Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa kanje? Awukwazi ukuqeda umsebenzi kahle, kunzima kakhulu ukugcina ingqondo yakho isendaweni eyodwa , uhlala ukhohlwa izinto ezifana nezihluthulelo zakho, isikhwama sakho semali, uyeka ukusebenza phakathi... Ngenxa yalezi zinto, ungase uzisole, ucabange ukuthi, "Ngivilapha kakhulu" noma "Angikwazi ukwenza lutho kahle." Kodwa lokhu kungase kungabi ubuvila bakho noma ukuntuleka kwakho kwekhono. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo sezokwelapha ngemuva kwalokhu, abantu abaningi abangasazi. Leyo yi-ADHD.
Umgijimi we-Olympic marathon uMolly Seidel wachitha iminyaka ezama ukuthola izixazululo zezinkinga zakhe zempilo yengqondo. Kodwa wayezizwa sengathi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Ukuchaza kahle. “Into ehlekisayo ngesifo sengqondo nento embi kakhulu ngayo ukuthi uma ucabanga ukuthi ulungise into eyodwa, kuvela okunye,” kusho yena. “Kufana nomdlalo lapho ushaya khona into evele endaweni eyodwa bese kuvela kwenye indawo. Kwangithatha iminyaka ukuqaphela ukuthi uma nje selapha izimpawu futhi singafinyeleli emsukeni, kumane kusuke ekuguleni okukodwa kuya kokulandelayo.” Kwakungemva kokuba etholakale ene-ADHD kanye ne-OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) lapho athola khona indlela yokuqhubekela phambili empilweni.
Kalula nje, iyini i-ADHD?
I-ADHD, noma i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , yisimo sokuthuthukiswa kwemizwa esihlobene nokukhula kobuchopho. Nakuba abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi yinto ethinta izingane ezincane kuphela, ivame nakubantu abadala . Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo sikhona kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi asitholakali, okuholela ezinkingeni lapho umuntu esemdala.
Kalula nje, ama-neurotransmitter alawula ukunaka, ukuhlela, kanye nokulawula imizwa kumuntu one-ADHD asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane. Lokhu akusibo ubuvila, ukuntuleka kokuzithiba, noma ubuthakathaka bobuntu . Kufana nomuntu ongaboni kahle odinga izibuko. Akusilo iphutha lakhe, yindlela ubuchopho bakhe obusebenza ngayo.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-ADHD kubantu abadala?
Ukungakhathali okwenziwa yingane akuvamile ukubonwa kubantu abadala. Kunalokho, izimpawu zibonakala ngendlela ehlukile. Ake sibheke izimpawu eziyinhloko, ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu.
| Isigaba sezici | Indlela ebukeka ngayo kubantu abadala (isibonelo) |
|---|---|
| Ukunganaki |
|
| Ukusebenza ngokweqile | |
| Ukungacabangi |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke lezi zimpawu ezifanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokunganaki kuphela. Abanye bangase babe nokusebenza ngokweqile kanye nokungacabangi. Abanye abantu bangase babe nakho konke lokhu ndawonye.
Iyini ithonya le-ADHD empilweni?
Uma lokhu kungaqashelwa, izici eziningi zokuphila zingathinteka.
Komsebenzi nemfundo
Ngenxa yobunzima bokuhlela umsebenzi, izinsuku zokugcina zingase zingafiki. Ngenxa yokungagxili kahle emsebenzini, amaphutha angase enziwe emsebenzini. Lokhu kungaholela ekubhekweni njengomuntu ongafanele emsebenzini kanye nokungazethembi . Uma ungumfundi waseyunivesithi, ukunaka izinkulumo nokuhlela izifundo zakho kungaba yinselele.
Ngobudlelwano bomuntu siqu
Ngenxa yokuthi uvame ukukhohlwa izinto (isib. izinsuku zokuzalwa, ama-aphoyintimenti), bangase bacabange ukuthi awunandaba nabanye abantu. Ngenxa yokuthi unenkinga yokuhlala ugxile, abangani nomndeni bangase bacabange ukuthi awusilaleli esihle. Ngenxa yokushesha kwakho, ungagcina usho izinto ongaqondile.
Ngempilo yengqondo
Ukuzisola njalo nokuzizwa sengathi uhlulekile kungaholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu ukuzethemba . Lokhu kungaholela nakwezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo njengokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kulungile, manje wenzani ngokulandelayo?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wezifo zengqondo bese ukhuluma ngalokhu. Ungazami ukuzixilonga ngokufunda ngakho ku-inthanethi.
"Ukuthola ukuxilongwa akusho ukuthi ubizwa ngegama. Kumayelana nokuzinika ithuba lokuqonda ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kanjani. Kufana nokuthola imephu uma ulahlekile futhi ungakwazi ukuthola indlela yakho."
Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi unalesi simo noma cha ngokubuza ngobuntwana bakho, impilo yesikole, umsebenzi, kanye nobudlelwano bakho, futhi uma kudingeka, asebenzise imibuzo ethile.
Akukho ikhambi elilodwa lokwelashwa. Liyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
1. Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha: I-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ikakhulukazi iyasebenza kakhulu. Ikufundisa izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuphatha izinselele ze-ADHD ngokuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwemicabango yakho, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha. Isibonelo, indlela yokuhlukanisa imisebenzi emikhulu ibe yizicucu ezincane, indlela yokuhlela usuku lwakho, kanye nendlela yokuphatha iziphazamiso.
2. Imithi: Abanye abantu bangase badinge imithi. Le mithi isebenza ngokulinganisela ama-neurotransmitter ebuchosheni alawula ukunaka kanye nemizwa. Lokhu kufanele kuthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela. Udokotela wakho uzonquma imithi efanele kanye nomthamo wakho.
3. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila:
- Ukuzivocavoca:Ukuvivinya umzimba nsuku zonke kuthuthukisa ukugxila futhi kunciphisa ukukhathazeka.
- Ukulala: Ukulala ngokwanele kubalulekile. Zijwayeze ukulala nokuvuka ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.
- Ukudla: Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Nciphisa ukudla okunoshukela, okucutshungulwe ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukuhlela: Hlela umsebenzi wakho usebenzisa idayari, uhlelo, kanye nezikhumbuzo efonini yakho.
Khumbula, i-ADHD ayiyona isithiyo esizokuvimba. Imane nje iyingxenye yakho. Uma umdlali we-Olympic njengoMolly Seidel engakwenza, ngokusekelwa namasu afanele , nawe ungafinyelela okungcono kakhulu empilweni yakho. Into ebalulekile ukwazi ukuthi awuwedwa futhi ungesabi ukucela usizo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD yomuntu omdala iyisimo sangempela sezokwelapha. Akusibo ubuvila noma iphutha lomuntu.
- Izimpawu zayo (ukungaqapheli, ukusebenza ngokweqile, ukungazimiseli) zingase zivele ngendlela ehlukile kubantu abadala.
- Uma usola ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, ungazihlolisi ku-inthanethi bese ubona udokotela .
- Ukuxilongwa okunembile akuyona into ebhalwe phansi, kodwa kuyindlela yokuziqonda nokuthola izixazululo.
- Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kokuziphatha, imithi uma kudingeka, kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, okungakusiza uphile impilo ephumelelayo neyanelisayo.
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