Ingabe umlutha wokusebenzisa izinto zasekhaya ukuze udakwe? Ake sixoxe nge-(Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Ukuphefumula)

Wake wacabanga ukuthi ezinye izinto zasekhaya zansuku zonke, njengemikhiqizo yokuhlanza, i-chewing gum, noma upende wokufutha, zingasetshenziswa ukukudakisa? Lokhu kungaba yinkinga enkulu kwabanye abantu. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Inhalant Use Disorder)`. Kalula nje, lokhu futhi uhlobo lokulutha izidakamizwa. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, ngoba lokhu kuyinto sonke okudingeka siyiqaphele.

Kuyini lokhu "(Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Ukuphefumula)"? Ake sikuqonde kalula, akunjalo?

Kalula nje, "(Inhalant Use Disorder)" kuwumlutha wokuzama ukudakwa ngokuhogela amakhemikhali athile atholakala ezintweni zasekhaya noma ezindaweni zokusebenza zansuku zonke. Kubizwa nangokuthi "ukuhogela," "ukufaka esikhwameni" noma "ukuhudula" (ukufaka indwangu). Cabanga nje, kunemikhiqizo engaphezu kwe-1,000 engasetshenziswa ngale ndlela! Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Isihlanzi sehhavini
• Iglue yemodeli
• Upende wokufafaza
• Upende omncane
• Uketshezi lokuhlanza
• Ukususa i-nail polish
• Uphethiloli
• Uketshezi olulula

Uma usebenzisa lezi zinto, lawo makhemikhali aya ngqo ebuchosheni futhi avuselele ngokushesha "izinhlelo zokuqinisa nokunikeza umvuzo" ebuchosheni bethu. Njengezinye izidakamizwa. Yingakho lezi zinto zingaba umlutha kangaka. Uma umuntu eba umlutha wazo, konke okunye empilweni yakhe kungaba yinto engathandeki. Lokhu kungaba nemiphumela emibi hhayi empilweni yakhe kuphela, kodwa nasempilweni yakhe yonke.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu? Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Lokhu kuyadabukisa ngempela. Ngoba, iningi lalabo abasebenzisa lawa ma-'(Inhalants)' yizingane kanye nabantu abasha abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-12 no-17. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izingane ezineminyaka engu-5 ubudala ziye zawasebenzisa lawa. Kungani laba bantu abasha besebenzisa lokhu? Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi lezi zinto zishibhile futhi kulula ukuzithola. Ziyinto etholakala ekhaya.

Cabanga nje, kunzima ngengane encane ukuthenga ugwayi noma ibhodlela lotshwala esitolo. Kodwa akunzima kangako ukuthola i-spray noma ipayipi likashumu ekhaya.

Ngokuvamile, laba bantu abasha baqala ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhogela ngaphambi kokuba basebenzise ugwayi, utshwala, noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezinamandla. Futhi, amadoda asengozini enkulu yokuthinteka yilesi simo kunabesifazane.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu? Ukubona kanjani?

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho noma othile omaziyo uluthekile entweni efana nale, qaphela lezi zimpawu.

Izimpawu ezibonakalayo ngokomzimba:

• Ngokuphefumula noma ngezinguboKukhona iphunga lamakhemikhali.
• Kukhona upende noma amanye amabala ezandleni zakho, eminweni, noma ezingutsheni.
• Uma ukhuluma , amagama ayaxaka futhi angacaci.
• Impumulo egelezayo noma ukuphuma kwegazi njalo.
• Kukhona izilonda noma ukubomvu/ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba esizungeze ikhala nomlomo.
• Uhlala ebukeka ekhathele.

Izinguquko zokuziphatha:

• Ubonisa ukunganaki konke.
• Kukhona ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo.
• Kungazelelwe , abangane bayashintsha, izinto abazithandayo ziyashintsha.
• Kukhona ukushiyeka okukhulu emsebenzini wesikole .
• Ukukhathazeka kwabo ngokuhlanzeka nokuhleleka kuye kwehla.

Izici ezibonakalayo engqondweni:

• Ukudideka.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo (Ukugxilisa ingqondo kabi).
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukuthukuthela ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukungahlaliseki (Ukucasuka).
• Ubutha.
• Ukwesaba kuvela ngabanye abantu.

Uma ubona eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzinaka.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwalezi "(ezifuthwayo)" kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zomzimba nezengqondo. Ezinye zalezi zibangelwa ngqo ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kanti ezinye zibangelwa ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (isib. ucansi olungaphephile, ukuntuleka kwezindlu ezizinzile).

Izinkinga zempilo yomzimba:

• Isifo sofuba
• I-HIV/AIDS
• Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi
• I-Bronchitis
• Isifuba somoya
• I-Sinusitis

Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo:

• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukukhathazeka
• Isifo sengqondo esibangelwa ukuphefumula
• Isifo esikhulu noma esincane se-neurocognitive
• Ukuphambuka kokudakwa okubangelwa ukuhogela

Uma uzwa lezi zinto, uyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína kangakanani, akunjalo?

Odokotela basinquma kanjani lesi simo?

Odokotela baxilonga i-Inhalant Use Disorder ngokusho kwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Kalula nje, lesi simo sixilongwa lapho ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-inhalants kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma ukulimala empilweni yomuntu, noma lapho kukhona indlela eyinkinga yokusebenzisa .

Udokotela okulesi simoNquma ukuthi okungenani ezimbili zezici ezilandelayo kumele zibe khona phakathi nonyaka:

• Ukuzizwa unesifiso esinamandla noma unesifiso sokusebenzisa izinto zokufutha.
• Ngisho noma kukhona isifiso esinamandla sokuyeka ukusebenzisa izinto zokufutha, imizamo yokwenza lokho iyahluleka.
• Kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukuthola, ukusebenzisa, nokululama ekuphefumuleni.
• Lokhu kubangela izinkinga emsebenzini, esikoleni, nasebudlelwaneni bomndeni, kodwa bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinto zokufutha.
• Ukusetshenziswa komoya ophefumulayo kubangela ukuyekwa kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yobungcweti, yezenhlalo, noma yokuzijabulisa.
• Naphezu kokwazi imiphumela emibi engokomzimba yalokhu, abantu bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinto zokufutha.
• Ukuze uthole "ukuphakama" okufanayo owawunakho ngaphambili , manje udinga ukuhogela okwengeziwe (ukubekezelela).

Uma unezinye zalezi zinto, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela zokwelapha lesi simo, i-Inhalant Use Disorder. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zifana kakhulu nalezo ezisetshenziswa kwezinye izidakamizwa eziluthayo.

• Ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye: Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kukufundisa indlela yokubhekana nezimo ezicindezelayo, ukulawula izifiso zakho zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, nokumelana nokucindezela kontanga.
• Ukwelulekwa komndeni: Lokhu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana, ubudlelwano, kanye nezindlela zokuziphatha emndenini. Ngoba ukwesekwa komndeni kubaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwenkinga.
• Ukungenelela okushukumisayo: Lolu uhlobo oluthile lokwelulekwa olunikeza intsha ugqozi abaludingayo ukuze benze izinguquko empilweni yabo.
• Izinhlelo zemisebenzi nokuzibandakanya: Lokhu kunikeza amakhono amasha kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuxhumana nabantu. Lokhu kubalulekile njengendlela ehlukile yokusebenzisa umuthi wokuphefumula. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezifana nobusuku bama-movie, ukudansa, kanye nokuhamba ngezinyawo. Kungakusiza futhi uhlangane nabangani abasha abangasebenzisi izidakamizwa.
• Amaqembu okusekela kanye nezinhlelo zezinyathelo ezingu-12: Izibonelo zifaka phakathi amaqembu afana ne-'Alcoholics Anonymous' kanye ne-'Narcotics Anonymous'. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokubuyela emuva futhi kugcine impilo engenazo izidakamizwa.

Kulabo abanomlutha omkhulu, ukwelashwa ohlelweni lokwelashwa oluhlala ekhaya kunganikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Kwenzekani uma uphuza ngokweqile ama-inhalants? Ingabe kuyingozi?

Yebo, kuyingozi ngempela!Eminye imikhiqizo, ikakhulukazi izinyibilikisi kanye nezifutho ze-aerosol, iqukethe amazinga aphezulu amakhemikhali ayingozi. Ngisho nokuhogela kanye nje kwalokhu kungabangela ukuquleka, i-coma, ngisho nokufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nakumuntu oqalayo ukuyisebenzisa.

Enye into eyingozi ukuphefumula ``(Ama-Inhalants)`` ngenkathi uphethe iphepha noma isikhwama sepulasitiki phezu kwekhanda lakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukuminyana nokufa. Futhi, ukuphefumula le mfucuza enobuthi esikhundleni somoya-mpilo emaphashini kungabangela ukufa ngokuminyana.

Uma umuntu eba ``(Ukweqisa Komoya)'', ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ukwelapha isimo esisongela ukuphila ngaleso sikhathi (isb., ukuvimba ukushaqeka, ukuqala kabusha inhliziyo). Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokuguqula imiphumela yokudakwa '`(Ukweqisa Komoya)''.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?

Yebo, singazama ukuvimbela lokhu ngezinga elithile. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukunikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuphila entsheni ezingeni lesikole kuye kwakwazi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kokuphefumula. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuphila kugxile kulokhu:

• Ukuthuthukisa ukuzethemba kanye namakhono okuxhumana.
• Ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu.
• Ukufundisa indlela yokuphatha ukukhathazeka kanye nokucindezeleka.

Izinhlelo ezisekelwe ezikoleni ezinjengalezi ziveze imiphumela emihle.

Singakwazi yini ukuphuma kulesi simo? Siyini isimo sengqondo?

Ikhono lokululama kulesi simo kanye nesibikezelo sesifo kuncike ezintweni eziningana.

• Ubunzima besifo.
• Izinga lokulutha.
• Ukuzibophezela ekuyekeni.
• Isikhathi sokwelashwa.
• Indlela yokubhekana nezimo ezicindezelayo.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngosizo olufanele, labo abahlushwa yilesi simo bangalulama futhi baphile impilo evamile neyanelisayo. Ngakho-ke, ukucela usizo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokululama. Bona udokotela wakho bese uxoxa ngalokhu.

Ungamsiza kanjani umuntu oseduze nawe uma lokhu kuyisisulu?

Kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kube yinselele ukwazi ukuthi othile omthandayo ubhekene nalokhu. Kodwa ungabasiza.

• Khuluma nabo ngokushesha: Kungcono ukukhuluma ngakho ngokushesha nje lapho ubona ukuthi kunenkinga. Uma umuntu one-Inhalant Use Disorder esheshe athole ukwelashwa, kungcono. Khuluma nabo ngezinto ezikukhathazayo futhi ubasize bathole ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Lalela ngozwela: Ngisho noma ungavumelani nezenzo zakhe, lalela ngokucophelela lokho akushoyo. Lapho eqonda ukuthi “uyalalela engikushoyo,” kulapho ezovula khona isifuba sakhe kuwe futhi akubone njengomuntu angamethemba.
• Iba nesineke:Ungacabangi ukuthi ukukhuluma ngakho kanye noma ukuthatha isinyathelo esisodwa kuzoxazulula le nkinga. Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Ukuphefumula iyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Azikho izixazululo ezisheshayo zaso.
• Zinakekele: Ngesikhathi usiza, ungase uzizwe ucindezelekile, ucindezelekile, unesizungu, noma udabukile. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa kubalulekile ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Uma unamandla, kulapho ungasiza khona omunye umuntu kangcono. Uma udinga usizo, zitholele usizo wena ngokwakho.

I-Inhalant Use Disorder iwumlutha owenzeka uma usebenzisa ama-inhalant ukuze udakwe. Uma unomuzwa wokuthi ukusebenzisa kwakho ama-inhalant kuthinta impilo yakho, ubudlelwano, umsebenzi, isikole, noma ezinye izici zokuphila kwakho, sekuyisikhathi sokufuna usizo. Uma ubona othile oseduze nawe ekhombisa lezi zimpawu, phakamisa ukuthi athole usizo ngokushesha okukhulu. Njengezinye izinkinga zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, i-inhalant use disorder iyisimo esingelapheka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokululama.

Isifinyezo salokho esikhulume ngakho (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Namuhla sikhulume ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "I-Inhalant Use Disorder" abantu abaningi abangase bangasazi, kodwa singaba yingozi kakhulu.

• Kalula nje, lokhu kuwumlutha "wokudakwa" ngokunuka izinto zasekhaya zansuku zonke (upende, ushuni, izinto zokuhlanza).
• Izingane ezincane zisengozini enkulu yalokhu, ngoba lezi zinto kulula ukuzithola.
• Izimpawu zalokhu zingaba ngokomzimba, ngokokuziphatha nangokwengqondo . Kubalulekile ukuzazi.
• Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ngisho nokufa .
• Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, kunezindlela zokwelapha lokhu. Ungathola usizo ngezinto ezifana ne-`(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)`, ukwelulekwa komndeni, kanye namaqembu okusekela.
• Ukuvimbela nakho kubalulekile. Izinhlelo ezithuthukisa amakhono okuphila esikoleni ziyasiza ngalokhu.
• Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ehlushwa yile nkinga, sicela ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma uthola usizo ngokushesha, kulapho ungalulama khona ngokushesha.

Khumbula, akudingeki uhlupheke wedwa esimweni esinjengalesi. Ukucela usizo kuyakunika amandla.

izinto zokuphefumula, izidakamizwa, umlutha, impilo yentsha, impilo yengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa utshwala, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, iSri Lanka