Ingabe ingane yakho inale nkinga? Ingabe amathumbu aphumile? - Ake sifunde nge-Gastroschisis

Ingabe ingane yakho yazalwa inengxenye encane yamathumbu ayo ephumayo? Kuvamile ukuthi noma yimuphi umama noma ubaba akhathazeke uma ebona into efana nale. Kodwa uma unolwazi olufanele ngalokhu, akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Gastroschisis. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengesifo esikhulu uma usizwa, kodwa ake sixoxe ngakho kalula.

Kuyini i-Gastroschisis? Masiqonde kalula

Cabanga nje, lapho umntwana efika kuleli zwe, kuphuma ingxenye encane yamathumbu akhe (okungukuthi, isisu, amathumbu amancane, kanye namathumbu amakhulu)? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-gastroschisis. Lesi yisimo sokuzalwa. Leli thumba liphuma emgodini omncane esiswini somntwana, ngokuvamile cishe amasentimitha amabili kuya kwayisihlanu, ngale nje kwentambo yesisu.

Lokhu kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwempilo yengane. Okusho ukuthi, lapho udonga lwesisu lomntwana lungakheki ngokugcwele, kusala isikhala esincane, bese lesi sitho siphuma kuso. Bese kuthi, amathumbu aphumile antante oketshezini lwe-amniotic, oluwuketshezi olumanzi ngaphakathi kwesibeletho sikamama. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zitho zingavuvukala kancane futhi zibangele izifo ezincane.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kulesi simo, ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuze kubuyiselwe izitho zomntwana emzimbeni futhi kuvalwe imbobo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Gastroschisis ne-Omphalocele?

Kukhona esinye isifo sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Omphalocele. Lokhu kuhilela nezitho zesisu zomntwana eziphuma emgudwini wokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalokhu okubili.

• I-Gastroschisis: Lapha, amathumbu aphuma ngaphandle kwesimbozo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathumbu abonakala ngqo.
• I-Omphalocele: Lapha, izitho eziphumayo zimbozwe ulwelwesi oluncane.

Odokotela bavame ukubona lo mehluko ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.

Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athinteke yilesi simo?

Imbangela eqondile ye-gastroschisis ayikatholakali okwamanje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma yimuphi owesifazane okhulelwe unethuba lokuyithola enganeni yakhe. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo (isibonelo, izifundo ezenziwe yi-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC) zibonise ukuthi izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi. Lezi zifaka:

• Omama abakhulelwa besebancane kakhulu: Okusho ukuthi, labo ababa omama besebancane.
• Ukusebenzisa ugwayi, ukuphuza utshwala, noma ezinye izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Lezi yizinto eziyingozi esezitholakale kuze kube manje. Kodwa khumbula, lesi simo singavela nakubantu abangenzi lutho lwalezi zinto.

Ivame kangakanani i-gastroschisis?

Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu ngempela.Isibonelo, eMelika, lesi simo sithinta cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-2,000 ezizalwa minyaka yonke. Lokhu akuvamile naseSri Lanka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Gastroschisis?

Umama angase angabi nazo izimpawu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kungabonisa okulandelayo ohlangothini lomntwana:

• Isisu somntwana, amathumbu amancane, noma amathumbu amakhulu kubonakala sengathi angaphandle komzimba .
• Amathumbu aphume angase avuvuke .
• Ngezinye izikhathi amathumbu angasontwa ndawonye .
• Ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana , izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakhe lingase lehle (i-hypothermia).

Yini ebangela i-gastroschisis?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imbangela eqondile yalokhu ayaziwa okwamanje. Yilokho nje: Njengoba umntwana ekhula esibelethweni, udonga lwesibeletho alukhi ngokugcwele. Yileso sizathu esiyinhloko salokhu. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuvimbela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa.

I-Gastroschisis itholakala kanjani?

Lesi simo sitholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Sivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile okwenziwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-18 nama-20 okukhulelwa. Yiziphi lezi zivivinyo?

• I-Ultrasound: Lokhu kuhlola kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuze kubonakale ngokucacile izicubu zomzimba wakho, kanye nomntwana. Kungabonisa nokuthi amathumbu aphumile yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Izinto ezithile egazini likamama ziyalinganiswa. Ikakhulukazi, uma izinga leprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-alpha-fetoprotein liphakeme kunejwayelekile (ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamasonto ayi-18-22), kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-gastroschisis.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa kwesithombe. Kungathatha izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane eminingi zangaphakathi lomzimba wakho kanye nomntwana wakho. Akuwona wonke umuntu okudingayo lokhu, kodwa odokotela bangase bakuncome kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Gastroschisis?

Ngisho noma lesi simo sitholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukwelashwa kungaqala kuphela ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.

Ukuhlinzwa kuyimpoqo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukubuyisela izitho zomntwana emzimbeni kanye nokuvala imbobo eduze kwentambo yesisu. Lokhu kuzovimba izitho ukuthi zingaphinde ziphume.

Kuye ngokuthi isimo somntwana sibucayi kangakanani nokuthi zingaki izitho zomzimba eziphumile, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa:

1. Ukulungiswa okuyinhloko: Uma kungenzeka, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa bese kufakwa izitho zomzimba ukuze kuvalwe imbobo esiswini. Yilokhu okuvame ukulingwa.

2. Ukulungiswa okuhleliwe:Uma isimo se-gastroschisis siyinkimbinkimbi kancane, okusho ukuthi ingane ayiphilile ngokwanele ukumelana nokuhlinzwa, noma kungekho ndawo eyanele esiswini somntwana yokwamukela zonke lezi zitho ngesikhathi esisodwa, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukuhlinzwa ngezigaba.

Kusukela ngesikhathi umntwana ezalwa kuze kube yilapho ehlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo womntwana umboza izitho eziphumayo esikhwameni sepulasitiki esikhethekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-silo . Lokhu kuvimbela izitho ukuthi zingangenwa yigciwane, zome, futhi zonakale.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe ukuze kwakhiwe kabusha imisipha yesisu noma amathumbu engane.

Ingabe zikhona izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Yebo, kunezinkinga ezithile ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastroschisis. Ziyini?

• Ukutheleleka endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
• Ubunzima bokudla.

Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, umntwana angadinga ukunceliswa ngomjovo we-intravenous (IV), njenge-saline , noma ngepayipi le-nasogastric kuze kube yilapho esekwazi ukudla kahle futhi.

Ingabe izinkinga zamathumbu zingavela ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-gastroschisis?

Cishe ama-25% ezinsana ezizalwa zine-gastroschisis zingase zibe nezinkinga ezithile ngokuthuthukiswa kwamathumbu azo. Lokhu kungadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe ukuze kwelashwe. Izibonelo:

• Ukususwa kwamathumbu: Ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwezingxenye zamathumbu ezonakele.
• Ileostomy noma i-Colostomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye eyodwa yamathumbu odongeni lwesisu bese kufakwa isikhwama lapho ukuze kuqoqwe indle. Lokhu akudingekile kuwo wonke umuntu, kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile.

Yiziphi imiphumela emibi ye-Gastroschisis?

Izingane ezizalwa zine-gastroschisis zingase zibhekane nezinkinga ezithile zempilo kukho konke ukuphila kwazo:

• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: Izingane ezine-gastroschisis zivame ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, amathumbu omntwana angase abe mancane kwezinye izindawo, okungabangela ukuthi ukudla nendle kungadluli kahle.
• Isifo samathumbu amafushane: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ezinye izingane zinezingxenye ezimbalwa zamathumbu azo, okungenza kube nzima ngazo ukumunca kahle izakhamzimba ekudleni.

Ngingamyisa nini umntwana wami ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-gastroschisis?

Ngenxa yobunzima besimo sengane, yangeniswa eYunithi Yokunakekelwa Okujulile Kwezingane Ezisanda Kuzalwa (i-NICU) esibhedlela.Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela isikhathi esingamasonto amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. Lesi sikhathi sinqunywa ngokuqapha ngokucophelela amanxeba engane ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ayaphola kahle yini nokuthi iyakwazi yini ukudla nokugaya ukudla kahle. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe, ukuhlala esibhedlela kungaba isikhathi eside.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola umntwana one-gastroschisis?

Nakuba le ngozi ingenakuqedwa ngokuphelele, ukulandela ezinye izinto kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi:

• Gwema ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ungaphuzi utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ungasebenzisi imithi yokubulala izinhlungu (ikakhulukazi ama-opioid) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganiselayo .

Ukulandela lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho kanye neyengane yakho.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ingane yami ine-gastroschisis?

Lapho nje umntwana ezelwe, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuvalwe isisu ngokufaka izitho zakhe. Uma imbobo esiswini inkulu, odokotela bazofaka izitho kancane kancane ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingane yakho izonikezwa izakhamzimba ezine-IV (ezifakwa emthanjeni) kanye nama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kuze kube yilapho ilulama. Awukwazi ukunika ingane yakho ubisi lwebele noma ubisi lwefomula ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungaqala nini ukunikeza ingane yakho ubisi lwebele/ubisi lwefomula.

Ezimweni eziningi, uma ingane yakho inesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-gastroschisis kuphela, izolulama ngokugcwele futhi ikhule njenganoma yimuphi omunye umntwana. Kodwa-ke, kunengozi encane yokuthola izinkinga ezithile zokugaya ukudla kamuva ekuphileni. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu.

Ubeletha kanjani umntwana onesifo se-gastroschisis?

Kungcono ukubeletha ingane yakho esibhedlela esineyunithi yokunakekela izingane ezisanda kuzalwa (i-NICU) kanye nodokotela abangochwepheshe ekwelapheni lezi zimo. Izingane ezine-gastroschisis ngokuvamile zingazalwa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa kwe-C). Udokotela wakho wezifo zokubeletha uzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu enganeni yakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Uma indawo yokuhlinzwa ivuvukele futhi ibomvu .
• Uma kukhona okufana noketshezi oluphuma endaweni yokuhlinzwa.
• Uma uhlanza noma uma ungakhiphi kahle indle.

Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka noma ezinye izinkinga, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Yiziphi izinkinga zesikhathi eside ze-gastroschisis?
• Umntwana wami uzohlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
• Ngingaqala nini ukunikeza ingane yami ubisi lwebele noma ubisi lwebhodlela?

Kungethusa ukubona izitho zomntwana wakho ziphuma lapho ezalwa. Kodwa-ke, ingane yakho inethuba elingcono kakhulu lokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa ukuze ibuyisele izitho. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela konke futhi likuqondise ngenqubo yokuhlinzwa kanye nokululama.

## Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-Gastroschisis yilapho amathumbu omntwana, njengezitho zomzimba, ephuma ngembobo encane esiswini.
• Angisazi isizathu esiqondile salokhu.
• Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukwelashwa ukwenza ukuhlinzwa kokufaka isitho nokuvala imbobo.
• Iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo futhi likhule ngendlela evamile.
• Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Bazokusiza.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Odokotela nabahlengikazi bahlala bekhona ukukusiza wena nomntwana wakho.

` Isisu, ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, ukwehla kwamathumbu, impilo yengane, ukukhulelwa, ukuhlinzwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, ukunakekelwa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa