Wake wambona umntwana wakho elwela ukuthatha ithoyizi elincane? Noma ukuthi ulwela kanjani ukubopha ihembe lakhe noma ukubopha izintambo zezicathulo zakhe? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngekhono elimangalisayo neliyinkimbinkimbi ngemuva kwale misebenzi elula esivame ukuyenza ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngamakhono amahle okunyakaza komzimba.
Kalula nje, ayini lawa makhono okunyakaza okuhle?
Kalula nje, lokhu kubhekisela ekunyakazeni okuhle kakhulu, okunembile, nokulawulwayo esikwenzayo ngezandla zethu, iminwe, izinzwane, nezinzwane. Uma sivame ukukhuluma ngalokhu, sicabanga ngezandla neminwe isikhathi esiningi. Njengokusebenzisa umunwe wakho wokukhomba nesithupha ukuze uqoqe into encane.
Kodwa lokhu akuyona nje enye into. Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ubuchopho bethu, imizwa, imisipha, kanye namalunga konke kusebenza ndawonye, njengeqembu lomculo, futhi kusebenza ngokubambisana okuphelele ukwenza lokhu kunyakaza okucashile.
Kunezinto eziningana ezibalulekile zalokhu kulawula kahle kwemoto:
- Ukwazi nokuhlela: Ukucabanga ngento ethile ngaphambi kokuyenza nokuhlela ukunyakaza okudingekayo engqondweni yakho.
- Ukuhlanganisa: Ukuba nokuxhumana okuhle phakathi kwamehlo, ubuchopho kanye nemisipha.
- Amandla emisipha: Imisipha emincane eminweni nasezandleni inamandla anele.
- Umuzwa ojwayelekile: Umuzwa omuhle wokuthinta ezandleni naseminweni.
- Ukunemba/Ubuchule: Ikhono lokwenza okudingekayo ngokunembile nangokucophelela.
Izinkinga zamakhono okunyakaza okuhle zingavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa njengodokotela, sikunaka kakhulu lokhu uma sikhuluma ngokukhula kwengane . Kunezindawo ezine eziyinhloko zokukhula kwengane. Lawa makhono okunyakaza amahle angewokuqala.
1. Intuthuko yomzimba
2. Ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo
3. Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi
4. Intuthuko yezenhlalo neyomzwelo
Sibheka ngokucophelela intuthuko yengane ukuze sibone ukuthi la makhono athuthuka yini eneminyaka efanele nangendlela efanele. Ngoba ukubambezeleka kwala makhono ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo esithile sezinzwa noma somzimba esingaphansi. Ngakho-ke lapho sisheshe sithole into efana naleyo, kulapho sisheshe sithole usizo ingane eludingayo.
Kungani lamakhono ebaluleke kangaka?
Cabanga nje... Izimpilo zethu beziyoba njani ukube besingenawo la makhono amahle okunyakaza? Kusukela ekuxubheni amazinyo ethu ekuseni, ekudleni irayisi eligcwele umlomo, ekwenzeni inkomishi yekhofi, ekugqokeni ihembe, ekuthumeleni umlayezo ocingweni lwethu, sidinga leli khono cishe kukho konke esikwenzayo.
Lawa makhono abalulekile ekuzimeleni kwethu nasekuzinakekeleni . Ayadingeka nasezintweni esizenzayo ukuze sizijabulise, njengokudlala insimbi yomculo, ukudweba, noma ukudlala imidlalo yekhompyutha.
Kumntwana, lokhu kubalulekile emsebenzini wesikole. Leli khono libalulekile ezintweni ezifana nokubamba ipensela nokubhala, ukusika ngesikele, nokudweba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa imisebenzi eminingi esiyenzayo njengabantu abadala nayo idinga leli khono. Cabanga ngomuntu osebenzisa ikhompyutha, udokotela ohlinzayo, noma uchwepheshe osebenza ngemishini ebucayi.
Yiziphi i-Fine Motor Skills esizisebenzisayo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke?
Ake sibheke ithebula elingezansi ukuze sibone imisebenzi esiyenzayo nsuku zonke nokuthi idinga kanjani leli khono.
| Umsebenzi | Indlela yokusebenzisa amakhono okunyakaza okuhle |
|---|---|
| Ukubamba ipensela noma ipeni bese ubhala/udweba | Ukubamba ipensela kahle ngeminwe bese uyihambisa ngokulawula. |
| Ukusika okuthile ngesikele | Ukulawula izikele ngesandla esisodwa, kanye nokuphatha iphepha ngesinye. |
| Ukuzipha/Ukufaka iziphu | Ubambe inkinobho encane, usebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuyivula imbobo. |
| Ukudla ngesipuni noma ngefoloko | Ukubamba isipuni ngendlela efanele bese uletha ukudla emlonyeni. |
| Ukuthayipha kukhibhodi yekhompyutha | Ukuhambisa umunwe ngamunye ngokwehlukana, ukuze uwubeke kukhiye ofanele. |
| Ukubopha izintambo zezicathulo | Sebenzisa izandla zombili ndawonye, bamba izintambo bese ubopha ifindo eliyinkimbinkimbi. |
Indlela amakhono okunyakaza okuhle kwengane athuthuka ngayo ngokweminyaka (Izinyathelo Zokukhula)
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane, amakhono athile akhula cishe eminyakeni ethile. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'Izinyathelo Zokukhula'. Kodwa khumbula lokhu, akuzona zonke izingane ezifanayo . Ezinye izingane zingathatha isikhathi eside ukufeza lezi zinto. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa lokhu kuzokusiza uthole umbono ongemuhle.
| Ubudala | Amakhono alindelekile |
|---|---|
| Izinyanga ezingu-0 - 3 | I-reflex yokubamba, ukuletha isandla emlonyeni lapho kufakwa okuthile esandleni. |
| Izinyanga ezi-3 - 6 | Ukuhlanganisa izandla, ukushaya amathoyizi alengayo, ukubamba nokushukumisa ithoyizi. |
| Izinyanga eziyi-6 - 12 | Ukudlulisa into isuka esandleni esisodwa iye kwesinye, ucosha izinto ezincane ngomunwe wokukhomba nesithupha (ukubamba nge-pincer). |
| Iminyaka eyi-1 - 2 | Ukubeka amabhlogo amaningana phezu komunye nomunye, ukuphenya amakhasi encwadi, ukubamba ikhrayoni nokudweba imigqa. |
| Iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3 | Ukuzama ukubopha ubuhlalu obukhulu, ukuzama ukusonta nokukhumula izinto ezifana nesivalo sebhodlela lamanzi. |
| Iminyaka emi-3 - 5 | Ukusika iphepha ngesikele, ukubamba ipensela kahle ngeminwe emithathu, nokufaka izinkinobho. |
Singamsiza kanjani umntwana wethu ukuba athuthukise la makhono?
Eqinisweni, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa amakhono okunyakaza kwengane ukuyivumela idlale . Ngesikhathi idlala, ingane izijwayeza la makhono ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Ungenza izinto ezilula ezinjengalezi kanye nengane yakho.
Kwabantwana Abancane/Abancane
- Amathoyizi e-Play-doh (ubumba): Ukwenza amabhola amancane nge-Play-doh, ukuwachoboza, nokwenza imiqulu emide kuyindlela enhle yokuzivocavoca iminwe.
- Ukudlala ngamaBlocks: Ukwakha imibhoshongo ngokubeka amabhlogo amakhulu phezu komunye nomunye bese uwabamba kuthuthukisa ikhono lesandla.
- Ukudlala ngamanzi: Faka amanzi esitsheni, faka isiponji bese usivumela sinyakaze. Kuhle futhi ukuthulula amanzi ezinkomishini.
- Ukudweba iminwe: Lokhu kuyinto izingane ezikujabulelayo ukuyenza. Kunikeza iminwe umuzwa omuhle kanye nokulawula.
Kwabantwana Abangakayi esikoleni
- Ukuluka ubuhlalu: Banike ubuhlalu obunezimbobo ezinkulu kanye nentambo ebanzi bese ubavumela babuhlanganise ndawonye. Lokhu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlangana kwesandla namehlo.
- Ukusika ngesikere: Nika izingane izikere zokuphepha bese uzivumela zisike ephepheni elinemigqa. Zijwayeze ukusika imigqa elula kuqala, bese ubumba njengezindilinga nezikwele.
- Amathoyizi e-Lego: Ukuhlanganisa nokuhlukanisa izingcezu ezincane ze-Lego kuhle kakhulu ekuqiniseni iminwe kanye nokunemba.
- Usizo ngokupheka: Bandakanya ingane yakho emisebenzini elula njengokuxova inhlama ye-chapati noma ukuqoba imifino ngesandla.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungamphoqi umntwana ukuba enze lezi zinto. Kuwukumvumela ukuba enze lezi zinto njengomdlalo, ngokuzijabulisa.
Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezingathinta amakhono okunyakaza okuhle?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, noma iyiphi inkinga ethinta ubuchopho, umgogodla, imizwa, imisipha, noma amalunga ingathinta la makhono okunyakaza okuhle. Umphumela ungahluka kusukela komnene kuya konzima. Kungathatha isikhathi eside ukucindezela inkinobho, noma kungase kungenzeki nhlobo ukukwenza.
Kunezimo eziningi ezingabangela lokhu. Ezinye zazo zingelapheka noma zilawulwe ngokwelashwa. Ezinye zazo zingabangela nezinkinga ezingapheli.
Ezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu ezibonakala ezinganeni yilezi:
- Isifo se-Autism Spectrum
- Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo
- Ukulibaziseka Kokuthuthukiswa
- I-Down Syndrome
- Izinkinga zokubhala (i-Dysgraphia)
- Isifo Sokucubungula Izinzwa
Izimo ezivame ukuthinta abantu abadala nezingane:
- Izimo zofuzo
- Isimila sobuchopho
- Ukungasebenzi Kwemisipha
- Ukulimala kwamathambo, amalunga, noma imizwa
- Isifo sohlangothi
- Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okubuhlungu
Izimo ezivamile phakathi kwabantu abadala:
- Isifo Samathambo Esibangelwa Yi-Rheumatoid
- I-Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
- I-Peripheral Neuropathy (isifo sezinzwa esithinta izandla nezinyawo)
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma kunenkinga? Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela?
Kungaba yinto edidayo ekuqaleni ukuzwa ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ninenkinga ethile ngala makhono okunyakaza okuhle. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi kunezindlela eziningi namadivayisi okuzivumelanisa nalezi zinkinga nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula.
Kukhona uchwepheshe ongakusiza ngalokhu. Lowo ngumelaphi wezokwelapha osebenzayo. Basiza abantu babo bonke ubudala ukuthuthukisa ikhono labo lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngokuzimela nangokulula. Bazokufundisa ukuzivocavoca, imisebenzi kanye namadivayisi akhethekile ongawasebenzisa ekhaya.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho uma usola ukuthi kunenkinga.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho:
- Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ayifinyeleli ezingeni lokukhula elifanele iminyaka yayo , ungesabi futhi ukhulume nodokotela wezingane ngalokhu. Uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akunike iseluleko esifanele.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho nilahlekelwa yikhono ababelikwazi kahle (ukuhlehla) , okusho ukuthi ayisakwazi ukwenza into eyayikwazi ukuyenza kahle ngaphambili, kuyisimo okufanele sibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha , njengoba kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi esingaphansi.
Khumbula, la makhono okunyakaza komzimba athuthuka kancane kancane kusukela ekuzalweni. La makhono athuthuka ngokuvumela ingane ukuthi idlale futhi ihlole indawo ezungezile. Njengabazali, singangeza eminye imisebenzi elula nejabulisayo esisiza kulokhu. Uma unokungabaza noma imibuzo, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amakhono okunyakaza abalulekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi yansuku zonke nasekuphileni ngokuzimela.
- Ingane ngayinye ikhula ngesivinini sayo, ngakho gwema ukuyiqhathanisa nezinye izingane. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinyathelo ezivamile zokukhula.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa la makhono enganeni ukuyibandakanya emidlalweni elula nejabulisayo efana ne-Play-doh, amabhlogo, kanye nokushaya ubuhlalu.
- Uma unenkinga mayelana nokukhula kwengane yakho noma ukulahlekelwa ikhono ngokuzumayo, thintana nodokotela wezingane ngokushesha.
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