Uma ubheka umbiko wegazi bese ubona ukuthi izinga lakho le-hemoglobin liphezulu kunejwayelekile, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane. Ungase ucabange, "Kuyini lokhu? Ingabe kuyingozi?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Iyini ngempela i-hemoglobin? Kungani iphezulu? Ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula, ngokucacile, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, iyini i-hemoglobin?
Cabanga nje ukuthi imizimba yethu iyidolobha elikhulu. Yonke indlu kanye nazo zonke izitolo kuleli dolobha zidinga umoya-mpilo ukuze zisebenze. I-hemoglobin ifana 'nesevisi yokulethwa' ehambisa umoya-mpilo kulo lonke leli dolobha.
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, i-hemoglobin iyiprotheni ekhethekile etholakala ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana ethu abomvu egazi. Yilokhu okuthatha umoya-mpilo emaphashini bese uwuyisa kuzo zonke ezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Yiyo futhi leyo ethwala i-carbon dioxide (CO2) engafuneki enqwabelana emzimbeni ibuyele emaphashini. Le hemoglobin yiyo enika igazi lethu umbala walo obomvu.
Ngakho-ke, "Inani Eliphezulu Le-Hemoglobin" lisho ukuthi uneprotheni ye-hemoglobin eningi egazini lakho kunokuvamile. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi i-polycythemia .
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Hemoglobin ne-Hematocrit
Uma ubheka umbiko wakho wegazi, ungase ubone nenani elibizwa ngokuthi i-Hematocrit. Nakuba lokhu okubili kungase kubonakale kufana, kunomehluko omncane. I-Hematocrit iwumthamo wamaseli abomvu egazi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaseli egazini. Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-hemoglobin ephezulu uzoba nenani eliphakeme le-hematocrit. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lamaseli abomvu egazi likhuphuke ngendlela engavamile.
Kukuliphi izinga lapho izinga le-hemoglobin libhekwa 'njengoliphezulu'?
Amazinga ajwayelekile e-hemoglobin ayahlukahluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho kanye nobulili. Ukuphakama kwakho (njengokuphakama), isikhathi sosuku, kanye nomswakama nakho kungathinta leli nani.
Ngokuvamile, amazinga e-hemoglobin abhekwa njengaphezulu ezimweni ezilandelayo:
| Umuntu | Inani libhekwa njengeliphezulu (g/dL) |
|---|---|
| Indoda endala | Uma kungaphezu kuka-16.5 g/dL |
| Abesifazane abadala | Uma kungaphezu kuka-16.0 g/dL |
| Ingane | Uma kungaphezu kuka-16.6 g/dL |
| Ingane | Uma kungaphezu kuka-18.0 g/dL |
Yiziphi izimpawu zomuntu one-hemoglobin ephezulu?
Ukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-hemoglobin yakho iphezulu yini ukuhlolwa kwegazi . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nezimpawu ezithile ngenxa yalesi simo. Lezi zifaka:
- Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokuzungeza.
- Ukuphuka noma ukuphuma kwegazi okulula: Ukuphuka ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala okuncane, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okuthatha isikhathi eside ukuyeka ngisho noma kuvele ukusikeka okuncane.
- I-Hyperhidrosis: Ukujuluka kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu elihlala likhona.
- Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga: Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga ezitho.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki: Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuthi uzame.
- I-Jaundice: Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba .
Amazinga aphezulu e-hemoglobin akuyona into okufanele siyithathe kalula. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi nesicashile.
Futhi, noma kungekho sifo esiyisisekelo, amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-hemoglobin angaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngalokhu.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokwanda kwe-hemoglobin?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Ezinye zihlobene nendlela yethu yokuphila, kanti ezinye zingabangelwa yizimo ezithile zezokwelapha.
Izimbangela ezibangelwa izimo zezokwelapha:
- I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheli Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu): Isifo samaphaphu sesikhathi eside.
- Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso: Isifo senhliziyo esikhona lapho umuntu ezalwa.
- I-Emphysema: Isifo esonakalisa amaphaphu.
- Umdlavuza wezinso
- Umdlavuza wesibindi
- I-Polycythemia vera: Isifo lapho umongo wamathambo ukhiqiza khona inani elingavamile lamaseli abomvu egazi.
- I-fibrosis yamaphaphu
Ezinye izinto zangaphandle:
- Ukuchayeka kugesi we-carbon monoxide.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni: Ukuntuleka kwamanzi emzimbeni.
- Imithi ethile: Isibonelo, imithi efana nama-anabolic steroids noma i-erythropoietin.
- Ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme: Uma uhlala ezindaweni eziphakeme (njengasezintabeni), umzimba wenza amangqamuzana egazi abomvu engeziwe ukuze alungise ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo emoyeni.
- Ukubhema.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwamazinga aphezulu e-hemoglobin kuncike embangela eyinhloko . Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka kuye ngembangela.
Ezimweni eziningi, udokotela wakho angase ancome inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-phlebotomy . Ungakhathazeki ngalokhu. Cabanga ngakho njengokunikela ngegazi. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe ufaka inalithi encane emthanjeni wakho bese esusa elinye igazi lakho, eliqukethe amaseli egazi abomvu engeziwe. Lokhu kungadingeka kwenziwe izikhathi eziningana kuze kube yilapho izinga lakho le-hemoglobin libuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma isizathu sokwanda kwe-hemoglobin kungukubhema, udokotela uzokweluleka ukuthi uyeke ukubhema. Uma isizathu kungukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, uzokutshela ukuthi uphuze amanzi amaningi. Uma kukhona isifo esiyisisekelo, ukwelashwa kwaleso sifo kuzoqala.
Kumele ngenzeni?
Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kubonisa i-hemoglobin ephezulu, noma uma unezimpawu esixoxe ngazo ngenhla, into engcono kakhulu futhi okuwukuphela kwayo okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ungaziniki imithi noma wesabe ukuthi abanye bathini. Udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo, athole imbangela yangempela, futhi akunikeze ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.
Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?
Nakuba kungenakuvinjelwa njalo, ukwenza izinguquko ezithile endleleni yokuphila kunganciphisa ingozi ye-hemoglobin ephezulu.
- Gwema ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba eziyingozi emzimbeni.
- Yidla ukudla okunomsoco okucebile ngezithelo nemifino.
- Vikela umzimba wakho ekuphelelweni amanzi ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi.
- Uma ubhema, yeka namuhla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-hemoglobin ephakeme isho ukwanda okukhulu kweprotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo egazini.
- Izimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, kanye nokulunywa kalula zingase zibe khona.
- Lokhu kungabangelwa yizimbangela ezilula njengokubhema nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kanye nezimo zezempilo ezimbi njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo samaphaphu, noma umdlavuza.
- Ungalokothi ungayinaki le nkinga. Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile futhi uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.
- Kuye ngembangela, ukwelashwa okufana ne-phlebotomy, okususa amaseli egazi abomvu engeziwe, noma okunye ukwelashwa kungadingeka.
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