Kuvamile ukuthi odokotela baqale bakunike imithi evuselelayo yokwelapha i-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, le mithi ayifanele wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Kwabanye, le mithi ayisebenzi kahle njengoba kufanele. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna eminye imithi ye-ADHD, unezinketho ezimbalwa. Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho uzofaka isikhuthazi emuthini osuvele uwuthatha, noma bangakutshela ukuthi uthathe lo muthi wedwa ngaphandle kwesikhuthazi.
Yimiphi imithi engavuseleli i-ADHD?
Kalula nje, imithi engavuseleli i-ADHD ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. Izinto ezingezona ezivuselelayo eziphathelene ne-ADHD: Lezi zenzelwe ngqo ukwelapha i-ADHD futhi zivunyelwe leyo njongo.
2. Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi : Le mithi iyasiza futhi ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-ADHD kwabanye abantu.
3. Ama-antidepressant: Lawa asiza nge-ADHD ngokulawula amakhemikhali ebuchosheni. Awusizo kakhulu kubantu abane-ADHD nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
Imithi engavuseleli i-ADHD
I-Atomoxetine (Strattera) kanye ne-Viloxazine (Qelbree) zivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni, intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Zisebenza ngokwandisa amazinga ekhemikhali ebalulekile ebuchosheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-norepinephrine. Lokhu kuboniswe ukuthi kuthuthukisa isikhathi sokunaka futhi kunciphisa ukuziphatha okungenangqondo kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile .
Nakuba i-Clonidine ER (Kapvay) kanye ne-Guanfacine ER (Intuniv) zivunyelwe ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-17, odokotela nabo banikeza abantu abadala. Le mithi isebenza ngokugxila ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi inciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo futhi ithuthukisa ukunaka, inkumbulo yokusebenza , kanye nokulawula imizwa .
Yiziphi izinzuzo zalokhu kunemithi evuselelayo?
Ngokungafani nemithi evuselelayo, imithi engavuseleli imvamisa ibangela imiphumela emibi embalwa, njengokungaphumuli, ukuqwasha, noma ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Futhi ayinayo ingozi yokuba umlutha.
Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi imiphumela yemithi evuselelayo ingabonakala sengathi ifika ngokuzumayo bese iphela ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yemithi engavuseleli ivame ukuhlala isikhathi eside futhi ibushelelezi .
Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi yemithi engavuseleli ukucindezeleka.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona |
|---|---|
| I-Atomoxetine (i-Strattera) |
|
| Izingozi ezingavamile kodwa ezinkulu ze-Atomoxetine okufanele zibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha: | |
| I-Atomoxetine (eyingozi kakhulu) |
|
| I-Clonidine (i-Kapvay), i-Guanfacine (i-Intuniv), i-Viloxazine (i-Qelbree) |
|
| Izingozi ezingavamile kodwa ezinkulu zale mithi zifaka: | |
| I-Clonidine, i-Guanfacine, i-Viloxazine (enzima kakhulu) |
|
Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ingabangela ukozela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi izokuthinta kanjani ngaphambi kokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini esindayo .
Imithi Yokucindezela Kwegazi Esetshenziselwa I-ADHD
Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, njenge-Clonidine (Kapvay) kanye ne-Guanfacine hcl (Tenex), ingasiza futhi ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-ADHD. Ingathulisa izindawo ezithile zobuchopho.
Zisiza futhi ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi, ikakhulukazi leyo ebangelwa imithi evuselelayo, njengokungalali kahle kanye nokuziphatha okunolaka. Zingasetshenziswa zodwa noma zihlanganiswe nemithi evuselelayo.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona impikiswano mayelana nokunikeza lokhu kanye nemithi evuselelayo. Kube nemibiko yokufa ezinganeni ezithathe le mithi yomibili ndawonye. Akucaci ukuthi lokhu kufa kubangelwe yini ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi yomibili, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu lapho kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela enjalo.
Udokotela wakho uzokugada njalo. Uzothatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho ngokuhlola izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho (ECG) nokuhlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo. Uma izinzuzo zidlula izingozi, udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kwelashwa.
Imiphumela emibi yalokhu nokuthi obani okungafanele bayithathe
Imiphumela emibi eyinhloko yalokhu ukozela, umfutho wegazi ophansi, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nesiyezi. Akuvamile kakhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kungenzeka. Lokhu kungase kungakulungeli uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enomlando womfutho wegazi ophansi noma isifo senhliziyo.
Ama-antidepressants asetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-ADHD
Izinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokucindezeleka zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ADHD. Lezi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni noma kubantu abadala abanokucindezeleka kanye ne-ADHD.
Lokhu kungathuthukisa ukunaka, ukulawula ukushukuma, ukusebenza ngokweqile, kanye nolaka. Kodwa khumbula, akusebenzi kahle njengemithi evuselelayo noma engavuseleli ekuthuthukiseni ukunaka kanye nokugxilisa ingqondo.
Enye inzuzo yalokhu ukuthi banengozi ephansi yokulutha. Basebenza ngokwandisa amazinga ama-neurotransmitter ebuchosheni, njenge-'norepinephrine', 'serotonin', kanye ne-'dopamine'.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo:
- Ama-antidepressant e-Tricyclic: Imithi efana ne-`Desipramine` kanye ne-`Imipramine` ingeyaleli qembu. Nakuba le mithi isebenza kahle, ingabangela imiphumela emibi njengomlomo owomile kanye nokuqunjelwa.
- I-Bupropion (i-Wellbutrin): Lona futhi umuthi osebenza kahle kakhulu we-ADHD. Kodwa-ke, ungabangela izinkinga kubantu abakhathazekile noma abanesifo sokuwa.
- Ama-MAO inhibitors: Lawa awavamile ukusetshenziswa ngoba angaba nemiphumela emibi eyingozi. Acatshangelwa kuphela uma kungekho eminye imithi esebenzile.
Okubalulekile: I-FDA ixwayise ngokuthi imithi yokucindezeleka ingandisa kancane ingozi yemicabango yokuzibulala nokuziphatha ezinganeni nakubantu abasha. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Qaphela lezi zinto ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi engavuseleli ukucindezeleka.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha umuthi ongavuseleli ukucindezeleka, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngalokhu okulandelayo:
- Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa.
- Uma uthatha imithi yanoma yisiphi esinye isimo sezokwelapha (isib., umfutho wegazi, imithi yokucindezeleka, imithi yokudambisa ukucindezeleka).
- Uma usebenzisa izithasiselo zokudla, imithi yamakhambi, noma imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ophansi, isifo sokuwa, isifo senhliziyo, i-glaucoma, izinkinga zempilo yengqondo, isifo sesibindi).
- Uma uke waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi esikhathini esidlule.
- Uma unomlando wokulutheka ngezidakamizwa noma utshwala.
Uma wena nodokotela wakho seninqume ukuthi imithi engavuseleli ikulungele, thatha imithi njengoba nje kuchazwe, ngomthamo onconywayo . Udokotela wakho angenza nezinto ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ahlole ukuthi imithi isebenza kahle yini nokuthi kukhona yini izinkinga.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayigcini nje ngemithi evuselelayo. Kukhona nezinketho eziningi ezingavuseleli.
- Ukuze ukhethe ukwelashwa okufanele, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokwethembeka ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokwenyuka kwengcindezi yegazi ngokuzumayo. Yeka ukuthatha umuthi kancane kancane.
- Kungathatha amasonto ama-2-4 noma ngaphezulu ukuzwa imiphumela ephelele yale mithi, ngakho-ke yiba nesineke futhi uqhubeke nokuphuza ukwelashwa.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi engavamile noma enzima (ikakhulukazi ukuphuzi kwesikhumba, izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo, imicabango yokuzibulala).
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