Uzizwa sengathi unesifo somfutho wegazi esiphansi? Kungaba yi-Normocytic Anemia! Ake sixoxe ngakho.

Uzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi? Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa unesizungu noma uphaphathekile? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuntuleka kwegazi, okuyinto esiyibiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-anemia. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngolunye lwalezi zinhlobo ze-anemia , i-normocytic anemia . Igama lingase lizwakale njengento enkulu, kodwa ungakhathazeki, sizolichaza kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini ngempela i-Normocytic Anemia?

Kalula nje, i-normocytic anemia isho ukuthi inani lamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni wakho liphansi kunejwayelekile . Futhi, inani leprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin kula maseli abomvu egazi alikho emazingeni ajwayelekile. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini le-hemoglobin. Yinto ebaluleke kakhulu esiza amaseli ethu abomvu egazi ukuthi abambe umoya-mpilo futhi awuthwale emzimbeni wonke. Njengeloli elithwala izimpahla, i-hemoglobin inikeza umoya-mpilo emizimbeni yethu. Ngakho-ke lapho la maseli abomvu ehla, lapho i-hemoglobin yehla, inani lomoya-mpilo elitholwa ngumzimba nalo liyancipha. Yilapho izimpawu zesifo ngasinye ziqala ukubonakala khona.

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi babheka i-normocytic anemia njengophawu lwesinye isimo esingaphansi. Abanye abantu bangase babe nayo ngenxa yesimo sofuzo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, lesi simo sivela kwesinye isifo esingamahlalakhona . Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, odokotela bayayelapha ngenkathi belapha isifo esingaphansi.

Kungani sithola i-normocytic anemia?

Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

1. Ngenxa yegazi eliphuma emzimbeni wakho

Uma igazi lilahleka emzimbeni, kusho nokuthi amaseli abomvu egazi ayalahleka. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zalokhu.

• Kungaba ngenxa yokulimala engozini .
• Kungaba ngenxa yokopha kwangaphakathi . Kunezifo ezithile ezingabangela ukopha emzimbeni ngale ndlela.
• Kwabesifazane, lesi simo singase sivele ngenxa yokuya esikhathini okunzima .

2. Umzimba wakho awukwazi ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele (ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi)

Umnkantsha wethu wamathambo yilapho kwenziwa khona amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Lawa enziwa ngamaseli okuqala. Ngokuvamile, umnkantsha wethu wamathambo wenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zethu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifo zingaphazamisa le nqubo.

• I-anemia Yezifo Ezingamahlalakhona: Lesi simo singavela uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibangela ukuvuvukala emzimbeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-anemia Yokuvuvukala".
• Isifo Sezinso: Ubuwazi ukuthi izinso zethu zikhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-Erythropoietin (EPO) . Le hormone ye-EPO itshela umongo wamathambo ukuthi akhiwe nini futhi kanjani amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Ngakho-ke uma izinso zonakele, okungukuthi, uma izinso zibuthakathaka (izinso ezonakele) , ukukhiqizwa kwale hormone ye-EPO kuyancipha. Khona-ke ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngomongo wamathambo nakho kuyancipha, okubangela i-anemia.
• I-Aplastic Anemia: Lesi yisifo segazi esingavamile lapho amaseli okuqala emnkantsheni engakhiqizi amaseli abomvu egazi anele, kanye namanye amaseli egazi.

3. Amaseli akho abomvu egazi ayawohloka ngaphambi kwesikhathi (i-Hemolysis)

Ngokuvamile, iseli elibomvu legazi eliphilile liphila cishe izinsuku ezingu-120 ngemva kokukhishwa emnkantsheni liye egazini. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lawa maseli abomvu egazi ayaphuka ngaphambi kwalokho. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-hemolysis . Amaseli abomvu egazi angaphuka ngokushesha ngale ndlela, kungaba ngenxa yesifo esizuzwe njengefa noma ngenxa yesifo esikhula kamuva ekuphileni. Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo:

• I-Sickle Cell Anemia: Lokhu kuyisifo segazi esizuzwe njengefa. Kulokhu, isimo samaseli abomvu egazi siyashintsha, sibe sesimweni se-sickle. Lokhu kuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• I-Hereditary Spherocytosis: Lokhu futhi kuyisifo segazi esingavamile, esizuzwe njengefa. Kubangela i-hemolytic anemia, okusho ukuthi amaseli egazi abomvu amadala aqhekeka ngokushesha kunokuba umzimba ungawenza amasha.
• I-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: Lokhu futhi kuyisifo esingavamile sesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Kulokhu, isimiso sethu sokuzivikela somzimba sihlasela ngephutha amangqamuzana ethu egazi abomvu.
• I-Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP): Lesi sifo sibangela ukwakheka kwamahlule amancane egazi emzimbeni wonke.
• Ukugoqana Kwemithambo Egazini Okusabalalisiwe (DIC): Lokhu kuyisifo sokujiya kwegazi. Uma singelashwa, singaholela ekuphumeni kwegazi okukhulu.
• Ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD: Lokhu kushoda kwe-enzyme evikela amangqamuzana abomvu egazi ezintweni eziyingozi.

Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?

Izimpawu ze-normocytic anemia aziveli ngokuzumayo, kodwa kancane kancane. Ungase ungaboni noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu emzimbeni wakho noma ngabe unalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, qaphela uma uqala ukuzwa noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka obuhlala njalo.
• Isiyezi.
• Isikhumba esimhlophe kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kunjengokungathi igazi elincane elibonakalayo.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuzizwa njengoklebe (Ukuphefumula okuncane).
• Isikhumba esikhanyayo, isikhumba esomile noma isikhumba esinamanxeba kalula singavela.

Okubalulekile: Ukuba nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ezimbili zalezi akusho ukuthi une-normocytic anemia. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Odokotela benza ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningana ukuze bathole i-normocytic anemia.

• Ukubalwa Kwegazi Okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kungakutshela okuningi ngezinga le-hemoglobin yakho, inani lamaseli abomvu egazi, kanye nosayizi. I-Nomocytic isho ukuthi amaseli abomvu egazi ajwayelekile ngobukhulu, kodwa inani lawo liphansi.
• Ukuskena Kwegazi Okuzungezile: Lokhu kuhlolwa kubheka amangqamuzana egazi ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuhlola ukuma kwawo, isakhiwo sawo, njll. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni isifo esiyisisekelo esibangela i-normocytic anemia.
• Inani lama-Reticulocyte: Ama-Reticulocyte amangqamuzana abomvu egazi asanda kwakheka angakavuthwa ngokugcwele. Lokhu kuhlola kuhlola ukuthi umnkantsha wakho ukhiqiza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele yini anempilo.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-normocytic anemia ivame ukuba uphawu lwesimo esingaphansi esingakabonakali, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuthola ukuthi siyini ngempela isimo esingaphansi. Isibonelo, uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona, angenza izivivinyo zegazi ezengeziwe, izivivinyo zamaprotheni omchamo, noma izivivinyo zezithombe.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Normocytic Anemia?

Kwelashwa ngokwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo . Kalula nje, lapho isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela i-normocytic anemia selashwa, i-anemia nayo izothuthuka.

Ake sithi une-anemia ngenxa yesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona. Odokotela bagxila ekwelapheni isifo sezinso. Njengoba siphela, izimpawu ze-anemia nazo zizoncipha.

Kodwa-ke, uma une -anemia enzima , odokotela bangakunikeza imithi yokusiza umongo wakho wamathambo ukuthi wakhe amaseli egazi abomvu engeziwe.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ukuthi kwenzeke?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-normocytic anemia ingavela, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusho ukuthi izovela nini noma ukuthi ingavinjelwa kanjani. Esikhathini esiningi, ibangelwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha osunaso kakade.

Ngakho-ke, nakuba kungase kungenzeki ukukuvimbela ngokuphelele, ungase ukwazi ukunciphisa umthelela wako. Uma unesifo esingamahlalakhona, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi sikubeka yini engozini yokuthola i-normocytic anemia. Uma kunjalo, buza ngezimpawu ze-anemia. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kuthiwani uma ngine-normocytic anemia? Yini engingayilindela?

I-Normocytic anemia ingaba uphawu lwezinkinga eziningana zezokwelapha. Ezinye azizimbi kakhulu, kodwa ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma unalesi simo, ukubikezela kwakho kuncike ezintweni eziningana. Okungukuthi, yisiphi isifo esikubangele ukuba ube ne-anemia, indlela osabela ngayo ekwelashweni kwaleso sifo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Uma unenkinga ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho . Angakunikeza ulwazi olungcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.

Uma une-normocytic anemia, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele unesifo esingamahlalakhona. Ukuphila naleso sifo kuyinselele. Ngakho-ke le-anemia ingenye into okufanele uyilawule. Nazi ezinye izinto ezingakusiza:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. I-anemia ivame ukubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-iron, i-vitamin B12, kanye ne-vitamin B9 (folic acid). Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nezithasiselo zamavithamini.
• I-anemia iyakhathaza kakhulu umzimba, ngakho-ke phumula ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Phuza amanzi anele (hlala unamanzi emzimbeni).
• Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ugweme izifo.

Ungase uthole ukuthi une-normocytic anemia ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile, noma ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi ngenxa yezinye zezimpawu zakho. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kungenxa yesifo esingamahlalakhona esithinta amangqamuzana akho abomvu egazi. Kungenzeka ukuthi usunesikhathi eside wazi ngalesi sifo, noma kungaba izindaba ezintsha nezishaqisayo kuwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Lokhu kuzokunikeza umbono wokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu esizifundile kulokhu? (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sizikhumbuze amanye amaqiniso abaluleke kakhulu nge-Normocytic Anemia esikhulume ngawo namuhla:

• I-Normocytic anemia ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi , kodwa ubukhulu bamaseli abomvu egazi bujwayelekile.
• Izizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu yilezi:Ukopha, ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, noma ukuwohloka okusheshayo kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
• Ngokuvamile, lesi simo sivela njengophawu lwesinye isifo esingamahlalakhona esiyisisekelo .
• Izimpawu ezinjengokukhathala , isiyezi, isikhumba esikhanyayo, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula zingase zibe khona.
• Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo.
• Uma unalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ungakhathazeki, lesi simo singalawulwa ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Khumbula, nguwe okufanele uqaphele kakhulu impilo yakho. Uma unokungabaza okuncane kakhulu nganoma yini, ungalokothi unqikaze ukukhuluma nodokotela.

I - anemia, i-normocytic anemia, ukuntuleka kwegazi, amaseli abomvu egazi, i-hemoglobin, izifo ezingamahlalakhona, izifo zezinso