Ingabe ulahlekelwa umbala emehlweni akho? (Pigment Dispersion Syndrome) - Ingabe lokhu kungaba imbangela ye-glaucoma (Pigmentary Glaucoma)?

Wake wacabanga ukuthi izinto ezincane zingakhululeka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho futhi zibangele izinkinga? Eqinisweni, izinhlayiya ze-pigment emehlweni ethu ngezinye izikhathi zingakhululeka futhi zivale izindlela zokungena koketshezi ngaphakathi kweso. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso iyakhula, okungaholela esimweni esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-glaucoma . Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye sezimo ezinjalo, i-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) kanye ne-Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) engaba khona ngenxa yaso.

Iyini i-pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) kanye ne-pigmentary glaucoma (PG)?

Kalula nje, lezi yizimo ezimbili zesifo esifanayo. I-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) yilapho umbala ose- iris yakho, onikeza amehlo akho umbala wawo, uqhekeka ube yizicucu ezincane bese uqala ukuntanta oketshezini olungaphakathi kweso lakho. Cabanga ngakho njengopende ophuma entweni endala yokhuni.

Uma lesi simo se -PDS siqhubeka isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka, singakhula sibe yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . Akuwona wonke umuntu one -PDS ozokhula abe ne-PG . Kodwa-ke, uma une -PDS isikhathi eside, kulapho ingozi yakho yokuthola i-PG iba nkulu khona.

I-pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) iholela kanjani ku-glaucoma?

Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukwazi okuncane ngalokho okwenzeka ngaphakathi kweso. I-iris yeso lakho iyisicubu esiyisicaba, esimise okwendandatho esiqukethe i-pigment ebizwa ngokuthi i-melanin , enikeza iso lakho umbala walo. Le iris inezikhala ezimbili ngaphambili nangemuva kwayo. Lezi zikhala zigcwele uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor . Ukucindezela kwalolu ketshezi yikho okugcina iso liyindilinga.

Uma une -PDS , i-iris yakho ayisakwazi ukubamba isimo sayo kahle futhi igoba kakhulu emuva. Ingemuva le-iris bese ligudla imicu yemisipha elawula isimo selensi yeso. Njengoba i-iris yakho ikhula futhi ifinyela (okungukuthi, i-iris ifinyela futhi ifinyela ukuze ivumelane nokukhanya), ama-pigment granules ku-iris ayakhululeka.

Ukuze kube sobala, la ma-pigment ayaqhekeka, njengoba nje umbala uqhekeka okhunini.

Izinhlayiya ze-pigment ezikhululekile ziyantanta ku -aqueous humor bese zithwalwa ziye kwezinye izingxenye zeso. Kukhona uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi ukuze lolu hlobo lwe-aqueous humor luphume esweni. Lubizwa ngokuthi i-trabecular meshwork . Izinhlayiya ze-pigment ezikhululekile zinganqwabelana kule- trabecular meshwork futhi zilimaze. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-aqueous humorUketshezi alukwazi ukuphuma kahle esweni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso ikhuphuke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamehlo . Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, kungagcina kuholele ku -glaucoma . Uma i-glaucoma ingelashwa, ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungenakuguqulwa, okubucayi ngisho nokungaboni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-PDS kanye ne-PG?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-PDS ayibangeli zimpawu. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, ngokuvamile zifana nezimpawu ezivamile ze-glaucoma . Zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu bamehlo
• Ukubomvu kwamehlo
• Ukuzwela ukukhanya ( i-photophobia )
• Ukubona ama-halo noma ukukhanya okuzungezile izibani

Abanye abantu bangase babhekane nokwanda kwesikhashana kokucindezeleka kwamehlo, ukubona okufiphele, noma ukukhanya okuzungeze ukukhanya, njengasesikhathini sokuzivocavoca. Kodwa lokhu kuzophela ngemva kwesikhashana.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-PDS?

Ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-PDS , kodwa sebethole izici eziningana ezingaba nomthelela kuyo.

• Izakhi zofuzo: Ucwaningo luthole ukuxhumana phakathi kokuguquka kwe-DNA ethile kanye ne -PDS/PG . Yingakho i-PDS kanye ne -PG zingasebenza emindenini. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukubikezela ukuthi kuzothuthuka kanjani.
• Ubudala: I-PDS ivame ukutholakala kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-50.
• Ubulili: Izimo ze-PDS kanye ne-PG zithinta kakhulu amadoda .
• Uhlanga: Abantu abamnyama noma abozalo lwase-Asia basengozini encane yokuthola i-PDS kanye ne -PG . Abantu abamhlophe basengozini enkulu.
• Ukubona eduze (i-Myopia): Abantu abane -myopia , okusho ukuthi abakwazi ukubona kude, basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-PDS kanye ne-PG . Uma ubona eduze kakhulu, kulapho amathuba okuba ne -PDS noma ingaphenduka i -PG .
• Ukwakheka kwamehlo: Uma igumbi lakho langaphambili lijulile, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube ne -PDS kanye ne -PG . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma igumbi lijulile, uketshezi oluningi lungaqongelela kulo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi iris "igobe" emuva, ibheke ilensi. Futhi, i-cornea eyisicaba ingaba yimbangela.
• Izinga lomsebenzi owedlulele: Ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile noma umsebenzi womzimba kanyeUcwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe -PDS/PG . Uma une -PDS noma i-PG , udokotela wakho wamehlo cishe uzobuza ngomsebenzi wakho womzimba. Uma izinga lomsebenzi wakho lithinta lesi simo, angase akucebise ukuthi usinciphise.

Kuyini Ukusabalala Kwemibala Yesibili?

Kunezinye izizathu ezenza ukuthi i-iris yakho ilahlekelwe umbala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-secondary PDS." Lokhu kuhlukile ku-"primary PDS." I-Primary PDS yilapho i-PDS ivela ngaphandle kwesinye isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, i-PG ingenzeka futhi ne-secondary PDS.

Ezinye izinto ezingabangela i-PDS yesibili yilezi:

• Izingozi emehlweni
• Izimila (ukukhula) ezakheka ngaphakathi kweso
• Ukususwa kwelensi yangaphakathi kweso (IOL )

Ungayibona kanjani i-PDS ne-PG?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola i-PDS ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu iwukuba uhlolwe iso njalo . Ezinye zezinguquko ngaphakathi kweso ezingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngenxa ye -PDS noma i-PG zifaka:

• I-Krukenberg spindle: Lona umugqa omncane, oqondile obukeka njengombala ofanayo ne -iris yakho, obonakala phambi kwe-pupil yakho. Wakheka lapho uketshezi luqhutshelwa phambili lapho ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso ikhuphuka, okubangela ukuthi ama-granule e-pigment axegayo anamathele ngaphakathi kwe-cornea.
• Ukukhubazeka kwe-Radial iris: Lezi yimigqa emincane ye-pigment evela ku-iris. Zibukeka njengezipoki zesondo lebhayisikili. Uchwepheshe wamehlo angazibona esebenzisa amasu okukhanyisa akhethekile.
• Ukushintsha umbala eduze komphetho wangaphandle we-iris: Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo angasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-gonioscopy ukuze abone ama-granule anombala abekwe lapho.

Ukuhlolwa okungase kusetshenziswe uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlolwa kwe-glaucoma ezingasiza ekuxilongeni i-PDS kanye ne -PG . Ezinye zalezi zenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Ezinye zikhethekile kancane. Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo uzokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezingcono kakhulu ukusiza ekuxilongeni noma ekususeni i-PDS kanye ne -PG .

Lezi zivivinyo ngokuvamile zingase zihlanganise okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesibani esinqunyiwe
• I-Tonometry ( ukulinganisa umfutho wamehlo)
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
• I-Pachymetry (ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea)
• I-Gonioscopy (ukuhlolwa kwe-engeli yokukhipha amanzi yeso)
• Ukuhlolwa kwensimu ebonakalayo ( ukuhlola umbono ongaphandle)

Iphathwa kanjani i-PDS kanye ne-PG?

Ukwelashwa kwe -PDS kanye ne -PG kufana kakhulu nokwelashwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze -glaucoma . Lokhu kwelashwa kungafaka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Imithi: Imithi ye-Glaucoma isebenza ngokunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kweso ngezindlela ezahlukene. Eminye imithi isebenza ngokukhulisa i-pupil yakho nokwandisa ukuphuma kwamanzi . Eminye isebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi . Lawa avame ukutholakala njengamaconsi amehlo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Glaucoma: Le nqubo ivame ukuzama ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza koketshezi kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-trabeculectomy , i-goniotomy, kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-laser.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane -PDS kanye ne -PG badinga ukusebenzisa indlela ehlanganisiwe ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa nge-laser kuhlanganiswe nemithi. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu uma imithi yodwa inganciphisi ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso ngokwanele.

Uchwepheshe wakho wamehlo ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ukukunikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha. Uzokweluleka ngokuthi ukwelashwa kuzokuthinta kanjani, yiziphi izinketho zakho, kanye nemiphumela emibi ongayilindela.

Uma nginalesi simo, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one- PDS ozokhula abe ne-PG . Kodwa-ke, ingozi iyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Cishe abantu abayi-10% abane -PDS bazokhula babe ne -PG zingakapheli iminyaka eyi-10. Ngemva kweminyaka eyi-15, lelo nani liyanda lifike ku-15%. Empilweni yonke, le ngozi iphakathi kuka-35% no-50%.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-PDS kanye ne -PG zivame ukuqala zisencane kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze- glaucoma , kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha lesi simo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ingxenye yalokho ukuqhubeka nokubona udokotela wakho wamehlo nokulandelela.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kungaba njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha, noma kanye ngonyaka, kuye ngesimo sakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole noma yikuphi ukwanda kokucindezeleka kwamehlo futhi ancome ukwelashwa ukuvimbela umonakalo noma okungenani ukuvimbela ukuthi ungabi mubi kakhulu.

EyakhoUkuqapha nokuphatha i -PDS noma i-PG njalo kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina umbono wakho. Ubumpumputhe obuhlala njalo buyinto engavamile kakhulu kubantu abalandela iseluleko sochwepheshe babo, abaya njalo ekuhlolweni, futhi baphathe isimo sabo.

Ingabe i-PDS noma i-PG ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela i-PDS kanye ne -PG . Ziyenzeka ngokungalindelekile, futhi abantu abaningi abazi nokuthi banalezi zimo kuze kube yilapho uchwepheshe ebona lezi zinguquko ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile, noma kuze kube yilapho kuvela izimpawu.

Uma ngine-PDS noma i-PG, ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une -PDS noma i-PG , kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze ulondoloze umbono wakho futhi uvimbele izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokulahlekelwa umbono:

• Bona udokotela wakho njengoba kunconywa. Ungaphuthelwa ukuhlolwa okuhleliwe .
• Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Sebenzisa imithi njengoba uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, nangenani elinqunyiwe.
• Uma udokotela wakho wamehlo ekuncoma, yenza izinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila. Isibonelo, nciphisa ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile.
• Uma ubona ushintsho embonweni wakho, uba nezimpawu ezintsha, noma unemibuzo mayelana nemithi yakho, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma uba nezimpawu ezithile zamehlo, udinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma ungelashwa, umonakalo wamehlo ongenakulungiseka ungavela. Ngemva kokuxilongwa, khuluma nochwepheshe wamehlo akho mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele kakhulu, ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma uba nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.

Izimpawu ezidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha yilezi:

• Izinguquko zombono, njengokubona okufiphele ngokuzumayo noma ukwehla kombono
• Ama-halo amasha noma abhebhethekayo noma ukukhanya okuzungeze izibani
• Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu bamehlo kanye/noma ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo (okuyingxenye noma okuphelele)

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho wamehlo:

• Ingabe isimo sami se-PDS sibi/sithuthuke kangakanani? Ingabe sesiphenduke i- PG ?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ozincomayo?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi okufanele ngiyilindele ekwelashweni? Yini engingayenza ukuze ngilawule noma nginciphise leyo miphumela emibi?
• Ingabe kudingeka ngenze noma yiziphi izinguquko endleleni yami evamile noma emisebenzini yami?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Une -Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) noma i-Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG).Ukuthola ukuthi une -glaucoma kungaba yinto eshaqisayo, ikakhulukazi uma uyiqala usemncane. Nakuba izinhlobo eziningi ze-glaucoma zikhula kamuva ekuphileni, i-PDS ne -PG zivame ukukhula kusenesikhathi. Nakuba lezi zimo zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezinye izinhlobo ze-glaucoma , kunezimo ezithile ezibalulekile. Kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuvamile kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, i-PDS ne-PG zingalawulwa futhi izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa umbono noma ubumpumputhe zingancishiswa noma zivinjelwe. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi futhi ulandele iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

I- Glaucoma, Isifo Sokusabalala Kwezingulube, I-Glaucoma Yezingulube, Impilo Yamehlo, Ukucindezeleka Kwamehlo, Ukubona, Izifo Zamehlo