Ingabe kukhona iqhubu elingavamile endaweni yakho yomhlathi? Ake sifunde ngqo ngama-Jaw Cysts nama-Tumors!

Wake waphawula iqhubu elincane noma isimila emlonyeni wakho noma emhlathini wakho wazibuza ukuthi liyini? Noma wake wesaba lapho udokotela wamazinyo ebheka i-X-ray yakho wathi, "Kukhona into encane lapha"? Nakuba lezi zinto empeleni zingavamile kakhulu, zingenzeka kunoma ubani. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngama-Jaw Cysts nama-Tumors.

Ziyini lezi zimila zomhlathi kanye nezimila?

Kalula nje, lezi yizimila ezingakheka emlonyeni wakho, emathanjeni omhlathi wakho (kufaka phakathi amazinyo akho), noma ezicutshini ezithambile. I-jaw cyst iyisikhwama esigcwele uketshezi noma into ewuketshezi oluncane. Cabanga ngayo njenge-blister encane, kodwa yakha ngaphakathi kwezicubu. I-tumor, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyinqwaba eqinile yezicubu ezakhiwe ngamaseli angavamile. Zombili lezi zimila zivame ukuba zingenabungozi, noma azinawo umdlavuza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingakhula zibe nkulu, zithinte izicubu zobuso bakho nomlomo, kodwa ngokuvamile azisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, la maqhubu noma izimila ezihlobene nomhlathi zingaba yingozi, noma zibe umdlavuza. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi umdlavuza womhlathi . Uma kungelashwa, la maqhubu nezimila ezinomdlavuza zingasakazeka ngale komhlathi wakho ziye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ngakho-ke, uma ubona noma yikuphi ukukhula okusha endaweni yomhlathi wakho noma ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho, kubalulekile ukukubonisa udokotela. Ngisho noma iqhubu noma isimila singengozi, ezinye izinhlobo zingabangela ubuhlungu, zilimaze umhlathi, noma zikhiphe amazinyo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-cysts emihlathini kanye nama-tumors?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-cyst nama-tumors ahlobene nomhlathi. Odokotela bawahlukanisa njengangenabungozi noma anobungozi, nokuthi aqala ezicutshini ezihlobene nokukhula kwamazinyo (ama-cyst nama-tumors angenabungozi) noma kwezinye izicubu (ama-cyst nama-tumors angenabungozi).

Izinhlobo ezivamile zezimila zomhlathi ezingenabungozi kanye nezimila

Ngokuvamile, lezi akuzona izinhlobo zomdlavuza, okungukuthi, izinhlobo 'ezingembi' zamathumba nokukhula. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko:

• I-Ameloblastoma: Lesi isimila esikhula kancane, esingadala amazinyo angasebenzi kahle esivela ezicutshini ezakha amazinyo. Sivame ukuvela emhlathini wakho ongezansi, eduze kwamazinyo akho angemuva (ama-molars). Nakuba ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, ezinye izinhlobo ze-ameloblastoma zingaba yingozi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nakuba kuyisisu esingesibi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi singakhula ngokwanele ukushintsha ukuma komhlathi wakho noma sonakalise amazinyo akho.
• I-granuloma yeseli elikhulu eliphakathi:Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesimila 'esingesona esibi' esingadala ama-odontogenic. Sivame ukuvela ngaphambili komhlathi ongezansi. Kodwa-ke, singavela nasemhlathini ongaphezulu. Iningi lezimila libanga ukuvuvukala komhlathi okungenabuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, izimila ezikhula ngokushesha zingabangela ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu nokuguguleka kwamazinyo.
• Ama-cyst amazinyo: Lolu uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu lwe-odontogenic cyst, oluvela ezicutshini ezakha amazinyo. Lawa ama-cyst akhula kancane akha azungeze izicubu zamazinyo angaqhumanga emlonyeni. Avame ukwakheka eduze kwamazinyo akho angemuva (ama-molars). Ngezinye izikhathi, angatholakala eduze kwezinja eziphezulu, okungamazinyo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zamazinyo akho angaphambili.
• Ama-Odontogenic keratocysts: Lawa futhi ama-cyst akhula kancane. Avame ukwakheka eduze kwamazinyo angemuva (ama-molars). Ama-keratocysts amancane ngokuvamile awabuhlungu, kodwa ama-cyst amakhulu angabangela ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu. Lawa ma-cyst ngezinye izikhathi angaba uphawu lwesimo sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Gorlin syndrome . Lesi simo sandisa ingozi yokuthola ama-odontogenic keratocysts kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba.
• I-Odontogenic myxoma / myxofibroma: Lesi isimila esingenabungozi, esikhula kancane. Kodwa-ke, lesi simila singakhula sibe sikhulu ngokwanele ukuba sonakalise umhlathi wakho futhi sisuse amazinyo.
• I-Odontoma: Lesi yisisu esivame kakhulu esingenabungozi, esibangela ukungakhululeki. Uhlobo olulodwa luvame ukwenzeka emhlathini ongezansi futhi luqukethe izakhiwo eziningana ezifana namazinyo (`uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe`). Olunye uhlobo luvame ukwenzeka emhlathini ongaphezulu futhi luqukethe izicubu ezingavamile ezingafani namazinyo (`uhlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi`).
• Ama-cyst asePeriapical: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-jaw cyst. Abangelwa ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukulimala kwezinyo.

Ama-Cysts nama-Tumors angavamile

Ngenhlanhla, izimila zomhlathi kanye nama-cysts anomdlavuza, noma 'ayingozi' akuvamile kakhulu. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• I-Carcinoma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala ezicutshini ezithinta izitho zomzimba, imigudu yangaphakathi kanye nesikhumba.
• I-Sarcoma: Lona umdlavuza oqala emathanjeni noma ezicutshini ezithambile ezizungezile.
• I-Carcinosarcoma: Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yazo zombili izinhlobo zomdlavuza, `(Carcinoma)` kanye `(Sarcoma).`

Zivame kangakanani lezi zimila kanye nezimila ezihlobene nomhlathi?

Eqinisweni, izimila kanye namaqhubu ahlobene nomhlathi akuvamile kangako. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo eziyingozi noma ezinomdlavuza azivamile.

Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu ezindaweni ezithile banamathuba amaningi okuzithola lezi zifo. Isibonelo, eNyakatho Melika, yi-1% kuphela yokukhula okungavamile emlonyeni okubangelwa yizimila ezibangela ukucasuka. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, leli nani liphezulu lifinyelela ku-20%.

Yiziphi izimpawu uma ngineqhubu noma isimila emhlathini wami?

Esikhathini esiningi, la ma-cyst kanye nezimila zikhula kancane futhi azibangeli izimpawu. Ungase ungazi nokuthi unazo ngaphandle kokuthi zitholakale ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray yamazinyo noma ukuhlolwa kwesithombe senye inkinga yekhanda nentamo.

Kodwa-ke, lapho izimila ziba zinkulu, okusho ukuthi ziqala ukuhlasela izicubu ezinempilo eziseduze, izimpawu zingase zivele. Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu, ukuqina, noma ukuba ndikindiki endaweni yomhlathi.
• Ukuvuvukala (lokhu kungaba buhlungu noma kungase kuphele).
• Izinguquko ekubukekeni kobuso bakho.
• Iqhubu elisha ethanjeni lomhlathi (lokhu kungaba nzima noma kube mnene).
• Ushintsho endleleni amazinyo ahlangana ngayo (Ukushintsha ukuluma).
• Ukugaya amazinyo.

Yini ebangela la maqhubu emihlathini kanye namathumba?

Iningi lezimila zomhlathi kanye nezimila zikhula ngoba amangqamuzana asiza ekwenzeni amazinyo aziphathe ngendlela engajwayelekile, akha izimila noma amasaka agcwele uketshezi (ama-cyst). Yilokhu okwenzeka ekukhuleni kwe-"odontogenic". Kodwa-ke, amangqamuzana akudingeki ahileleke ekwakhekeni kwamazinyo ukuze akhule ngendlela engajwayelekile.

Ukukhula kwamaseli okungajwayelekile kuvame ukubangelwa izinguquko ku-DNA (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) . Njengoba wazi, i-DNA iyikhodi etshela amaseli ethu ukuthi akhule kanjani nokuthi ayeke nini. Uma kunezinkinga ngale khodi, inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwamaseli ingahamba kabi, okuholela ekukhuleni okungafuneki.

Isibonelo, abantu abane -Gorlin syndrome (i-nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome) banezinguquko ezibangela ukuthi amangqamuzana aqhubeke ehlukana ngisho noma kufanele ame. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abanalesi simo bavame ukuba nama-keratocysts amaningi angabonakali. Baphinde babe nengozi enkulu yokuthola i -basal cell carcinoma, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Lezi zimila zomhlathi kanye nezimila zitholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza izimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, futhi enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kungabonisa izimila noma ama-cysts emhlathini wakho nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-X-ray.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance (MRI).
• I-CT scan (i-CT scan) ehlanganisiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-biopsy . Ku-biopsy, udokotela uthatha isampula yoketshezi noma izicubu ezivela ekukhuleni. Udokotela wezifo uhlola isampula ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze abone ukuthi iqukethwe izinhlobo zamaseli. Lolu lwazi lungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi:

• Uhlobo luni lwe-cyst noma i-tumor onayo?
• Ingabe 'kuyingozi' noma 'kuyingozi'?
• Ingabe ikhula kancane noma inolaka?

Zonke lezi zici zisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezikulungele.

La maqhubu emihlathini kanye nezimila zelashwa kanjani?

Abantu abaningi kufanele basuswe i-cyst noma isimila ngokuhlinzwa . Ngaphezu kokususa i-growth, udokotela wakho angasusa nezicubu ezithintekile. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi amazinyo alimele, noma izingxenye zomhlathi ongezansi noma umhlathi ongaphezulu. Ukuhlinzwa kokususa izingxenye zomhlathi ongezansi kubizwa ngokuthi i-mandibulectomy , kanti ukuhlinzwa kokususa wonke noma ingxenye yomhlathi ongaphezulu kubizwa ngokuthi i-maxillectomy .

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ungadinga ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu ukuze wakhe umhlathi wakho futhi usize ngenqubo yokuphulukisa:

• Ukuhlinzwa Okwakha Kabusha: Ukuze umhlathi wakho ubukeke njengoba wawunjalo ngaphambi kokuba isimila siqale, udokotela wakho angasebenzisa ingcezu yethambo evela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho (njengesinqe sakho, ihlombe, noma umlenze ongezansi).
• Ukufakelwa kwamazinyo: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufake amazinyo okwenziwa ukuze ufake amazinyo asusiwe ngudokotela wakho esikhundleni sawo.
• Ukwelashwa Kwenkulumo: Uma unenkinga yokukhuluma noma yokuphimisela amagama ngokucacile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, isazi sezifo zolimi lokukhuluma (SLP) singakusiza.
• Isiqondiso sokudla okunempilo: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe, njengochwepheshe wezokudla noma isazi sokudla okunempilo, ukuze uthole iseluleko sokuthi yikuphi ukudla okuphephile ukukudla ngenkathi ululama.

Uma unomdlavuza wemihlathi, udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome ukwelashwa komdlavuza, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe kanye/noma i-chemotherapy . Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuzoncika ohlotsheni lwesimila noma i-cyst onayo.

Yini engingayilindela uma nginesimila noma isimila esinomhlathi?

Ama-cyst amaningi emihlathini kanye nama-tumors angelapheka ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngohlobo lwawo, kungadingeka uqhubeke nokuvakasha okulandelayo ukuze uhlole ama-growth amasha.

Isibonelo, ama-cyst e-periapical, ama-odontomas, nama-cyst amazinyo ngokuvamile awaphinde avele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, i-central giant cell granuloma, i-odontogenic myxoma, kanye ne-odontogenic keratocysts zingaphinde zivele. I-Ameloblastoma iphinda ivele cishe kuma-20% ezimo.

Kufanele ngifune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?

Uma unobuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala emhlathini wakho, noma ubona ushintsho ekubukekeni kwakho, njengeqhubu emhlathini wakho noma amazinyo axegayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Kungaba uphawu lwe-cyst, isimila, noma esinye isimo samazinyo udokotela angaselapha.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka ubona udokotela wakho wamazinyo. I-X-ray yamazinyo ejwayelekile ingabona i-cyst noma isimila uma sisesincane futhi singabangeli zimpawu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Nazi ezinye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela wakho:

• Uhlobo luni lwesimila noma i-cyst enginayo?
• Ingabe ayinabungozi noma iyingozi?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke futhi ngemva kokuhlinzwa angakanani?
• Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani ngesikhathi ngilulama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Kunini lapho kufanele ngikhathazeke khona ngeqhubu emhlathini?

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona zeqhubu emhlathini. Iningi lazo azizimbi ngokwanele ukuba zishaqise. Zingabangelwa izinto ezifana nama-cysts nama-tumors, noma zingaba yinto elula njengokusabela kokungezwani komzimba noma i-lymph node evuvukele .

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi iningi lezimila ezingengozini lizwakala lithambile futhi lishukuma uma ulithinta. Uma isimila sinomdlavuza, kungenzeka ukuthi sizizwe siqinile. Okuwukuphela komehluko kulokhu umdlavuza obizwa ngokuthi i-liposarcoma , ongazwakala njengesigaxa esithambile nesishukumayo.

Uma uneqhubu elisha, ngeke liphele, libuhlungu, futhi liphazamisa ukunyakaza kwemihlathi yakho - sekuyisikhathi sokubona udokotela.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nakuba ama-cyst amaningi emihlathini nama-tumors engengozi, noma awanawo umdlavuza, kuvamile ukuzizwa udikibele uma uthola ukuthi unesifo esidinga ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuwasusa ngaphambi kokuba abangele izimpawu ezenza kube nzima ukuphila nazo, njengobuhlungu nokuvuvukala emlonyeni. Uma usuvele uhlushwa yilezi zimpawu, ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ekuqedeni ngokuphelele. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinketho zokwelapha kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yohlobo oluthile lwe-cyst noma isimila. Ungalokothi ushaye indiva noma yini engavamile emlonyeni wakho noma emhlathini. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.

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