Ubuchopho buyindawo emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Kukhona olunye uhlobo lweseli olusiza futhi lusekele amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi amangqamuzana e-glial. Ngezinye izikhathi, lawa maseli e-glial aqala ukukhula kakhulu ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Yilapho-ke amathumba, noma njengoba siwabiza kanjalo, akheka khona ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Sibiza amathumba akha ngale ndlela ngokuthi "glioma".
Ama-glioma awuhlobo lwesimila esiyinhloko. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akhula ngqo ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni, futhi awasakazekanga evela kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Awuhlobo lwesimila esiyingozi, esingasongela impilo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinhle ezitholakalayo zokuphatha lesi sifo. Udokotela wakho uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelapha oluhambisana nomzimba wakho, impilo yakho, nezidingo zakho, futhi uzochaza indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza.
Ama-glioma ahlukaniswa kanjani?
Odokotela bahlukanisa la ma-glioma ngokwezinga akhula ngalo ngokushesha. Babheka izinto eziningana zokwenza lokhu.
- Isimila sikhula ngokushesha kangakanani?
- Amangqamuzana alesi simila abukeka engajwayelekile kangakanani?
- Kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi lokhu kusabalale?
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zici, ama-glioma ahlukaniswa ngamabanga 1 kuya ku-4. Ibanga 1 uhlobo olukhula kancane. Ibanga 4 uhlobo olukhula ngokushesha kakhulu nolunolaka kakhulu. Lawa ahlukaniswe ngamabanga aphansi (amabanga 1 no-2) kanye namabanga aphezulu (amabanga 3 no-4). Uma i-glioma ephansi itholakala futhi yelashwa kusenesikhathi, ingalawulwa noma ivinjelwe ekubeni nolaka.
Ama-glioma ahlukaniswa ngokwezinhlobo zamaseli e-glial avela kuwo. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwe-glioma | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ama-astrocytomas | Lokhu kuvela kumaseli anesimo sezinkanyezi abizwa ngokuthi ama-astrocyte ebuchosheni bethu. Angahluka kusukela ekukhuleni kancane (okusezingeni eliphansi) kuya ekukhuleni okusheshayo (okusezingeni eliphezulu). |
| Ama-glioblastoma | Lolu uhlobo lwe-glioma olunolaka kakhulu nolukhula ngokushesha kakhulu (ibanga lesi-4 le-WHO). Futhi uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wobuchopho obulalayo kubantu abadala. |
| Ama-Ependymoma | Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu ezinganeni kunabantu abadala. Ngokuvamile lezi yizimila ezisezingeni eliphansi. |
| Ama-oligodendroglioma | Lolu uhlobo lwe-glioma olungavamile kakhulu, olusezingeni eliphansi. Luvame kakhulu kubantu abadala kunasezinganeni. |
La magama angase azwakale eyinkimbinkimbi kuwe. Kodwa asiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde kahle ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke ngamagama alula.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-glioma?
Izimpawu zesimila se-glioma ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi sitholakala kuphi ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni. Isibonelo, uma isimila sitholakala engxenyeni yobuchopho elawula ukukhuluma, kungaba nzima ukukhuluma. Yilokho kanye. Kodwa kunezimpawu ezithile ezivamile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, ungesabi ukuthi une-glioma ngoba nje unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu. Zingavela nakwezinye izimo eziningi. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, bheka udokotela ngokushesha.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu elihlala isikhathi eside eliba libi kakhulu ikakhulukazi ekuseni futhi elingaphenduli emithini yobuhlungu evamile. |
| Ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu | Isicanucanu nokuhlanza okuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. |
| Izinguquko zombono | Ukubona okufiphele, ukubona okukabili, noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yomzimba | Ubunzima bokuhamba, isiyezi, ukungakwazi ukugcina ibhalansi. |
| Ukuquleka | Izimo ezifana nokuquleka okungazelelwe. |
| Izinguquko ekuziphatheni nasebuntwini | Intukuthelo engazelelwe, ukudabuka (ukucindezeleka), ukuphazamiseka, noma ushintsho olucacile ebuntwini. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokucabanga | Ukungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amagama (i-aphasia), ubunzima bokukhumbula, ukufunda, noma ukucabanga. |
| Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba | Ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba (i-Hemiparesis). |
Yini ebangela i-glioma? Ingabe zikhona izinto eziyingozi?
Kalula nje, ama-glioma abangelwa izinguquko zofuzo kumaseli e-glial. Kodwa odokotela abakazi kahle ukuthi kungani lezi zinguquko zenzeka.
Lokhu akuyona into esingayivimbela. Kodwa-ke, ukubona udokotela ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu nokufuna ukwelashwa kungakusiza ukuthi uthole imiphumela engcono.
Nakuba noma ubani angaba ne-glioma, izici ezithile zingase zandise ingozi kancane.
- Ubudala: Okuvamile kakhulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala kanye nezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala.
- Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wobuchopho noma womgogodla, ingozi yakho ingase ikhuphuke kancane ngenxa yethonya lezakhi zofuzo.
- Ukuchayeka emisebeni noma ubuthi:Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni noma kumakhemikhali athile nakho kungaba yisici esiyingozi.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki , isikhathi esiningi, akukho sici esicacile sengozi esingatholakala sokuthuthukisa le glioma.
Udokotela wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-glioma?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela uzoqala ngokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ahlole umzimba, bese ehlola izinzwa.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele wenze izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukuze ubheke ngaphakathi kobuchopho.
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile zobuchopho nomgogodla.
- Iskeni se-CT (Computed Tomography): Lokhu futhi kuthatha izithombe zobuchopho ezihlukaniswe izingxenye ukuze kuhlolwe isimila.
Uma lezi ziskeni zibonisa ukuthi kukhona isimila, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlolwa nge-biopsy . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esimila bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Yilokhu okunquma ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni lwesimila nokuthi lingakanani izinga laso.
Kulesi simo, uzothunyelwa kudokotela wezinzwa ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-glioma?
Ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe kuzonqunywa ngokucabangela izici eziningana.
- Uhlobo, usayizi, kanye nendawo yesimila se-glioma.
- iminyaka yakho.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
- Wake welashwa umdlavuza wobuchopho ngaphambilini?
Ngokuvamile, enye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela isetshenziswa ndawonye njengokwelashwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
Ukuhlinzwa
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kokuqala ukususa isimila ngokuhlinzwa. Uma udokotela ekwazi, uzosusa sonke isimila. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ama-glioma akhula ezindaweni ezibucayi kakhulu, okunzima ukuzisusa ebuchosheni. Kulezi zimo, kungase kungenzeki ukuwasusa ngokuphelele. I-craniotomy, okuwukuhlinzwa okubandakanya ukuvula ugebhezi, iyindlela evame kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, kuye ngobukhulu nendawo yesimila, inqubo engangenisi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-laser ablation ingenziwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ukushisa okuvela emsebeni we-laser ukubhubhisa isimila.
Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy kunikezwa ukuze kubhujiswe noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele.
Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu, njenge-X-ray, ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza .Lezi yimithi evimba amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi akhule futhi ahlukane. Zisetshenziswa futhi njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko uma isimila sisendaweni eyingozi engenakuhlinzwa.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
Kujwayelekile ukuba nemiphumela ethile emibi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza. Eminye yayo ingahlala isikhathi eside. Buza udokotela wakho ngokunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu , okungakusiza ukuphatha lezi zimpawu kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:
- Ukulala nokukhathala okukhulu (ukukhathala komdlavuza)
- I-anemia (ukulahlekelwa igazi)
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe)
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Ubuhlungu
- Ingozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka (ngenxa ye-chemotherapy)
- Izinguquko ekucabangeni nasenkumbulweni
Khuluma ngokukhululekile nethimba lakho lezokwelapha nganoma yikuphi kwalokhu kungakhululeki.
Mayelana nekusasa kanye nokuphila
Izinga lokusinda komuntu ophila ne-glioma lincike ezintweni eziningana. Uhlobo lwesimila, izinga laso, kanye nobudala besiguli kuphakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, lapho isifo sitholakala sisencane futhi ukwelashwa kuqala, kuba ngcono umphumela.
Kodwa khumbula, izibalo ziyidatha ejwayelekile nje. Isimo sakho singase sivumelane noma singavumelani nalezo zibalo. Ngakho-ke ungesabi noma ulahlekelwe yithemba uma ubona lezi zinombolo. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza isithombe esicacile ngesimo sakho.
Ukuphila nomdlavuza kuyinselele enkulu, ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Khuluma ngokwethembeka nethimba lakho lezokwelapha kanye nabathandekayo bakho ngendlela ozizwa ngayo. Funa ukwelulekwa uma kudingeka. Futhi, ukujoyina amaqembu okusekelana nabanye abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kungaba umthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe nomndeni wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Glioma uhlobo lwesimila esiyinhloko esenzeka ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo, ukuquleka, izinguquko zokubona, noma izinguquko zokuziphatha, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- I-MRI noma i-CT scan kanye ne-biopsy kubalulekile ekuxilongweni.
- Kusetshenziswa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo: ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kanye ne-chemotherapy.
- Ungazami ukuhamba lolu hambo wedwa. Cela usizo eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nabangani. Khuluma ngokukhululekile ngendlela ozizwa ngayo.
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