Ingabe udokotela wakho wake wakutshela ukuthi, "Sizobona uchwepheshe wesibindi"? Noma wake wesaba noma wakhathazeka kancane lapho ubona ukuthi ama-enzyme akho esibindi aphakeme kancane ekuhlolweni kwegazi? Bese ucabanga ukuthi, "Ungubani lo chwepheshe wesibindi?" Leyo impendulo yalowo mbuzo esizoxoxa ngawo kulesi sihloko namuhla. Asikho isizathu sokwesaba, masiqonde lezi zinto kalula.
Ubani lo dokotela wezifo zesibindi?
Kalula nje, isazi sezifo zesibindi ngudokotela onolwazi olunzulu ngezifo ezihlobene nesibindi sakho, i-gallbladder, i-bile ducts kanye ne-pancreas.
Kulula nakakhulu ukulichaza leli gama. Igama elithi "Hepato" lisho "isibindi" ngesiGreki. Igama elithi "-ologist" lisho uchwepheshe wesifundo esithile. Ngakho-ke uma uhlanganisa lokhu kokubili, elithi "hepatologist" lisho uchwepheshe wesibindi. Kodwa akabheki nje isibindi, unolwazi oluhle ngezinye izitho ezihlobene nesibindi.
Cabanga ngale ndlela, lezi zitho zomzimba wethu zifana nohlelo olusebenzisanayo. Njengohlelo lwamapayipi endlini. Uma kunenkinga endaweni eyodwa, ingathinta nezinye izindawo. Ngendlela efanayo, isifo sesibindi singathinta inyongo noma i-pancreas. Ngakho-ke udinga umuntu owaziyo ngalo lonke lolu hlelo.
Ngakho-ke ingabe udokotela wezifo zamathumbu kanye nodokotela wezifo zamazinyo bangumuntu ofanayo?
Lena indawo lapho abantu abaningi bedideka khona. Umbuzo omuhle kakhulu.
Udokotela wezifo zamathumbu ungudokotela ogxile ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla lonke. Lokho kusho ukuthi unolwazi ngakho konke kusukela emlonyeni kuya endunu, okuhlanganisa umphimbo, isisu, amathumbu amancane, amathumbu amakhulu, isibindi, inyongo kanye ne-pancreas.
Udokotela wesibindi ungudokotela wezifo zamathumbu oye waqeqeshwa futhi wafundiswa ukuze abe uchwepheshe wesibindi kanye nezifo ezihlobene naso.
Kalula nje, ake sithi wonke udokotela wezifo zesibindi ungudokotela wezifo zesisu, kodwa akuwona wonke udokotela wezifo zesisu ongudokotela wezifo zesisu. Njengoba nje wonke udokotela wezifo zenhliziyo engudokotela ohlinzayo ojwayelekile, kodwa akuwona wonke udokotela ohlinzayo ojwayelekile ongudokotela wezifo zenhliziyo.
Ngokuvamile, izimo zesibindi ezilula zingelashwa udokotela wezifo zamathumbu. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, isibonelo, izimo ezinzima njenge-cirrhosis, umdlavuza wesibindi, noma ukufakelwa kwesibindi, ubuchwepheshe bukadokotela wezifo zamathumbu buyadingeka nakanjani.
Uma udokotela wakho ekuthumelela kudokotela wezifo zesibindi, uzama ukukunikeza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokunakekelwa okukhethekile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngakho ungesabi ukubuza.
Kungani udokotela angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zesibindi?
Ngokuvamile, uzoqala ubonane nodokotela wakho oyinhloko (PCP). Uma unezimpawu, njengokuphuzi kwamehlo, isisu esivuvukile, noma ukukhathala ngokweqile, noma uma unezivivinyo zokusebenza kwesibindi ezingavamile (ama-LFT) ebhodini legazi, angase asole inkinga yesibindi.
Esimweni esinjalo, angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zesibindi ukuze akutholele ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okunembile kakhulu.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma udokotela wakho wamanje wezifo zamathumbu enomuzwa wokuthi isimo sakho sesithuthuke kakhulu saze safika ezingeni lapho edinga khona ulwazi olwengeziwe kunolwakhe, uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zamathumbu. Lena yindlela yezokwelapha efaneleke kakhulu.
Yiziphi izifo ezelashwa yi-hepatologist?
Uhlu lwezifo ezelashwa odokotela bezifo zesibindi lubanzi kakhulu. Ake sihlukanise zibe izingxenye ezimbili.
| Ikakhulukazi izifo zesibindi | |
|---|---|
| Igama lesifo | Incazelo elula |
| I-Hepatitis Ebangelwa Yigciwane | Ukuvuvukala kwesibindi okubangelwa amagciwane afana ne-hepatitis B no-C. |
| Isifo Sesibindi Esibangelwa Utshwala | Ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile. |
| Isifo Sesibindi Esinamafutha | Ukugcwala kwamafutha esibindini, ngisho nakubantu abangaphuzi utshwala, kuvame kakhulu ezweni lethu manje. |
| I-Hepatitis Ezenzakalelayo | Amasosha omzimba ahlasela isibindi. |
| Isifo sikaWilson | Ukulimala kwesibindi ngenxa yokuqongelela ngokweqile kwethusi emzimbeni. |
| I-cirrhosis yesibindi | Isifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona sibangela ukuthi isibindi sinciphe, sibe nezibazi, futhi silahlekelwe ukusebenza kwaso. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwesibindi | Ukuphela kokusebenza kwesibindi ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane. |
| Umdlavuza Wesibindi Oyinhloko | Umdlavuza owenzeka esibindini. |
| Izifo Zendlela Ye-Biliary | |
|---|---|
| I-Cholestasis | Ukuvaleka kokugeleza kwenyongo ekhiqizwa yisibindi. |
| Ukuqina kwe-biliary | Ukunciphisa noma ukuvaleka kwemisele yenyongo. |
| I-Cholangitis Eyinhloko Ye-Biliary | Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esonakalisa imigudu ye-bile. |
| Umdlavuza Wemibhobho Yenyongo | Umdlavuza owenzeka emigudwini yenyongo. |
Ubani lo dokotela wezifo zesibindi osebenzisa i-Transplant Hepatologist?
Lona omunye umsebenzi okhethekile osezingeni eliphezulu. Isazi Sezifo Zesibindi Sokufakelwa Utshani ungudokotela othole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ekunakekeleni iziguli ezinesifo sesibindi esisesigabeni sokugcina ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa isibindi.
Laba odokotela basebenza ezibhedlela ezinkulu ezenza ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa isibindi. Banolwazi olujulile ngakho konke kusukela ekunqumeni ukuthi ukufakelwa isibindi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yesiguli, ukulungiselela isiguli ngakho, kanye nokuphatha izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Impilo yesiguli esisesigabeni sokugcina sokwehluleka kwesibindi iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izinkinga eziningi zingavela ngesikhathi esisodwa. Udokotela wezifo zesibindi ofakelwe uphatha zonke lezi zinto.
Yiziphi izinkinga abazisingathayo?
Omunye wemisebenzi yabo eyinhloko ukuphatha izinkinga ezingase zivele ngaphambi nangemva kokufakelwa isibindi.
- Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Ukwanda kwengcindezi emithanjeni eletha igazi esibindini.
- Ama-Ascites: Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukunqwabelana koketshezi esiswini .
- Ama-Varice e-Esophageal: Lawa angaqhuma futhi ophe igazi.
- I-Hepatic Encephalopathy: Ukusebenza kobuchopho kuyathinteka ngoba isibindi asikwazi ukuhlunga ubuthi. Isiguli singase silahlekelwe yinkumbulo.
- I-Hepatorenal Syndrome: Izinkinga zesibindi ezithinta izinso.
Kuvela izinkinga ezintsha ngemva kokufakelwa isibindi, njengoba umzimba kufanele uqhubeke nokuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ukuze uvimbele ukwenqatshwa kwesibindi esisanda kutshalwa. Le mithi ingabangela ezinye izinkinga.
- Izifo ezivamile.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
- Isifo Sikashukela (Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2).
- Ukuncipha kwamathambo (i-Osteoporosis).
- Ukuphinda kwesifo sesibindi.
Kungumthwalo wemfanelo kadokotela wezifo zesibindi okufakelwayo ukuqaphela konke lokhu nokugcina isiguli siphilile.
Ubani uchwepheshe wezifo zesibindi ezinganeni?
Njengoba igama lisho, i-Pediatric Hepatologist ingudokotela ogxile ezifweni zesibindi kanye nohlelo lokugaya ukudla lwezinsana, izingane ezincane kanye nezingane ezincane.
Imizimba yezingane ayifani nemizimba yabantu abancane. Izifo zabo zihlukile, indlela abasabela ngayo ezifweni ihlukile, futhi imithamo yemithi enikezwayo ihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze welaphe izingane, udinga umuntu oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ezinganeni.
Udokotela wezifo zesibindi ezingane uqala ngokuba udokotela wezingane, bese ethola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwezokwelapha izifo zesisu zabantwana, bese ethola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe esibindini. Laba ochwepheshe banakekela nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokufakelwa kwesibindi ezinganeni.
Isibindi singesinye sezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wethu. Futhi indima esiyidlalayo inkulu kakhulu. Isibindi senza imisebenzi eminingi, njengokuhlunga ubuthi emzimbeni, ukugcina amandla, nokusiza ekugayeni ukudla. Ngakho-ke, uma isibindi sigula, sithinta umzimba wonke.
Ukuba yisazi sezifo zesibindi akulula. Kudinga ukuzinikela okukhulu, ulwazi, nokuqeqeshwa. Futhi, kufanele ube namandla ngokwengqondo neziguli kanye nemindeni yazo. Kodwa ekugcineni kwakho konke, basindisa izimpilo eziningi. Yilokho ukwaneliseka okukhulu abakutholayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Udokotela wezifo zesibindi ungudokotela onolwazi oluphezulu kakhulu ezifweni ezihlobene nesibindi kanye nezitho zaso ezihlobene naso (i-gallbladder, i-pancreas).
- Bonke odokotela bezifo zesibindi bangodokotela bezifo zamathumbu, kodwa bafunde isibindi ngokujulile nakakhulu.
- Uma udokotela womndeni wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe ekudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zesibindi, ungesabi. Kusho ukuthi bazama ukukunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
- Belapha yonke into kusukela ezifweni ezivamile njenge-hepatitis kanye nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha kuya ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-cirrhosis, umdlavuza wesibindi, kanye nokufakelwa kwesibindi.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngesibindi sakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala. Uma kudingeka, uzokudlulisela kuchwepheshe ofanele.
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