ngoba kubonakala sengathi othile uzishaye esihlathini. Cabanga nje, ubani obengeke esabe uma kungazelelwe ebona izihlathi zengane yakhe ziphenduka zibe bomvu njengotamatisi ababili, akunjalo?

Lokhu kubangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `iParvovirus B19`. Leli igciwane elivame kakhulu futhi lingasakazeka kalula lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Uma umuntu onaleli gciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula, lingasakazeka liye kwabanye.

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezimweni eziningi, isifo sesihlanu asisona isimo esibucayi. Ezimweni eziningi, siba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile.

Kungani lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "Isifo Sesihlanu"?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani kubizwa ngokuthi 'isifo sesihlanu', akunjalo? Kukhona indaba encane ngemuva kwaso. Esikhathini esidlule, odokotela babala izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezithinta izingane, okubangela ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. Lesi sifo sasisesihlanu kulolo hlu. Yingakho sathola igama elithi "Isifo Sesihlanu." Kuhle ukukhumbula nezinye izifo:

• Isimungumungwane
• Umkhuhlane obomvu
• I-Rubella (ebizwa nangokuthi i-German measles)
• Isifo sikaDukes
• I-Erythema infectiosum (lesi yisifo sesihlanu)
• I-Roseola

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi esesihlanu?

Isifo sesihlanu singesinye sezifo eziyisithupha ezivame kakhulu ezinganeni. Sivame ukuthinta izingane eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neyi-15. Sivame kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo (okuvame ukuba yisikhathi sonyaka esomile ezweni lakithi, unyaka wokuqala nowesibili). Singasakazeka kalula ngalezi zikhathi, lapho izingane zihlangana khona ezikoleni, ezikoleni zangeSonto, nasezindaweni zokudlala.

Ingabe abantu abadala nabo bathola isifo sesihlanu?

Abantu abadala banamathuba amancane okuthola isifo sesihlanu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma sichayeka kulesi sifo siseyizingane, amasosha ethu omzimba akha ukuzivikela kuso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uke waba nesifo sesihlanu useyingane, amathuba amancane okuthola lesi sifo futhi useyingane. Abantu abadala abaningi bake baba naso beseyizingane, ngakho-ke banamandla okuzivikela kuso.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sesihlanu?

Lokhu kutheleleka kwe-'Parvovirus B19' kuqala ngezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane ovamile. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi igciwane lithelelana kakhulu phakathi nalezi zimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Izimpawu ezivela phakathi nalesi sikhathi yilezi:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala)
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba, izinhlungu zemisipha (Achiness)
• Umkhuhlane ophansi (cishe u-37°C kuya ku-38.5°C Celsius, noma cishe u-99°F kuya ku-101°F Fahrenheit)
• Impumulo egobhozayo
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu

Cabanga nje, cishe ama-20% ezingane angase angakhombisi noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zokuqala. Kodwa asenalo ikhono lokusabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.

Ibala elibomvu ezihlathini livela ngemuva...

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, uphawu oluyinhloko lweSifo Sesihlanu, ukuqubuka okubomvu, okuphakanyisiwe kancane, kuvela ezihlathini. Lokhu kuqubuka kungaba lubi ngezinye izikhathi. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ngesikhathi kuvela ukuqubuka, izimpawu zangaphambilini ezifana nomkhuhlane seziphelile.

Ingabe amabala angavela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?

Yebo, ezinye izingane zingase zibone ukuqhuma kwesibili kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wazo ngemva kokuba izihlathi ziphenduke zaba bomvu. Lokhu kuvame ukubukeka njengephethini yeleyisi. Lawa mabala angavela kulezi zindawo:

• Izingalo
• Imilenze
• Isiqu - isifuba nomhlane
• Izinqe

Cishe izingane eziyi-10% ezithola isifo sesihlanu zingase zibe nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sesihlanu kubantu abadala?

Uma abantu abadala betheleleke nge-Parvovirus B19, bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezifana neze-flu, kodwa amabala ezihlathini zabo awabonakali. Kanye nalezo zimpawu, cishe abantu abadala abangu-80% bazwa ubuhlungu emalungeni abo, njengezingalo, izandla namadolo.

Yini ebangela isifo sesihlanu?

Imbangela yalokhu igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `i-Human Parvovirus`. Libizwa nangokuthi `i-Parvovirus B19`. Lokhu kuhlukile kune-parvovirus ethinta izinja namakati. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuyithola enjeni noma ekatini. Ukuqhuma kwesifo sesihlanu kuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-4 nezingu-14 ngemva kokuba ingane itheleleke nge-`Parvovirus B19`.

Ingabe isifo sesihlanu siyathelelana?

Yebo, i-Parvovirus B19 iyigciwane elithelelanayo kakhulu. Lisakazeka kakhulu ngamaconsi okuphefumula avela emlonyeni nasekhaleni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma umuntu onegciwane ekhuluma, ekhwehlela, noma ethimula eduze kwengane yakho, ingane yakho ingalithola igciwane ngalawo maconsi.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ingadluliselwa kusuka kumama okhulelwe iye enganeni yakhe engakazalwa ngegazi.

Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Ibala elibomvu ezihlathini elibizwa ngokuthi iFifth Disease alithelelani. Eqinisweni, ngemva kokutheleleka nge-'Parvovirus B19' nokuthola lelo bala elibomvu, igciwane alikwazi ukudluliselwa lisuka kulowo muntu liye komunye umuntu. Okusho ukuthi, ngemva kokuba ibala livele, ingane ngeke isabalalise lesi sifo kwabanye abantu.

Ingabe isifo sesihlanu singadala izinkinga?

Isifo sesihlanu asivamile ukubangela izinkinga ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abaphilile, okusho ukuthi abantu abaningi bayasinqoba bese beba ngcono.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungabangela izinkinga kubantu abanenkinga yegazi noma amasosha omzimba abuthaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igciwane lingathinta indlela umzimba okhiqiza ngayo amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, inani lamangqamuzana abomvu egazi lengane lingase lehle kakhulu, futhi kungadingeka ngisho nokumpontshelwa igazi.

Obani abasengozini ethile?

Izingane (kanye nabantu abadala) abanezimo ezilandelayo basengozini enkulu yezinkinga:

• Izimo zomdlavuza, isibonelo i-leukemia
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
• Izinhlobo ezithile ze-anemia, isibonelo i-sickle cell anemia kanye ne-thalassemia
• Abantu abaye batshalwa isitho

Uma ingane yakho inesimo sezempilo esingaphansi kwalesi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela ukuqubuka kwesifo sesihlanu noma ngokushesha nje lapho izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ezingaphambi kwaso ziqala.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona kubantu abadala

Cishe abantu abadala abayi-10% abangenwe yi-parvovirus B19 bahlakulela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-chronic parvovirus-associated arthritis, okuyi-arthritis eqhubekayo yamalunga amaningana (i-polyarthritis). Le nkinga ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunakwabesilisa.

Kuthiwani uma ngiba nesifo sesihlanu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Lokhu kuyinkinga komama abaningi. Uma uthola isifo sesihlanu (esibizwa nangokuthi i-parvovirus B19 infection) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungasidlulisela enganeni yakho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungase kube nezinkinga ezithile, njenge:

• Ukuphuphuma kwesisu
• Ukuzalwa komntwana eseshonile / ukufa kwangaphakathi kwesibeletho
• I-Hydrops fetalis (Lokhu ukunqwabelana koketshezi oluningi kakhulu, njengamanzi, ezicutshini nasezithweni zomntwana. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu)

Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezinjalo azivamile.Iningi labantu abadala nabesifazane abakhulelwe bavikelekile ekuthelelekeni nge-parvovirus B19 beseyizingane. Uma ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingozi yokulimaza ingane esanda kuzalwa icishe ibe ngu-2%. Ingozi ephezulu kakhulu yezinkinga ezivela ku-parvovirus B19 isesigabeni sesibili sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zingavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ngakho-ke, uma ukhulelwe futhi ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uke wahlangana nomuntu onesifo sesihlanu, kungcono ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Lesi sifo sesihlanu sitholakala kanjani?

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lokhu ngokubheka izimpawu zengane yakho. Ukuqubuka "kwesihlathi esishaywayo" kungenye yezimpawu eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Uma kuhambisana nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, udokotela angakwazi ukuxilonga isifo sesihlanu ehhovisi ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Akuvamile kakhulu, kudingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa isifo sesihlanu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo sesihlanu?

Izimpawu zesifo sesihlanu zivame ukuba ngcono phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile, noma ngokwelashwa okuncane kakhulu. Udokotela wengane yakho angase ancome imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC) ukusiza ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga. Izibonelo zifaka:

• I-'Acetaminophen' (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-paracetamol)
• Imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen

Uma unikeza lo muthi, kubalulekile ukulandela umthamo oqondile obekwe udokotela.

Uma ingane yakho inomzimba obuthakathaka futhi iba nesifo sesihlanu, kungase kudingeke ilaliswe esibhedlela ukuze ithole ukwelashwa.

Ingabe isifo sesihlanu singavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, awukho umuthi wokugomela isifo sesihlanu. Njengoba igciwane lisakazeka kalula ngamaconsi avela ekhaleni nasemlonyeni, inhlanzeko enhle iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokulivimbela. Ungenza okulandelayo ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi umndeni wakho uthole lesi sifo:

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Geza izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20.
• Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngendololwane yakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Uma usebenzisa ithishu, yilahle emgqonyeni kadoti ngokushesha ngemva kokusebenzisa.
• Gwema ukusondelana nomuntu onegciwane.

Le mikhuba ayisivikeli nje kuphela esifweni sesihlanu, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izifo eziningi.

Isifo Sesihlanu sihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukuqubuka kwesifo sesihlanu kufanele kuphele zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-5 kuya kweziyi-10 ngemva kokuvela kwaso.

Uma ingane yakho iba nokuqubuka kwesibili (okufana nephethini yeleyisi), kufanele kuphele ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kweziyi-10. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuqubuka kwesibili kungafika kudlule amasonto amaningana. Ukuqubuka kungaphinde kuvele ngemva kokuchayeka elangeni, ukuchayeka ekushiseni, noma ukuzivocavoca.

Ngingayibuyisela nini ingane yami esikoleni?

Ingane yakho cishe izosabalalisa igciwane kwabanye uma inezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba). Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukugcina ingane yakho ekhaya ngalezo zinsuku. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela ukuqubuka kwesifo sesihlanu (izihlathi ezibomvu), ingane yakho ayisathelelani. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho izizwa ingcono, ungayithumela esikoleni noma enkulisa ngemuva kokuba ukuqubuka kuvele.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho kungenzeka ukuthi ninesifo sesihlanu, noma uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi niye naleli gciwane, bona udokotela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela uma wena noma ingane yakho ninakho okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga
• Ukuqhuma okubuhlungu
• Uma ukhulelwe `(Ukukhulelwa)`
• Uma isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka `(Isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka)`
• Uma unesifo segazi (isb., i-sickle cell anemia, i-thalassemia)

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho inesifo sesihlanu, ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Singasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye isikhathi esingakanani?
• Kufanele ngigcine ingane yami ekhaya isikhathi esingakanani ingafundi?
• Kufanele ngihlale ekhaya isikhathi esingakanani ngingayi emsebenzini (uma ngingumuntu omdala)?
• Yini engingayenza ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungasabalali kwamanye amalungu omndeni?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngithole impumuzo kulesi simo mina noma ingane yami?
• Yini ongayenza ukuze unciphise izindawo ezilumayo kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga?
• Ingabe kufanele ngazise isikole sengane yami (noma indawo yami yokusebenza) ngalesi sifo?
• Kuyohlala isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kungcoliswa? Ingabe kungabuya?
• Yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga okufanele ngiziqaphele?

Nakuba indawo ebomvu ehlukile yesifo sesihlanu ingase ibukeke iyesabeka kancane, khumbula ukuthi yisimo sesikhashana esivame ukuxazululeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sesihlanu sithelelana kakhulu. Uma kukhona emndenini wakho onalezi zimpawu, khuluma nodokotela. Kungadingeka ukuthi uhlukanise ilungu lomndeni izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvimbele ukusabalala kwegciwane.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ake siphinde sixoxe ngamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Isifo Sesihlanu siwukutheleleka ngegciwane okuvamile ezinganeni ezincane.Uphawu oluyinhloko ukubomvu kwezihlathi.
• Lokhu kuyathelelana ngesikhathi sokuqala lapho kunezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Akuthelelani ngemva kokuba ukuqhuma kuvele ezihlathini.
• Esikhathini esiningi lokhu akukubi kangako, kumane kuba ngcono.
• Ukuhlanzeka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokukuvimbela. Akukho muthi wokugomela.
• Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, kanye nalabo abanezinkinga zegazi kufanele baqaphele kakhulu. Laba bantu kufanele babone udokotela ngokushesha.
• Uma ungabaza, ungesabi ukufuna iseluleko kudokotela.

Ngikufisela impilo enhle wena nomndeni wakho!

Isifo sesihlanu, i-Parvovirus B19, isifo sezihlathi ezishaywayo, izifo zobuntwana, amabala esikhumba, izifo ezithelelanayo, izihlathi ezibomvu