Ingabe nawe uzizwa sengathi umane wehlisa isisindo kulezi zinsuku? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla malini, awukwazi ukukhuluphala? Ingabe unezimpawu ezifana nokuthi inhliziyo yakho iyashaya ngamandla, uthukuthele ngezinto ezincane, futhi ujuluka njalo? Ungase ucabange ukuthi kungenxa yokucindezeleka okungaphansi kwakho kulezi zinsuku. Kodwa lezi zingaba izimpawu zesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hyperthyroidism'. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini lokhu i-hyperthyroidism?
Kalula nje, i-hyperthyroidism ilapho i-thyroid gland emise okwebhabhathane entanyeni yethu isebenza ngokweqile futhi ikhiqize i-thyroid hormone eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile'.
Cabanga ngomzimba wethu njengemoto. I-accelerator elawula ijubane lenjini (i-metabolism) yale moto yi-hormone ye-thyroid. Ngokuvamile, le accelerator isebenza ngendlela elawulwayo. Kodwa ku-hyperthyroidism, kuba sengathi othile unyathele le accelerator. Khona-ke yonke inqubo emzimbeni, kusukela ekushayweni kwenhliziyo kuya ekugayweni kokudla, iqala ukwenzeka ngesivinini esikhulu. Yingakho uzizwa ukhathele futhi ungaphumuli.
Amahomoni ayinhloko alawula ukusebenza kwemizimba yethu, okungukuthi, izinga lokuguqulwa kokudla esikudlayo kube amandla, yi -thyroxine (T4) kanye ne -triiodothyronine (T3) . I-thyroid gland iyalwa ukuba ikhiqize la mahomoni yi-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-TSH (i-Thyroid Stimulating Hormone), evela ku-pituitary gland ebuchosheni. Ku-hyperthyroidism, la mahomoni e-T3 kanye ne-T4 akhishwa ngokweqile.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile ze-hyperthyroidism?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-hyperthyroidism ithinta wonke umzimba wethu, kungaba nezimpawu eziningi. Ungase ube nezimbalwa nje zalezi, noma ungase ube nazo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lezi zimpawu zingase ziqale ngokuzumayo noma zikhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, ake sibheke lezi zici kuthebula.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-tachycardia) | Kuzwakala sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngamandla ngisho noma umile nje. Ngezinye izikhathi ungakuzwa ukushaya esifubeni sakho ngaphandle. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo | Ngisho noma isifiso sokudla sihlala sivamile, noma sikhulu nakakhulu, isisindo somzimba siyancipha nje. |
| Ukungahlaliseki nokucasuka | Ngizizwa ngikhathazekile, ngimane ngingahlaliseki. Ngithukuthela ngokushesha ngisho nangezinto ezincane kakhulu. |
| Ukuthuthumela | Kukhona ukuthuthumela okuncane, ikakhulukazi ezandleni. |
| Ukujuluka ngokweqile | Uzizwa ushisa futhi ujuluka njalo, ngisho noma abanye benokushisa okuvamile. |
| Ukungalali | Ubuthongo buyancipha ebusuku ngenxa yesimo sengqondo esingazinzile. |
| Izinguquko ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla | Uhudo noma isidingo sokuya endlini yangasese njalo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele | Ukuncipha kwezinwele, ubuthakathaka, kanye nokuphuma kwazo ngokweqile kunokujwayelekile. |
| Izinguquko emijikelezweni yokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane | Ukopha kokuya esikhathini okunciphile noma okuyekile. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwentamo (i-goiter) | Ukuvuvukala kubonakala ngaphambili kwentamo ngenxa yokwanda kwendlala yegilo. |
| Amehlo avelele | Amehlo avuvukile noma avele ngaphandle. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwisifo sikaGraves. |
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva.
Kungani i-hyperthyroidism yenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?
Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko ze-hyperthyroidism.
- Isifo sikaGraves: Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu. Kalula nje, amasosha omzimba wethu ayaphazamiseka futhi athumele isignali engalungile endlaleni ye-thyroid ukuze 'yenze ama-hormone amaningi'. Lesi yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba. Uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo se-thyroid noma ezinye izifo zokuzivikela komzimba, usengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.
- Amaqhubu e-thyroid: Amaqhubu amancane akheka endlaleni ye-thyroid. Amanye ala maqhubu aqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone ngokwawo. La maqhubu cishe awaba nomdlavuza.
- I-thyroiditis: Ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kwendlala yegilo. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ama-hormone agcinwe endlaleni angene egazini ngokuzumayo, okubangela i-hyperthyroidism yesikhashana. Ngemva kokuba isimo sesiphelile, indlala ingase ingasebenzi kahle, okubangela i-hypothyroidism.
- Ukudla i-iodine ngokweqile: I-iodine ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwama-hormone e-thyroid. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha imithi noma ukudla okuthile okuningi (njengokudla kwasolwandle) okuqukethe i-iodine kungashukumisa i-gland ukuthi ikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu.
- I-pituitary adenoma: Lena imbangela engavamile kakhulu. Isimila esincane esikhula e-pituitary gland ebuchosheni sikhiqiza i-TSH eningi kakhulu, okuphoqa i-thyroid gland ukuthi iqhubeke nokwenza ama-hormone.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, bazolandela izinyathelo eziningana ukuze bathole ukuthi unesifo esingakanani.
1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Okokuqala, udokotela uzokuxilonga. Bazobheka izinto ezifana ne-thyroid gland evuvukele entanyeni yakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, izandla ezithuthumelayo, kanye nesikhumba esithambile.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-thyroid: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu nokunembile. Kuhlola amazinga ama-hormone e-T3, T4, kanye ne-TSH egazini lakho. Umuntu one-hyperthyroidism uvame ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-T3 kanye ne-T4, kanti amazinga e-TSH avame ukuba aphansi .
3.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-antibody ye-thyroid: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi isifo sikaGraves sibangela lesi simo yini.
4. Ezinye izivivinyo: Uma kudingeka, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi wenze okuthile okufana ne-thyroid ultrasound noma ukuhlolwa kwe-radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU). Ungakhathazeki ngakho, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela konke.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-hyperthyroidism?
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism iyisimo esingelapheka futhi esilawulekayo. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe embangela kanye nesimo sesimo sakho.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Indlela esebenza ngayo nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi |
|---|---|
| Imithi yokulwa ne-thyroid (imithi evimba ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid) | Le mithi (isib. iMethimazole, iPropylthiouracil) isebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone e-thyroid. Lesi simo singalawulwa zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lena yindlela yokwelapha evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-iodine ekhishwa ngemisebe (RAI) | Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza i-capsule noma uketshezi oluqukethe i-iodine ekhipha imisebe. Le iodine iya ngqo endlaleni ye-thyroid futhi ibhubhise amaseli lapho. Lokhu kwelapha ngokuphelele i-hyperthyroidism. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, indlala ayisebenzi unomphela, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe amaphilisi e-hormone ye-thyroid (i-levothyroxine) impilo yakho yonke. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ukuhlinzwa kokususa yonke noma ingxenye yendlala yegilo (i-thyroidectomy) nakho kungakwelapha i-hyperthyroidism, kodwa ngokuvamile kuzodingeka uphuze amaphilisi e-thyroid hormone impilo yakho yonke. |
| Ama-Beta-blocker | Le mithi ayinciphisi amazinga ama-hormone. Iyasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela, kanye nokungaphumuli. Inikezwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. |
Kwenzekani uma ingelashwa?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma i-hyperthyroidism ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
- Isifo senhliziyo: Izimo ezifana ne-atrial fibrillation (Afib) kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana.
- Ukungazali
- Isifo sohlangothi (i-Ischemic stroke)
- I-Osteoporosis: Amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula, ngisho noma ewa kancane.
Inkinga eyingozi kakhulu futhi engase isongela ukuphila yalokhu yi -'Thyroid Storm' . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kukhishwa khona ama-hormone e-thyroid ngokuzumayo emzimbeni. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi umkhuhlane ophakeme kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
Ingabe udinga ukuqaphela ngokudla nokuphuza?
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukudla ukudla okuningi kakhulu okune-iodine eningi (ukudla kwasolwandle, ulwandle, inkalankala, i-shrimp, usawoti one-iodine) kungenza lesi simo sibe sibi kakhulu. Ngakho udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukudla okune-iodine eningi.
Kodwa khumbula, lesi sifo asinakwelapheka ngokulawula ukudla kwakho kuphela. Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka ngempela. Qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu ekudleni kwakho.
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okusha kungaba yinto ecindezelayo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-hyperthyroidism yisimo esingelashwa futhi silawulwe. Uma uzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho usebenza ngokushesha kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Angenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi akunike ukwelashwa okudingayo ukuze umzimba wakho ubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hyperthyroidism iyindlala ye-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokwehla kwesisindo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nokujuluka ngokweqile.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungazinaki bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula.
- Lesi yisimo esingelashwa futhi silawulwe kahle. Ngakho ungesabi. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo.
- Uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu njengesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi.
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