Kuyini i-glucose? Ihlobene kanjani nesifo sikashukela?

Uma ukhuluma ngesifo sikashukela, cishe uzwa amagama athi 'Ushukela Wegazi' noma 'Ushukela Wegazi' ngaso sonke isikhathi, akunjalo? Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi iyini i-glucose, umthombo wamandla emizimbeni yethu ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sikashukela noma usengozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho kalula, kusukela ku-A kuya ku-Z.

Kuyini i-glucose ne-insulin?

Kalula nje, i-glucose uhlobo lukashukela . Siyithola ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi ukudla okunama-carbohydrate amaningi. Umzimba wethu usebenzisa le glucose ukunikeza amandla emaseli. Uma le glucose ihamba egazini, siyibiza ngokuthi "ushukela wegazi" noma 'ushukela wegazi'.

Manje yilapho indima ye -insulin ingena khona. I-insulin iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa kuma-pancreas ethu. Njengesihluthulelo, le-insulin yiyo evula amangqamuzana emizimba yethu futhi isize i-glucose egazini ukuthi ingene kulawo maseli futhi idale amandla.

Uma utholakale unesifo sikashukela i-Diabetes Mellitus, kusho ukuthi amazinga akho kashukela egazini aphezulu kunokuvamile. Kunezizathu ezimbili ezingaba khona zalokhu:

1. Noma umzimba wakho awukhiqizi i-insulin eyanele ukuhambisa ushukela egazini ungene emangqamuzaneni.

2. Noma, noma ngabe i-insulin ikhona, amangqamuzana omzimba wakho awasabeli kahle kuyo (Ukumelana ne-insulin).

Siyithola kanjani i-glucose emizimbeni yethu?

Ukudla okuningi esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi lokho okucebile ngama-carbohydrate njengesinkwa, ilayisi, amazambane, nezithelo, kuqukethe i-glucose. Ngemva kokudla, ukudla kungena esiswini bese kuhlukaniswa kube yizicucu ezincane ngama-enzyme nama-acid. Le nqubo ikhipha i-glucose.

Bese kuthi le glucose iye emathunjini bese imuncwa egazini. Yilapho-ke i-hormone i-insulin ingena khona futhi isize ukuthumela le glucose emaseli.

Amandla kanye nokugcinwa: Kwenzekani ku-glucose emzimbeni?

Imizimba yethu iklanyelwe ukugcina izinga elihlala njalo le-glucose egazini. Lapho amazinga e-glucose egazini ekhuphuka ngemva kokudla, amaseli akhethekile (amaseli e-beta) kuma-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin. Le insulin ivula umnyango wokuthi i-glucose ingene emaseli emisipha, amafutha kanye nesibindi.

Uphethiloli oyinhloko wobuchopho

Nakuba amangqamuzana amaningi emzimbeni wethu esebenzisa i-glucose, ama-amino acid (izakhi zamaprotheni), kanye namafutha ukuze athole amandla, amandla amakhulu obuchopho bethu yi-glucose.I-glucose ibalulekile ekucubunguleni ulwazi lwamaseli ezinzwa kanye nezithunywa zamakhemikhali ebuchosheni. Ngaphandle kwe-glucose, ubuchopho bethu abukwazi ukusebenza kahle.

Ukugcina amandla engeziwe

Ngemva kokuba umzimba usebenzise amandla owadingayo, i-glucose esele igcinwa esibindini nasemisipheni njengezinqwaba ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-glycogen . Umzimba wethu ungagcina cishe amandla owadingayo usuku lonke ngale ndlela.

Ake sithi awukadli amahora ambalwa. Izinga lakho likashukela egazini liyehla. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-pancreas iyayeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin bese iqala ukukhiqiza enye i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-glucagon . Le glucagon itshela isibindi ukuthi siguqule i-glycogen egciniwe ibe yi-glucose. Leyo glucose ibe isingena egazini, inikeze umzimba amandla uze udle futhi.

I-glucose egazini kanye nesifo sikashukela

Kujwayelekile ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini akhuphuke ngemva kokudla bese ehla futhi ngemva kwamahora ambalwa. Izinga likashukela egazini lomuntu ophilile ongazila ukudla kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100 mg/dL.

Kodwa uma unesifo sikashukela, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukusicubungula kahle.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela:

• Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 1: Kulolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela, amasosha omzimba abhubhisa ngephutha amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-insulin kuma-pancreas, okwenza umzimba ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele.
• Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2: Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana omzimba awasabeli kahle ku-insulin. Ngenxa yalokho, i-pancreas kufanele ikhiqize i-insulin eningi ukuze ivumele i-glucose ingene emaseli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-pancreas ingaba buthakathaka futhi ingakwazi ukukhiqiza i-insulin eyanele.

Uma i-insulini ingekho eyanele, i-glucose iyanqwabelana egazini esikhundleni sokungena emangqamuzaneni. Izinga le-glucose egazini elingaphezu kuka-200 mg/dL emahoreni ama-2 ngemva kokudla noma elingaphezu kuka-125 mg/dL lapho ukuzila ukudla kubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperglycemia .

Ungalinganisa kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini?

Izindlela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

1. Ukuhlolwa Kweminwe: Inani elincane legazi lithathwa esicongweni somunwe kusetshenziswa i-lancet, libekwe emgqeni wokuhlola, bese lilinganiswa nge-glucometer. Ungabona izinga likashukela egazini lakho lamanje ngemizuzwana embalwa.

2. I-Continuous Blood Glucose Monitor (CGM): Inzwa encane ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile engalweni noma esiswini. Ihlala ilinganisa amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngokuqapha uketshezi oluphakathi kwamaseli bese idlulisela idatha kudivayisi efana nohlelo lokusebenza lwefoni.

Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-A1c?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1c (ukuhlolwa kwe-HbA1c) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubonisa amazinga akho ajwayelekile kashukela egazini ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 ezedlule.

Uma i-glucose ingena egazini, inamathela ku -hemoglobin, ingxenye yamaseli abomvu egazi athwala umoya-mpilo egazini. Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1c kulinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-hemoglobin egazini lakho embozwe ushukela (i-glycated). Uma i-glucose egazini iphakeme, kulapho inani lakho le-A1c liphakama khona.

Yiziphi izimbangela zamazinga aphansi kashukela egazini (i-Hypoglycemia)?

I-Hypoglycemia yisimo lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ehla khona ngaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka.

• Ukuphuza utshwala esiswini esingenalutho.
• Ukuthatha i-insulin noma eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela eningi kunokudingekile.
• Ukungadli ukudla.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba ngaphezu kokujwayelekile.
• Izinguquko zama-hormone (isib. ukuya esikhathini nyanga zonke).

Wenzani uma izinga lakho likashukela lehla?

Ungalandela "umthetho we-15-15" onconywe yi-American Diabetes Association:

1. Yidla noma uphuze amagremu ayi-15 ama-carbohydrate asebenza ngokushesha (isib. izipuni ezintathu zikashukela/i-glucose, isipuni esisodwa soju).

2. Linda imizuzu eyi-15 .

3. Hlola ushukela wakho wegazi futhi. Uma usengaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL, thatha amanye amagremu angu-15 ama-carbohydrate.

4. Phinda lokhu kuze kube yilapho izinga likashukela libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.

Yiziphi izimbangela zamazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-Hyperglycemia)?

Izinga likashukela egazini elingaphezu kuka-180 mg/dL libizwa ngokuthi i-hyperglycemia. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu.

• Ukungayithathi ngokwanele i-insulin noma eminye imithi.
• Ukuntuleka komsebenzi womzimba.
• Isifo (isib. umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane) noma ukutheleleka.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukudla okungaphezu kwalokho obekuhleliwe.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)?

Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho lingu- 300 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu kabili kulandelana , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

I-hyperglycemia engelashwanga ingaholela ku- ketoacidosis esongela impilo, noma i-diabetic coma. Yiya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Iphunga elifana nezithelo emoyeni.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Umlomo owomile ngokweqile.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Hlola amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo. Ngokuzivivinya umzimba, ukudla okulinganiselayo, kanye nemithi oyinikezwe udokotela, ungaphila impilo enempilo.