Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutholile wena noma othile omaziyo ukuthi unomdlavuza futhi wakutshela ukuthi badinga ukwelashwa ngemisebe? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi `IGRT.' Ungase wesabe kancane uma uzwa lokhu, uzibuze, 'Kuyini lokhu?' Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngakho ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda. Lena indlela ethuthukisiwe kakhulu nephephile esetshenziswa ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
Kuyini i-IGRT kalula?
Kalula nje, i-Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) iyindlela ekhethekile yokunikeza ukwelashwa ngemisebe. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza nokunciphisa noma ukuqeda ngokuphelele izimila.
Cabanga ukuthi umdlavuza emzimbeni wakho uyanyakaza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Isibonelo, umdlavuza emaphashini akho ungase unyakaze uma uphefumula. Uma-ke, uma uletha imisebe ngendlela evamile, kungenzeka ukuthi ayiwuthinti ngqo umdlavuza, kodwa kunalokho yonakalise izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile.
Ubuchwepheshe be-IGRT busetshenziswa njengesixazululo sale nkinga. Njengomuntu onekhono lokusniper, lobu buchwepheshe bukhomba indawo eqondile yamaseli omdlavuza futhi buwaqondise ngamandla emisebe.
Lolu uhlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle (i-EBRT). Lusebenzisa umshini okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi i-LINAC. Lo mshini uqondisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (i-X-ray/photon beams) kumdlavuza. Okubaluleke kakhulu, lo mshini awulokothi uthinte umzimba wakho.
Nge-IGRT, udokotela wakho uthatha izithombe ezintsha ngaphambi nangesikhathi seseshini yokwelashwa. Ngokuqhathanisa lezo zithombe nezangaphambilini, bangakwazi ukulungisa ngokushesha imisebe yemisebe ukuze babone ukuthi indawo yomdlavuza ishintshile kancane yini. Lokhu kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezinempilo.
Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lusetshenziselwa ziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza?
Odokotela be-radiation oncologists bavame ukusebenzisa i-IGRT ukwelapha izinhlobo ezilandelayo zomdlavuza:
- Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
- Umdlavuza we-prostate
- Umdlavuza wobuchopho
- Umdlavuza wesisu
- Umdlavuza wezifo zabesifazane, njengomdlavuza wesibeletho, wesibeletho, noma wesitho sangasese sowesifazane
- Umdlavuza wekhanda nentamo
Ngokuvamile, i-IGRT isetshenziswa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngemisebe ezithuthukisiwe, njenge-`(IMRT)` (Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy) noma i-`(SBRT)` (Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy).
Ngingalungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?
Uma unikezwe lo muthi, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ngokucacile ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile, "iseshini yokuhlela ukwelashwa" (ukulingiswa kokwelashwa) kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa kwangempela kuqale.
Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amaskeni nezithombe zomzimba wakho, ukuthatha izilinganiso ezinembile kakhulu usebenzisa imisebe ye-laser, nokudala uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe ngqo. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuchazela konke kusengaphambili, ngakho-ke asikho isizathu sokwesaba.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?
Njengezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngemisebe yangaphandle, ulala phansi etafuleni lokwelashwa. Bese umshini uqondisa imisebe yemisebe kumdlavuza.
Yilapho i-IGRT ingena khona. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lithatha amaskeni amasha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa bese liqhathanisa lezo zithombe nalezo ezithathwe ngesikhathi sokuhlela kwangaphambilini. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaskeni zingasetshenziswa kulokhu.
| Uhlobo Lokuskena Olusetshenzisiwe |
|---|
| I-X-ray |
| Iskeni se-Computed Tomography (CT) |
| Ukuskena kwe-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
| Ukuskena kwe-Positron Emission Tomography (PET) |
| Ukuskena nge-ultrasound |
Ngezinye izikhathi imishini engenza lokhu kuskena yakhelwe emshinini okhipha imisebe. Noma, ungase uyiswe etafuleni lapho kukhona khona isikena.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani lokhu kwelashwa?
Iningi lezikhathi zokwelashwa ze-IGRT zihlala phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-15 nengama-20 . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi zingahlala imizuzu engama-30 noma ngisho nehora. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa kufanele kumiswe phakathi, kuthathwe amaskeni amasha, futhi indawo yomsebe wemisebe noma indawo yetafula okulo kufanele ilungiswe. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokuchazela lokhu kusenesikhathi.
Izinzuzo nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa kwe-IGRT
Ukwelashwa kwe-IGRT kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile yokwelapha umdlavuza ezingxenyeni zomzimba ezihambayo.
- Inhloso inembile kakhulu: Ngenxa yokuthi ihlose umdlavuza kuphela, ukwelashwa kuphumelele kakhulu.
- Ukuvikelwa kwezicubu ezinempilo: Ukuchayeka emisebeni ezicutshini ezinempilo ezizungeze umdlavuza kuncishisiwe.
- Imiphumela emibi embalwa: Ngenxa yokuthi kunomonakalo omncane ezicutshini ezinempilo, kungase kube nemiphumela emibi embalwa kuneyokwelashwa ngemisebe okuvamile.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Isikhathi sokululama kanye nemiphumela emibi kungahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa eminye imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa:
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Izinguquko zesikhumba (isib. ukubomvu, ukulunywa)
Okubalulekile: Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Uma imiphumela emibi imibi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe noma ingapheli, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-IGRT, i-IMRT kanye ne-SBRT?
La magama amathathu angadida kancane. Konke lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ngemisebe ethuthukisiwe. Ake sibheke umehluko omkhulu.
| Ubuchwepheshe | Isici Esiyinhloko |
|---|---|
| I-IMRT (Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Okuguquliwe Kakhulu) | Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokushintsha ubukhali bomsebe wemisebe kusetshenziswa izithombe ezithwetshuliwe ngaphambi kokuqala kokwelashwa. |
| Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Yomzimba Ye-Stereotactic ( SBRT ) | Ngokusekelwe ezithombeni ezithathwe ngaphambi kokwelashwa, umthamo omkhulu kakhulu wemisebe ulethwa ngokunemba okukhulu, ngezikhathi eziningana. |
| I-IGRT (Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe Okuqondiswa Yisithombe) | Izithombe zithathwa ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokwelashwa, futhi kwenziwa izinguquko ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusekelwe endaweni yomdlavuza. |
Odokotela bahlala bezama ukukhetha indlela ephumelela kakhulu nephephile yokwelapha umdlavuza. I-IGRT ingenye yaleyo mizamo. Uma unomdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzohlola isimo sakho futhi ancome ukwelashwa ngemisebe okufanele futhi okuphephile kakhulu kuwe. Bazokujabulela ukuchaza ukuthi kungani bencoma i-IGRT, inqubo yokwelashwa, nokuthi yini okufanele uyilindele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nangemva kwalokho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IGRT iyindlela yokwelapha ethuthukisiwe eletha imisebe eqondiswe ngqo kumaseli omdlavuza.
- Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi izithombe zingatholakala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi ngisho nesimila esihambayo singaqondiswa ngqo.
- Umgomo oyinhloko ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngenkathi uvikela izicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, kodwa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuyilawula.
- Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nalokhu kwelashwa.
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