Ingabe uyalunywa yibala elingajwayelekile esikhumbeni sakho? Kungaba yisifo se-Extramammary Paget's Disease (EMPD)!

Wake waphawula ibala elibomvu, elinoqweqwe, ngezinye izikhathi elinoqweqwe esikhumbeni sakho, ikakhulukazi embotsheni, emakhwapheni, noma endaweni yokuzala? Kubonakala sengathi likhula kancane kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi liyaluma, akunjalo? Kulungile, ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo sesikhumba esikhethekile esinjengaleso. Odokotela basibiza ngokuthi i-Extramammary Paget's Disease , noma i-EMPD ngamafuphi. Kuyinto engavamile kancane, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Kuyini Isifo Se-Extramammary Paget (EMPD)?

Kalula nje, i-EMPD yisifo sesikhumba esingavamile. Ngezinye izikhathi singahlotshaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Kodwa lokho akuhlali kunjalo. Yisimo lapho isikhumba sakho siba bomvu, sibe namaxolo, noma sibe namaqhubu bese sikhula sibe sikhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi singase singatholakali iminyaka eminingi ngemva kokuqala kwesifo.

Ibizwa ngokuthi "Isifo SikaPaget" ngemuva kukaSir James Paget, udokotela waseBrithani ohlakaniphile wekhulu le-19. Igama lakhe lisetshenziswe kwezinye izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza ngenxa yeminikelo yakhe emkhakheni wezifo. Igama elithi "extramammary" lisho "ngaphandle kwebele." Lokhu akufanele kudidaniswe nesifo sikaPaget sebele.

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-7% no-40% wabantu abaneSifo se-Extramammary Paget bangase babe nomdlavuza ongaphansi . Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, i-EMPD ayisona njalo isibonakaliso sesinye isifo. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu zakho futhi kusize ekutholeni umdlavuza ongaphansi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-EMPD?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-EMPD:

1. I-EMPD Eyinhloko: Lesi yisimo sesikhumba esenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Siqala esikhumbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile.

2. I-EMPD yesibili: Lokhu kubangelwa umdlavuza ongaphansi kwenye indawo emzimbeni.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa i-EMPD?

Noma ubani angathuthukisa i-EMPD, kodwa ivame kakhulu emaqenjini alandelayo:

• Abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka -50 no-80 .
• Okuvamile phakathi kwabesifazane .
• Kungabonakala naphakathi kwamadoda ase-Asia .
• Abantu abamhlophe .

Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka nge-EMPD?

Yini ebangela i-EMPD eyinhloko?

Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, odokotela abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-EMPD eyinhloko. Basola ukuthi ingaqala ezinhlotsheni ezithile zamaseli emizimbeni yethu. Lezi zinhlobo zamaseli zifaka:

• Amaseli e-Apocrine gland duct: Lawa angama-sweat glands futhi atholakala eduze kwama-hair follicles.
• Amaseli okuqala e-Keratinocyte: Lawa amaseli asiza ekulungiseni isikhumba.
• Amaseli e-Toker: Lawa amaseli atholakala esikhumbeni (`izicubu ze-vulvar`) azungeze ingono kanye nomnyango wesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

Yini ebangela i-EMPD yesibili?

I-EMPD yesibili ibangelwa umdlavuza kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Kuthiwa umdlavuza wamathumbu uyimbangela cishe ingxenye yesithathu yamacala e-EMPD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingabangela i-EMPD yesibili:

• Umdlavuza wendunu
• Umdlavuza wesinye
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho
• Umdlavuza we-prostate
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho

Ziyini izimpawu ze-EMPD?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-EMPD ukuqubuka kwesikhumba okufana ne-eczema . Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi cishe ku-65% weziguli ezine-EMPD, kwenzeka eduze kwe-vulva , kanti cishe ku-20%, kwenzeka eduze kwe-anus .

Ungase ubone izindawo esikhumbeni sakho ezinalezi zici:

• Njengoqweqwe (`Oluqhekekile`)
• Kuphenduke kwaba bomvu (`Bomvu`)
• I-Scaly

Amabala akhula kancane kancane, futhi angaba nemiphetho engajwayelekile. Njengoba i-EMPD iqhubeka, izilonda ezijulile noma amaqhubu angavela. Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• Umuzwa wokushisa
• Isikhumba sibomvu futhi sizwakala sicasukile .
• Kuyaluma
• Kubuhlungu noma kuthambile
• Isikhumba esivuvukile (edema)

I-EMPD ivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona izindlala zakho zokujuluka (ikakhulukazi izindlala zesikhumba ze-apocrine). Ivame ukubonakala eduze komgodi wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ingavela futhi kulezi zindawo:

• Eduze kwendunu (`indunu`)
• Umthondo
• I-Perineum
• I-Scrotum

Akuvamile kakhulu, i-EMPD ingabonakala nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njenge:

• Isisu
• Ikhwapha
• Inkinobho yesisu
• Izinqe
• Indlebe, ijwabu leso, ubuso noma isikhumba sekhanda
• Isifuba esingezansi
• Idolo noma ithanga

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi cishe abantu abayi-10% abanesifo sikaPaget esingaphandle kwamabele abanazo izimpawu .

Lesi simo se-EMPD sitholakala kanjani?

Okokuqala, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uma besola ukuthi une-EMPD, bazokwenza okulandelayo:Kwenziwa i-biopsy yesikhumba. I-biopsy ihilela ukuthatha isampula encane yesikhumba sakho bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Uma ebheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope, isazi sezifo sibheka amangqamuzana akhethekile, amakhulu, angajwayelekile abizwa ngokuthi "amaseli e-Paget." Futhi ahlonza lawa maseli ngokubheka indlela asabela ngayo kumakhemikhali ahlukahlukene (immunohistochemistry).

Uthola kanjani ukuthi unomdlavuza one-EMPD?

Ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi une-EMPD, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze ahlole umdlavuza oyisisekelo. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound (`I-Ultrasound`)
• Ukuhlolwa kwebele (i-mammogram)
• I-Pap smear
• I-Colonoscopy noma i-proctoscopy
• Ukuskena kwe-CT
• I-Cystoscopy (ukuhlolwa kwesinyi)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-prostate
• I-retrograde pyelogram (ukuhlolwa kwezinso kanye nomgudu womchamo)
• I-Ultrasound noma i-biopsy yenaliti yama-lymph node
• I-endoscopy ephezulu (ukuhlolwa komphimbo, umphimbo, kanye nesisu)

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-EMPD?

Odokotela bavame ukwelapha isifo sikaPaget esingaphandle kwamabele ngokuhlinzwa.

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ungqimba lwesikhumba oluthintekile ngengqimba, elondoloza isikhumba esizungezile esinempilo.
• Ukususwa kwendawo okubanzi: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa indawo ye-EMPD kanye nezicubu ezithile ezinempilo ezizungezile. Amaphethelo esilonda abe esethungwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abahlinzayo kufanele basuse indawo enkulu yesikhumba nezinye izicubu. Abanye abantu abane-EMPD ezungeze i-vulva kungadingeka basuswe ingxenye noma yonke i-vulva (i-'vulvectomy').

Cabanga ngalokhu: Uma ungakwazi ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yesinye isimo sempilo noma impilo embi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nalezi:

• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
• Ukulungiswa kabusha kwesikhumba nge-laser
• Ukwelashwa nge-Photodynamic (PDT)
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Imithi yokwelapha umdlavuza (imithi ebulala amagciwane)

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma kukhona umdlavuza ongaphansi, kumele welashwe ngokwehlukana.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-EMPD?

Ngeshwa, akukho esingakwenza ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba ne-EMPD.

Hlobo luni lwekusasa umuntu one-EMPD angalulindela?

Ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-EMPD, kuzodingeka ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wakho ukuze akulandele. Lokhu kuzoncika ekutheni i-EMPD yayikuphi. Kuvamile ukuthi i-EMPD ibuye endaweni efanayo lapho yayilashwe khona ngaphambilini. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.

Isifo sika-Extramammary Paget asivamile kakhulu lapho sisakazeka khona (sisakazeka) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi singasakazeka kuma-lymph node noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Udokotela wakho angachaza kangcono ukuthi yini engenzeka esimweni sakho.

Ingabe i-EMPD ingabuya ngemva kokuba isipholile?

Yebo, i-EMPD yisimo esingaphinde sibuye ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa nokululama, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi. Ngezinye izikhathi singabuya ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15. Yingakho odokotela bencoma ukuqapha isikhathi eside nokuhlolwa njalo.

Uma ngine-EMPD, ngizinakekela kanjani?

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuqhubeka uya kudokotela wakho ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela njalo. Uma udokotela wakho ebona izimpawu zokubuya kwe-EMPD, angaqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha ze-EMPD, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, unamahloni, futhi ukhungathekile uma ubona ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma iqhubu endaweni ebucayi yomzimba wakho, njengezitho zakho zangasese. Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Extramammary Paget's Disease (EMPD), ngezinye izikhathi singadidaniswa nezinye izimo zesikhumba, ngakho-ke kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile. Uma kukhona umdlavuza oyisisekelo, i-EMPD ingaba yingozi nakakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi labantu abane-EMPD baphila impilo ejwayelekile negcwele ngemva kokwelashwa. I-EMPD ivame ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Uma kukhona umdlavuza oyisisekelo, lokho kuzodingeka futhi kwelashwe. Njengoba i-Extramammary Paget's Disease ingaphinde ivele, ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wakho kungasiza ekutholeni kusenesikhathi uma ibuya.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-EMPD yisifo sesikhumba esingavamile esingase sihlotshaniswe nomdlavuza.
• Qaphela noma yiziphi izindawo zesikhumba ezibomvu, ezinamaxolo, eziqinile, noma eziphakanyisiwe, ikakhulukazi ezizungeze izitho zangasese, amakhwapha, noma indunu. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukulunywa, ukusha, kanye nobuhlungu.
• Uma ubona uphawu olufana nalolu , ungabi namahloni noma wesabe, kodwa bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• I-EMPD itholakala nge-biopsy yesikhumba.
• Ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu.
• Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha, njengoba i-EMPD ingaphinde ivele.
• Ungakhathazeki, abantu abaningi abane-EMPD baphila kahle ngemva kokwelashwa. Isihluthulelo ukuthola ukuthi unesifo esingakanani bese uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Angakunikeza iseluleko esifanele wena.

Isifo se - Extramammary Paget, i-EMPD, izifo zesikhumba, umdlavuza wesikhumba, amaseli e-Paget, amabala esikhumba, ukulunywa, i-vulva, indawo ye-perianal, izifo zesikhumba, ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mohs