Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi udinga ukwenza "i-biopsy" ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ngempela inkinga ngezinso zakho. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa leli gama. Kodwa empeleni akwesabisi njengoba sicabanga. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi kuyini ukuhlolwa kwezinso, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani.
Renal function (eGFR)
Measure kidney function based on creatinine value
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuhlolwa kwezinso?
I-biopsy yezinso, noma (Renal Biopsy) inqubo lapho kuthathwa khona ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso lakho bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ukuze kube sobala, udokotela usebenzisa inalithi ekhethekile ukuthatha le ngxenye encane yezicubu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, le ngxenye yezicubu ingathathwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngokuthatha nokuhlola ingxenye yezicubu ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaphakathi kwenso.
Kungani udokotela angancoma i-biopsy?
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa i-biopsy ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ngaphakathi kwezinso ezingatholakali ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa komchamo, noma ukuskena. Cabanga nje, udokotela wakho usola ukuthi kunenkinga ngezinso zakho, kodwa imbangela ayibonakali kahle ngisho nasekuskeni. Yilapho-ke kwenziwa khona lokhu kuhlolwa.
Ake sichaze lokhu kabanzi ngethebula elingezansi.
| Izimo ezingase ziholele ku-biopsy | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izibazi zezinso | Hlola ukuthi izicubu zezinso zonakele yini futhi zakhe izibazi. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwezinso | Thola ukuthi kukhona yini isimo esinjengokuvuvukala noma ukutheleleka ngaphakathi kwezinso. |
| Ama-protein deposits | Hlola ukuthi amaprotheni akhona yini ngendlela engajwayelekile ezinso. |
| Izinkinga zofuzo | Hlola noma yiziphi izifo zezinso ezizuzwe njengefa. |
| Igazi emchameni (i-Hematuria) | Uma kukhona igazi emchameni, thola ngokuqinisekile ukuthi imbangela iyinkinga yezinso. |
| I-Proteinuria (ukukhishwa kweprotheni emchameni) | Uma inani lamaprotheni emchameni liphezulu, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi imbangela iyiphutha yini enqubweni yokuhlunga izinso. |
| Umsebenzi wokufakelwa izinso | Kuphinde kwenziwe i-biopsy kumuntu ofakelwe izinso ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izinso ezintsha zisebenza kahle yini. |
Khumbula, lokhu kuyindlela yokuhlola ephephile kakhulu futhi elula ezimweni eziningi. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi, kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho. Uzoxoxa ngomlando wakho wezempilo, enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, bese eyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inikezwe udokotela, imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, noma ngisho nemithi yendabuko. Eminye imithi, njenge-aspirin, ingandisa ingozi yokopha. Ngakho-ke, ungase welulekwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Futhi, uzotshelwa ngokucacile ukuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuthi yimiphi imithi okudingeka uqhubeke uyisebenzisa, nokuthi yimiphi imithi okudingeka uyeke.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-biopsy?
Ungakhathazeki, ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu okwamanje. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhathi esiningi lokhu kwenziwa ngokukufaka ngaphansi komuthi wokudambisa umzimba ojwayelekile noma i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ngesikhathi somuthi wokudambisa umzimba ojwayelekile, uzobe uphapheme, kodwa uzozizwa ukhululekile kakhulu futhi ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Ngesikhathi somuthi wokudambisa umzimba ojwayelekile, uzobe ulele.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa yithimba lochwepheshe, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa nodokotela we-radiologist, udokotela wezinzwa, kanye nabasebenzi bobuhlengikazi.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenziwa ngokukujika bese ulala ngomhlane. Kodwa-ke, uma uke wafakelwa izinso, uzobekwa ngesisu bese ulala ngohlangothi.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. I-Percutaneous Biopsy: Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba udokotela eqede indawo, usebenzisa isithwebuli (i-Ultrasound noma i-CT imaging) ukuthola indawo eqondile yenso bese efaka inalithi ekhethekile yokususa izicubu.
2. I-Open Biopsy: Kulokhu, kwenziwa ukusika okuncane esikhumbeni, kususwe ingcezu yezicubu ezinso, bese ukusika kuvalwa ngokuthunga. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile.
Le nqubo yonke ivame ukuthatha cishe ihora.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi?
Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi, uzoyiswa ekamelweni lokululama futhi uqashwe ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha amahora amaningana. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela ubusuku bonke. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kuzoqashwa njalo. Uzophinde uhlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi uyakwazi yini ukuchama kahle nokuthi kukhona yini ukopha ngokweqile.
Uma konke sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi kujwayelekile, uzovunyelwa ukuya ekhaya. Kodwa khumbula, ngeke ukwazi ukushayela ngoba ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia. Ngokuqinisekile kuzodingeka ube nelungu lomndeni noma umngane ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
Isampula yezicubu ezithathwe kuwe izothunyelwa elabhorethri. Lapho, uchwepheshe (udokotela wezifo) uzoyihlola bese elungisa umbiko. Udokotela wakho uzothola lo mbiko ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi?
Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi ingahlonza ngokunembile isimo sezinso futhi iqaphe nokuthi izinso ezifakwe kwenye indawo zisebenza kahle kangakanani.
Izingozi ziphansi kakhulu, kodwa ezinye izinkinga zingase zibe khona.
| Izinkinga Ezingaba Khona |
|---|
| Ukopha: Ungase ube negazi elithile emchameni wakho ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ukopha okukhulu, kungase kudingeke ukwelashwa. Odokotela baqaphela kakhulu ngalokhu. |
| Ubuhlungu: Kungase kube nobuhlungu endaweni yenaliti izinsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Okunye: Isiyezi, umkhuhlane, ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI), kanye nobunzima bokuchama kungenzeka kungavamile kakhulu. |
Kuzothatha isikhathi engingakanani ukuphola?
Ubuhlungu obuvela ekuhlolweni ngenaliti kufanele buphele zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ubuhlungu obuvela ekuhlolweni ngenaliti bungase buhlale cishe isonto. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yobuhlungu. Kufanele ugweme ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, noma ukuzivocavoca okunzima isonto elilodwa noma amabili.
Uma udinga ukubona udokotela ngokushesha
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingezansi, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Uma unomkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kuka-100.4°F noma u-38°C).
- Uma indawo yokuhlolwa kwegazi ibomvu, ivuvukele, noma ishintshe umbala.
- Uma kusenegazi emchameni emahoreni angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Uma unenkinga yokuchama.
- Uma ushiswa noma ubuhlungu lapho uchama (i-Dysuria).
- Uma uzizwa unesiyezi noma unekhanda elibuhlungu ngenkathi uhamba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlolwa kwezinso kuyindlela ephephile yokuxilonga isifo sezinso.
- Uma wenza lokhu, uzothatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awuzizwa ubuhlungu.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa.
- Ungesabi ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, ungakuzibi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho.
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