Cabanga ubheka esibukweni bese ubona umugqa oqondile phansi phakathi kobuso bakho, uhlangothi olulodwa lubomvu kakhulu futhi lujuluka, kanti olunye uhlangothi lujwayelekile, mhlawumbe luphuzi kancane... Akukwesabisi futhi akumangazi lokho? Noma kuthiwani uma ubona uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba wengane yakho esanda kuzalwa luphenduka lube bomvu ngokuzumayo kanti olunye uhlangothi lujwayelekile? Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi i-Harlequin Sign in medicine. Njengoba igama liyinqaba kancane, ake sithole okwengeziwe ngalo nokuthi lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyesabe ngempela.
Iyini ngempela le Harlequin Sign?
Kalula nje, i-Harlequin Sign yilapho uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba noma lobuso bakho lushintsha umbala wesikhumba (ububomvu noma ukuba mnyama), kanti olunye uhlangothi luhlala lufana, ngezinye izikhathi luze lukhanye. Lezi zinhlangothi ezimbili zibonakala zihlukaniswe umugqa oqondile, phansi maphakathi nomzimba.
Kanye nalo mehluko wombala wesikhumba, ezinye izici zingabonakala kuzo zombili izinhlangothi.
- Ububomvu: Le ndawo ingaba yi -hyperhidrosis (ukujuluka ngokweqile). Isikhumba kuleyo ndawo singase sizizwe sifudumele kancane uma usithinta.
- Uhlangothi Oluphaphathekile/Olujwayelekile: Lolu hlangothi alujuluki. Isikhumba sizozizwa sibanda uma siluthinta.
Nakuba lesi Sibonakaliso seHarlequin ngezinye izikhathi singaba uphawu lwesimo sezokwelapha njenge-'Harlequin syndrome', isikhathi esiningi singesihle futhi simane siphele.
Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu?
Akunakwenzeka njalo ukuthola imbangela ethile yalokhu. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu inkinga yokuxhumana ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluzimele lomzimba wethu. Cabanga ngalokhu njengohlelo "oluzenzakalelayo" lomzimba wethu. Lolu hlelo lulawula izinto esingazi ukuthi sinazo, njengokuphefumula kwethu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokujuluka.
Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukuvaleka noma iphutha endleleni yezinzwa ethumela imiyalezo evela ebuchosheni (i-hypothalamus) ngomgogodla uye ebusweni nasemzimbeni ongaphezulu, umyalezo ungase ungathunyelwa kahle ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba. Yingakho imithambo yegazi ohlangothini olulodwa ivuleka futhi ibe bomvu, kanti olunye uhlangothi lungawutholi umyalezo futhi luhlala lujwayelekile.
Ingabe lokhu kuyenzeka nasezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa?
Yebo, lokhu kuyinto ebonakala ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Ngokusho kocwaningo, cishe u-10% wezingane eziphilile zingase zibe nalesi Sibonakaliso se-Harlequin. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki uma ingane yakho inalesi sibonakaliso.
Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezinhlanu ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala sekwephuzile cishe emavikini amathathu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu yilesi sibonakaliso se-Harlequin esinazo izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa.Akunangozi nhlobo. Lokhu kushintsha kombala kuyanyamalala ngemizuzwana engama-30 nje kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi kungahlala imizuzu engama-20. Kungase kuvele futhi uma umntwana ebekwe eceleni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Harlequin Sign akufanele siphambaniswe ne-'Harlequin ichthyosis', isimo esiyingozi kakhulu, esisongela impilo futhi esingavamile kakhulu sofuzo. I-'Harlequin ichthyosis' yisimo lapho umzimba wonke womntwana umbozwe ngezikali ezijiyile, ezifana nepuleti, kanye nemifantu ejulile phakathi. Kuyinto ehluke ngokuphelele.
Ezinye izifo ezihlobene
Isibonakaliso seHarlequin ngezinye izikhathi singabonakala njengophawu lwezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
I-Harlequin Syndrome
Lesi yisimo esithinta uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa oluzwelanayo. Lolu hlelo lwezinzwa lulawula impendulo yethu "yokulwa noma ukubaleka", okuyizinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni lapho sijabule, sesaba, noma sizivocavoca. Noma nini lapho lolu hlelo lusebenza kumuntu one-Harlequin Syndrome (isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca), uhlangothi olulodwa lobuso nomzimba luzoba bomvu futhi lujuluke, kanti olunye uhlangothi ngeke lube bomvu.
I-Horner Syndrome
Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile sezinzwa. Sithinta iso nezicubu ezizungezile ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso. Sibizwa nangokuthi 'i-oculosympathetic palsy'. Sibangelwa ukuvaleka kwendlela yezinzwa esuka ebuchosheni iye esweni nasebusweni. Nalapha futhi, uhlangothi lobuso oluthintekile lungase lube bomvu.
| Isimo | Ubani othintekayo? | Izici eziyinhloko | Ngempela? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isibonakaliso seHarlequin (ezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa) | Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezinempilo (cishe u-10%) | Ukubomvu kwesikhashana kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba. | Cha. Akunangozi nhlobo futhi kuzophela ngokwako. |
| I-Harlequin Syndrome | Noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala | Ukubomvu nokujuluka ohlangothini olulodwa lapho uzivocavoca noma ujabule. | Kuye ngembangela eyinhloko. Ngokuvamile akunangozi. |
| I-Horner Syndrome | Noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala | Ijwabu elingezansi kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, iso elincane elimnyama, ukuncipha kokujuluka, kanye nokubomvu kobuso. | Imbangela eyinhloko (isb., isimila) ingaba yingozi kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yeSibonakaliso seHarlequin.
- Kwabasanda kuzalwa: Akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Kuzophela ngokwako ngemizuzwana noma imizuzu embalwa.
- Nge-Harlequin Syndrome: Ukwelashwa akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singaba ngcono ngokwaso. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyadingeka, uzokunikeza ukwelashwa okusekelwe esibangeleni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Umuthi wokugoma obizwa ngokuthi `i-Stellate ganglion block` usetshenziselwa ukulawula ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba.
- Imijovo ye-botulinum toxin ukulawula ukujuluka.
- Uma kukhona isimila esingaphansi, singasuswa ngokuhlinzwa noma ngokwelashwa ngemisebe.
- Ukwelulekwa ngokukhathazeka kwengqondo okubangelwa yilokhu kubonakala.
- Nge-Horner Syndrome: Uma kungekho ubuhlungu, ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki. Kulesi simo, udokotela uzobe elapha imbangela eyinhloko.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho ebona uphawu lweHarlequin, olubomvu, olujulukayo, futhi olushisayo kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela bese uhlolwa.
Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga, akubuze ngezimpawu zakho, futhi uma kudingeka, enze izivivinyo ezithile ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo. Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuqeda isimila noma esinye isimo, njengoba lokhu kungaba yimbangela.
Uma lezi zimpawu zihambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu ngokuzumayo (isib. ikhanda elibuhlungu elibi, ukushintsha kombono, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi), kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze .
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isibonakaliso seHarlequin yisimo lapho uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba noma lobuso lubomvu kanti olunye uhlangothi luphaphathekile. Lokhu ngokuvamile akulona ingozi.
- Lokhu kuvamile ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Kuphela ngokwako, ngemizuzu embalwa, ngaphandle kokwelashwa, futhi akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho. Khumbula ukuthi lesi akusona isifo esiyingozi se-'Harlequin ichthyosis'.
- Uma lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abadala, kungaba uphawu lwesimo sesimiso sezinzwa njenge-'Harlequin syndrome' noma i-'Horner syndrome'.
- Uma wena noma ingane yakho nizwa lesi sibonakaliso, kuwukuhlakanipha ukungesabi, kodwa ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze athole imbangela eqondile nokuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ezinye izimo ezingathi sína.
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