Wake wazibuza ukuthi amazinga ethu kashukela egazini alawulwa kanjani? Kukhona into ekhethekile esiza ngalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Glucagon. Njengeqhawe elincane emzimbeni wethu, i-Glucagon igcina amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ephansi kakhulu. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngale Glucagon ngokuningiliziwe nangokulula kakhulu.
Kuyini i-Glucagon?
Kalula nje, i-glucagon iyi-hormone yemvelo ekhiqizwa yimizimba yethu . Uyazi, ikhiqizwa amaseli e-alpha kuma-pancreas ethu. Lapho amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ehla, lapho singadli isikhathi eside (ukuzila ukudla isikhathi eside), lapho sizivocavoca kanzima, noma lapho sidla ukudla okucebile ngamaprotheni, le glucagon iyakhishwa.
Cabanga ngakho, i-glucose uhlobo oluyinhloko lukashukela egazini lethu. Sithola le glucose kuma-carbohydrate ezintweni esizidlayo nesiziphuzayo. Lo shukela yiwona onikeza amandla ezithweni zomzimba wethu, emisipheni, kanye nasesimisweni sezinzwa. Kufana nophethiloli wemoto. Ngakho-ke, umzimba wethu uvame ukugcina leli zinga likashukela egazini lisezingeni elifanele ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kuphakeme kakhulu noma kuphansi kakhulu, izifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nokungakhululeki kungavela.
Imijovo ye-Glucagon kanye nezifutho zamakhala
Ngaphezu kwe-glucagon eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, kukhona nama-glucagon okwenziwa. Lawa anganikezwa njengomjovo noma njengesifutho esomile sekhala. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile lokhu kusetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 , lapho ushukela wabo wegazi wehla ngokuzumayo kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia). I-glucagon enikezwa ngalesi sikhathi ikhipha ushukela ogcinwe esibindini sethu futhi ikhuphule amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ngokushesha. Kufana nokusinika 'umfutho' omncane.
Yini eyenziwa yi-glucagon emizimbeni yethu?
Uma i-pancreas yakho isebenza kahle, umzimba wakho uzolawula ngokucophelela amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Lokhu kwenziwa kakhulu ngamahomoni amabili abizwa ngokuthi i-glucagon kanye ne-insulin . Isibonelo, lapho amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ehla kakhulu (i-hypoglycemia), i-pancreas yakho ikhipha i-glucagon eningi. Le glucagon isiza ukuphakamisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngezindlela eziningana:
- Okokuqala, i-glucagon iya esibindini sethu bese iguqula i-glucose egcinwe lapho - esiyibiza ngokuthi i-glycogen - ibe yinto engasetshenziswa. Isibindi sibe sesiyikhipha egazini.
- Okwesibili, i-glucagon ingavimba isibindi ekuthatheni nasekugcineni i-glucose, ishiye i-glucose eningi egazini.
- Okwesithathu, ama -amino acidI-Glucagon futhi isiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize i-glucose evela kweminye imithombo, njenge:
Khumbula, kufana ne-seesaw. Uma amazinga kashukela egazini ehla, i-glucagon iyasebenza, futhi uma amazinga kashukela egazini enyuka, i-insulin iyasebenza!
Yiziphi izifo ezingase zihlotshaniswe nezinkinga zokusebenza kwe-glucagon?
Manje ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela uma i-glucagon ingasebenzi kahle.
Uma unesifo sikashukela, umzimba wakho ungase ungakwazi ukukhipha i-glucagon eyanele uma ushukela wakho wegazi uphansi. Lokhu kungakwenza ube namathuba amaningi okuba noshukela wegazi ophansi kaningi, noma ngisho noshukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu . Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma uthatha imithi yokwehlisa ushukela egazini njenge-insulin noma i-sulfonylureas.
Kwabanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, amazinga e-glucagon angase abe phezulu kunokuvamile, uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga kashukela egazini. Lesi futhi esinye sezizathu ezenza amazinga kashukela egazini abe phezulu.
Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi izinkinga zokukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon zenzeke ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela, kodwa kunezimo ezimbalwa lapho kungenzeka khona:
- I-Pancreatitis: Uma uba nesifo sikashukela ngenxa ye-pancreatitis bese uthatha i-insulin ngenxa yaso, ungase ube nokuntuleka kwe-glucagon. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuba noshukela wegazi ophansi.
- I-Glucagonoma: Lesi isimila esingavamile kakhulu se-pancreas. Sikhipha i-glucagon eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela izimpawu ezifana noshukela ophezulu egazini, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo.
- I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN): Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu sofuzo. Kulokhu, izimila zikhula ezingxenyeni ezingaphezu kweyodwa ohlelweni lwakho lwe-endocrine. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-pancreas.
- Imiphumela emibi ye-Pancreatectomy: Uma ngesizathu esithile ingxenye noma wonke ama-pancreas akho esusiwe, amaseli akhiqiza i-glucagon ne-insulin ayalahleka.
Yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga ezihlobene ne-glucagon?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, ukungajwayelekile kwamazinga e-glucagon kungabangela ushukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia) noma ushukela wegazi ophezulu (hyperglycemia). Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo zimpawu.
Izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia)
Cabanga nje ukuthi umngane wakho, uNilanthi, uphuza imithi yesifo sikashukela. Ngolunye usuku, ngokuzumayo uqala ukuthuthumela, ukujuluka, nokuzizwa enesiyezi. Ubonakala ekhuluma kabi lapho ekhuluma. Uma lezi zimpawu zivela, kungasho ukuthi ushukela wakhe wegazi uphansi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ukuthuthumela, ukuthuthumela
- Ukujuluka nokuzizwa ubanda
- Ukuzizwa unesizungu, uzizwa ukhululekile
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Indlala
- Ubunzima bokugxila, ukudideka
Okubalulekile: Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla okuthile okunoshukela, ukudla noma isiphuzo esicebile ngama-carbohydrate ngokushesha okukhulu . Lokhu kuzosiza amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ukuthi abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu njalo, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wakho.
Izimpawu zoshukela ophezulu egazini (i-Hyperglycemia)
Ushukela ophezulu egazini (i-hyperglycemia) uvame ukubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, akuyona inkinga nge-glucagon yodwa. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ze-glucagon ezingavamile nazo zingabangela ushukela ophezulu egazini. Izimpawu zokuqala yilezi:
- Ukoma njalo kanye/noma indlala
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ukuchama njalo ( ukuchama njalo)
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola amazinga e-glucagon?
Uma unezimpawu ezithile, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kulinganiswe amazinga akho e-glucagon. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela noma umhlengikazi usebenzisa inaliti ukuthatha isampula yegazi emthanjeni wakho. Bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.
Ayini amazinga ajwayelekile e-glucagon?
Ngokuvamile, inani le-glucagon okufanele sibe nalo egazini lethu liphakathi kwama-picogram angu-50 no-100 nge-milliliter (pg/mL) . I-picogram iyi-trillionth eyodwa yegremu! Inani elincane kakhulu, akunjalo?
Kodwa khumbula, la manani ajwayelekile angahluka kancane kusukela elabhorethri kuya kwelebhu. Angahluka futhi kuye ngokuthi ubuzila ukudla isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ayengakanani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke, qhathanisa njalo imiphumela yakho namanani asembikweni wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi . Uma unemibuzo, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana namazinga ami e-glucagon?
Uma unesifo sikashukela futhi uneziqephu ezivamile zoshukela wegazi ophansi noma ophezulu, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Amazinga e-Glucagon awavamile ukulinganiswa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, kungadingeka ushintshe indlela ophatha ngayo isifo sikashukela ukuze unciphise lezi ziqephu.
Nakuba ezinye izinkinga ezihlobene ne-glucagon zingavamile, uma unezimpawu, kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kweGlucagon neGlycogen?
Azifani yini lezi ezimbili? I-Glycogen uhlobo lwe-glucose (ushukela) olugcinwa esibindini.Imizimba yethu igcina i-glycogen ikakhulukazi esibindini nasemisipheni.
I-Glucagon iyi-hormone etshela isibindi ukuthi siguqule i-glycogen ibe yi-glucose. Leyo glucose ibe isingena egazini futhi ingasetshenziswa njengamandla yimizimba yethu.
Kwenzekani ku-glucagon ngesikhathi sokuzila ukudla?
Uma sizila ukudla, i-glucagon ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ehle kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imizimba yethu ayitholi ushukela ekudleni ngaleso sikhathi.
Uma sizila ukudla isikhathi eside, i-glucagon ibangela ukuthi umzimba ukhiqize i-glucose ngezinto ezingezona ama-carbohydrate - njenge-lipids, ama-amino acid, namaprotheni. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-gluconeogenesis .
Ekugcineni, kufanele ngithi... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Ngakho-ke, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi i-glucagon iyi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu esiza ukugcina amazinga ethu kashukela egazini ephilile 'ngemuva kwezigcawu'. Akwenzeki ukuthi ube nesifo sikashukela noma izinkinga ezihlobene ne-glucagon.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezivamile zoshukela ophansi egazini noma ushukela ophezulu egazini, sicela ubone udokotela wakho. Bangathola imbangela bese bekunikeza ukwelashwa okudingayo. Ukunakekela impilo yakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Ingabe i-Glucagon iwumuthi owehlisa ushukela egazini njenge-insulin?
Cha! Lena i-hormone emzimbeni esebenza 'njengomfowabo omubi/uhlangothi oluphambene' lwe-insulin. I-insulin iphoqa amazinga kashukela emzimbeni ukuba ehle. Kodwa 'i-glucagon', lapho amazinga kashukela emzimbeni ehla kakhulu (i-Hypoglycemia), iyala ushukela ogcinwe esibindini (i-Glycogen) ukuthi ungene ngokushesha egazini futhi 'uphakamise amazinga kashukela abuyele esimweni esijwayelekile'.
💬 Kungani le hormone ye-Glucagon itholakala ekhemisi njengokwelashwa okuphuthumayo?
Uma isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sithatha umuthi noma i-insulin eningi kakhulu bese siba 'noshukela ophansi egazini/sivele siphelelwe yingqondo' (i-Hypoglycemia), asikwazi ukudla ushukela ngaleso sikhathi (sibambekile). Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela, uma kufakwa 'i-Glucagon Pen' (umjovo ophuthumayo) ebhulukweni noma ethangeni lakhe, ushukela egazini emzimbeni uyanda ngemizuzu embalwa bese isiguli siphinde siphaphame.
💬 Kulula yini ukufaka lo mjovo we-glucagon ekhaya?
Yebo! Lokhu kufana ne-EpiPen yokungezwani komzimba, futhi kuza ngekhithi yezimo eziphuthumayo engajovwa kalula ekhaya ngamalungu omndeni. (Kwamanye amazwe, iyatholakala futhi njengesifutho samakhala/i-Baqsimi.) Uma kukhona umuntu ekhaya othatha i-insulin yesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile impela ukugcina lo mjovo we-glucagon efrijini noma ekhabetheni ukuze ugweme ukufa ngokuzumayo.
i- glucagon, ushukela wegazi, i-hypoglycemia, i-hyperglycemia, isifo sikashukela, i-pancreas, i-hormone
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