Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani emizimbeni yethu ngemva kwengozi enkulu noma lapho silahlekelwa igazi eliningi? Noma yisiphi isimo esibi esingase senzeke lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi ngenxa yohudo oluqhubekayo nokuhlanza ? Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic, esikhuluma ngakho namuhla, kuyisimo esiyingozi kakhulu futhi esisongela ukuphila esingase senzeke ngaleso sikhathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lokhu kahle nokwenza okuthile ngesikhathi.
Kuyini ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic?
Kalula nje, lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esenzeka lapho inani elikhulu legazi noma olunye uketshezi (isib. uketshezi oluvela ekuhlanzeni noma ekuhudweni) luphuma emzimbeni wethu ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inani eliphelele legazi elijikelezayo emzimbeni wethu, noma umthamo wegazi, lehle ngokuzumayo. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi libizwa ngokuthi 'ukushaqeka okuphansi'.
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela impilo , ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Cabanga ngakho, igazi libalulekile ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu, ukuvimba igazi lapho siphuma igazi, nokuthwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba kuwo wonke amaseli. Ngakho-ke lapho inani legazi lehla kakhulu, izitho zethu ezinkulu njengenhliziyo yethu, ubuchopho, nezinso azitholi umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lezo zitho azikwazi ukusebenza kahle.
Lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa ukulimala okukhulu, njengokuqhuma komthambo wegazi, okubangela ukopha ngokweqile. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukushaqeka kwegazi . Kungabangelwa nokusha okukhulu, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, kanye nesifo sohudo.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Izimpawu zalokhu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha zangaphambilini, imbangela yokulahleka kwegazi noma uketshezi, ukuthi kwenzeke ngokushesha kangakanani, nokuthi kulahleke malini.
Ake sibheke ezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha okukhulu | Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile ekulimaleni. Kodwa-ke, akubonakali ekopheni kwangaphakathi, njengokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (ukukhulelwa komntwana ngaphandle kwesibeletho) noma ukulimala kwesitho somzimba. |
| Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okusheshayo | Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha ngoba inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba. |
| Ukuphefumula kuba ngokushesha futhi kube kufushane. | Ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni, ukuphefumula kuqala ukushesha nokungajulile. |
| Ubuthakathaka bomzimba, ukukhathala | Umzimba uzizwa ungenampilo ngoba amangqamuzana awatholi amandla adingekayo kanye nomoya-mpilo. |
| Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi | Lesi simo senzeka lapho inani legazi eligeleza liye ebuchosheni lehla. Ngisho nokukhuluma kungaphazamiseka. |
| Ukuncipha noma ukuyeka ukuchama | Ngenxa yokungagelezi kwegazi ngokwanele ezinso, ukukhiqizwa komchamo kwehla. Lokhu kuyimpawu eyingozi kakhulu. |
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophansi | Umfutho wegazi uyehla ngenxa yokwehla komthamo wegazi emzimbeni. |
| Isikhumba Esipholile, Esinolaka | Umzimba unciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezifana nemilenze futhi uqondise igazi ezithweni ezibalulekile njengenhliziyo nobuchopho, okwenza isikhumba sibande futhi sijuluke. |
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Izimbangela zalokhu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: lezo ezibangelwa ukopha kanye nalezo ezibangelwa ukukhishwa koketshezi ngaphandle kokopha.
Izimbangela zokuphuma kwegazi
- Ukuphuka kwamathambo amakhulu, njenge-hip
- Ukusikeka okujulile ekhanda nasentanyeni
- Ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba esiswini, njenge- spleen, isibindi, nezinso, ngenxa yengozi yemoto noma ukuwa
- Umgodi noma ukuqhekeka enhliziyweni noma emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi (njenge-aortic aneurysm)
- Ukopha okuvela ezilondeni endleleni yokugaya ukudla
- Ukukhulelwa kwesisu
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-placenta ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- Ukuqhekeka kwe-ovary cyst
- Ukopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma kungakapheli amahora angama-24 ngemuva kokubeletha
Izimbangela zokungophi igazi
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu
- Uhudo oluqhubekayo nokuhlanza
- Ukulahlekelwa uketshezi emzimbeni ngenxa yokusha okukhulu
- Ukuqongelela koketshezi endaweni eyodwa yomzimba ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne -pancreatitis
Izigaba Ezine Zokushaqeka Kwe-Hypovolemic
Izigaba ezine zitholakale kuye ngokuthi lesi simo sibucayi kangakanani, okunqunywa inani legazi noma uketshezi olulahlekile emzimbeni.
| Isiteji | Inani lokulahlekelwa yigazi/uketshezi | Izimpawu |
|---|---|---|
| Isigaba 1 | Kufika ku-15% (cishe amamililitha angu-750) | Umfutho wegazi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nokuchama kuyinto evamile. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile kancane. |
| Isigaba sesi-2 | 15% – 30% (750-1500 ml) | Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda. Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile. Isikhumba singase sibanda kancane. |
| Isigaba 3 | 30% – 40% (1500-2000 ml) | Umfutho wegazi wehla kakhulu. Ukuchama kuphansi kakhulu. Izandla nezinyawo kuyabanda. Kudideke kakhulu. |
| Isigaba 4 | Ngaphezu kuka-40% (ngaphezu kuka-2000 ml) | Isimo esibi kakhulu. Inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu. Umfutho wegazi uphansi kakhulu. Ukuchama kuyayeka. Ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha. |
Lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kanjani?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukuyisa isiguli esibhedlela, ikakhulukazi i-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) , ngokushesha okukhulu. Endleleni eya lapho, uma kukhona ukopha okubonakalayo, kufanele uzame ukukuvimba ngokukucindezela ngendwangu ehlanzekile.
Esibhedlela, ithimba lezokwelapha lizoqala ngokuzama ukusindisa impilo yakho.
- Bazohlala behlola izinga lokushisa kwakho, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, kanye nomfutho wegazi (izinto ezibalulekile).
- Ukuhlolwa okufana ne -X-ray, i-ultrasound scan, kanye ne-CT scan kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo kuyenziwa.
- I- ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) yenziwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
Njengokwelashwa, kunezinhloso ezintathu eziyinhloko:
1. Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo omningi ngangokunokwenzeka kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba.
2. Ukuyeka noma ukulawula ukopha.
3. Ukufaka esikhundleni segazi elilahlekile kanye noketshezi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, uzonikezwa usawoti (i-IV fluids) nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni. Uma umthamo wegazi lakho wehle ngaphezu kuka-30%, kungadingeka ukuthi umpontshelwe igazi . Uma kukhona ukopha kwangaphakathi noma inkinga yabesifazane, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ukuze kumiswe.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Uma lesi simo singelashwa ngendlela efanele futhi ngesikhathi, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu.
- Uma lokhu kubangelwa ukulimala, ukutheleleka kungavela.
- Ukulimala okungapheli kwezitho zomzimba njengezinso, inhliziyo, kanye nobuchopho.
- Ekugcineni, ngisho nokufa kungenzeka.
Ukululama kwakho kuncike ekutheni uthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha kangakanani, ukuthi ulahlekelwe yigazi elingakanani, nokuthi unezinye izinkinga zempilo yini. Ngakho-ke uma usola noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uhambise isiguli esibhedlela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa ukulahlekelwa igazi noma uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni.
- Izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu kungaba ukopha okukhulu, ukuhlanza/uhudo oluqhubekayo, kanye nokusha okukhulu.
- Uma ubona izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukudideka, kanye nokubanda kwesikhumba , thatha isiguli ngokushesha usiyise e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) yesibhedlela.
- Ukuhlehlisa ukwelashwa kungaholela ekulimaleni kwezitho zomzimba njengezinso ngisho nokufa, ngakho-ke isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo usola lesi simo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalokothi uzishaye indiva lezi zimpawu.
Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic IsiSinhala, umthamo wegazi ophansi, umfutho wegazi ophansi, izingozi, ukopha ngokweqile, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukushaqeka
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