Ingabe wena noma othile omaziyo unesifo sikashukela kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso? Uma lokho kwenzeka, impilo iba nzima kakhulu, ngemijovo ye-insulin kolunye uhlangothi kanye nokwelashwa nge-dialysis kolunye... Kodwa kukhona ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile okungaxazulula zombili lezi zimo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwezinso kanye ne-pancreas. Ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu.
Kuyini ukufakelwa kwezinso kanye nepancreas?
Kalula nje, lokhu kusho ukuthi kokubili izinso eziphilile kanye ne-pancreas enempilo kufakelwa emzimbeni wakho ngokuhlinzwa okukodwa. Odokotela bakubiza nangokuthi ukufakelwa kwe-Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney (SPK) ngasikhathi sinye .
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukunconywa kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso. Ukulimala kwezinso kuvame ukwenzeka uma isifo sikashukela singalawulwa kahle iminyaka eminingi. Ngakho-ke ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo uphinda ukhiqize i-insulin futhi izinso zakho ziphinde zisebenze ngendlela evamile. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungafaneleka nakubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 .
Kodwa khumbula, akubona bonke abantu abangenza lokhu kuhlinzwa ngoba banazo zombili lezi zimo. Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi ungazuza kukho, uzokudlulisela eqenjini lochwepheshe bokufakelwa izitho. Bazokuhlola ngokucophelela bese benquma ukuthi ufanelekile yini kulokhu.
Ubani ofanelekela lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Uma usengozini yokwehluleka kwezinso noma usuvele wehlulekile, futhi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, odokotela bakho bangase bakucabangele lokhu kuhlinzwa. Uma uthunyelwa esikhungweni sokufakelwa izitho zomzimba, ithimba lochwepheshe, abaxhumanisi, nabanye bazokuhlola ngokucophelela.
Ngaphambi kokufaka igama lakho ohlwini lokulinda, banaka ngokukhethekile izinto ezimbalwa.
| Ukucabangela | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isimo sempilo sisonke | Sizobheka impilo yakho iyonke, okuhlanganisa nokuthi uyabhema noma usebenzisa izidakamizwa. |
| Umlando wezokwelapha | Uyahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi unomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo ezingathi sína. |
| Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo | Ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwengqondo kwenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ukulungele yini ngokwengqondo ukubhekana nokuhlinzwa okukhulu kangaka. |
| Umsebenzi wezitho zomzimba | Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwenziwa ukuze kulinganiswe ukusebenza kwezitho ezibalulekile njengezinso, amanyikwe, inhliziyo, amaphaphu kanye nesinye. |
Zivelaphi izinso ezintsha kanye nama-pancreas?
Lokhu kuyinkinga kubantu abaningi. Inso ingatholakala kumnikeli ophilayo. Kodwa i-pancreas ingatholakala kuphela kumnikeli oshonile. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu kuhlinzwa kwe-SPK, kuvame ukwenziwa umzamo wokuthola zombili izitho kumnikeli ofanayo oshonile.
Umnikeli ngamunye uhlolwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akanazo izifo ezithelelanayo noma ezinye izinkinga, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi afanelana kahle nohlobo lwegazi lakho kanye nohlobo lwezicubu.
Kuyodingeka silinde isikhathi esingakanani?
Kunzima ukunikeza isikhathi esiqondile salokhu. Ngokuvamile kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-24-36 (iminyaka engu-2-3). Uma umuntu enohlobo lwegazi olungavamile noma uhlobo lwezicubu, kungathatha isikhathi eside nakakhulu ukuthola umnikeli ofanelana naye.
Uma usunqumile ukuthi ufanelekile, igama lakho kanye nolwazi lwezokwelapha kuzongezwa ohlwini lokulinda lokufakelwa izitho lukazwelonke. Lapho nje umuntu onikelayo etholakala, uzokwaziswa. Ngemva kwalokho, konke kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuzodingeka uhlinzwe zingakapheli amahora ayi-12 kusukela isitho sisusiwe emzimbeni womnikeli.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ephelele, okusho ukuthi ngeke uzwe lutho.
1. Ukufakelwa kwezinso: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-incision esiswini sakho esingezansi. Ukufakelwa kokuqala yinso. Inso entsha ifakwa ohlangothini olungezansi kwesokudla noma kwesobunxele lwesisu sakho bese ixhunywa emithanjeni yegazi yomzimba wakho (imithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo yegazi). Bese i-ureter yezinso entsha ixhunywa nesinye sakho. Yilapho umchamo uphuma khona emzimbeni wakho. Ezimweni eziningi, izinso zakho ezindala, ezingasebenzi kahle azisuswa.
2. Ukufakelwa kwe-pancreas:Okulandelayo, i-pancreas entsha ifakwa esiswini esingezansi bese ixhunywa emithanjeni yegazi eseduze. Ijusi le-pancreas elikhishwa yi-pancreas, elisiza ekugayeni ukudla, lithunyelwa emuva ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, bese i-pancreas ixhunywa emathunjini akho amancane. Njengezinso zakho, i-pancreas yakho endala ayivami ukususwa.
Isitho esisha kufanele siqale ukusebenza zingakapheli amahora ambalwa kusukela ohlinzweni. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-pancreas entsha izoqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin futhi ilawule amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha phakathi kwamahora ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 .
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okukhulu, lokhu kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuphumelelayo, amandla akho, amandla, kanye nobungqabavu bakho kuzokhula. Uzokwazi ukubuyela empilweni evamile.
- Inkululeko ekuhlanzweni kwegazi: Uma uhlanzwe igazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzokhululeka empilweni eyayiboshelwe kukho.
- Inkululeko ye-insulin: Ngenxa yokuthi i-pancreas entsha ilawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, cishe ngeke uphinde udinge imijovo ye-insulin.
- Ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila: Abantu abaningi bathi izinga lokuphila lilonke liyathuthuka kakhulu.
Izingozi nezinkinga
Ngenxa yokuthi izitho ezimbili zitshalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, izingozi zokuhlinzwa ziphakeme kancane kunezo zokufakelwa isitho esisodwa kuphela.
Izingozi ezinkulu ukwenqatshwa kwesitho esisha ngumzimba kanye nokutheleleka.
Ukwenqatshwa yilapho amasosha omzimba wakho eqaphela isitho esisha "njengesingaphandle" bese ezama ukusihlasela. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kuzodingeka uthathe imithi yokulwa nokwenqatshwa (ama-immunosuppressants) impilo yakho yonke.
Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi ibuthakathaka amasosha omzimba wakho, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthole ezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu.
Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
- Imfiva
- Ubomvu noma uketshezi oluphuma endaweni yokuhlinzwa
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuphuka endaweni yokuhlinzwa
- Ubuhlungu lapho uchama
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nezingozi ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nokopha ngokweqile.
Isikhathi sokululama kanye nempumelelo
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10-12. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kudingeke uhlale kuze kube yinyanga. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuqapha ngokucophelela.
Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba oyinikezwe impilo yakho yonke ngesikhathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuya kohlolwa kwegazi kanye nezinye izivivinyo ezinsukwini ezinqunywe udokotela wakho.
Kuphumelele kangakanani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kanye nempilo.
- Kunethuba elingu-80% lokungadingi i-insulin noma i-dialysis unyaka wonke.
- Kunethuba elingu -70% lokuthi zombili lezi zindlela zokwelapha ngeke zidingeke eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lukazwelonke, izinga lokusinda ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa yileli:
- Ngemva konyaka: 97%
- Ngemva kweminyaka emi-5: 92.7%
- Ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10: 79.1%
Lokhu kuyinto eshintsha impilo ngempela. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuhlinzwa. Kodwa cabanga ngekhwalithi yokuphila ethuthukisiwe ozoba nayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlala likulungele ukukusiza, liphendule imibuzo yakho, futhi lenze le nqubo ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho khuluma nabo nganoma yini esemqondweni wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kwezinso kanye nepancreas okuhlanganisiwe (i-SPK) kuyindlela yokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso ngasikhathi sinye.
- Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, kunethuba elikhulu lokukhululeka ekufakweni kwe-insulin kanye nokwelashwa nge-dialysis.
- Imithi ekhethekile (imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba) kumele ithathwe impilo yakho yonke ukuze umzimba ungalamukeli isitho esisha.
- Nakuba kunezingozi ngoba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu, izinga lempumelelo kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ethuthukisiwe kuphezulu kakhulu.
- Uma unenkinga ngalokhu, khuluma ngokukhululekile nochwepheshe wakho ngakho.
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