Ingabe ingane yakho icabanga ngokweqile ngezinto noma yenza izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe? Kungaba yi-OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)!

Uma sibheka izinto ezenziwa yizingane zethu ezincane, ngezinye izikhathi sizizwa simangale, akunjalo? Kodwa uma ucabanga ukuthi eminye yemikhuba nemicabango yazo iyinqaba futhi iyisicefe enganeni, kufanele sikhathazeke kancane ngayo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, esinye isici okufanele sicabange ngaso yisimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-OCD' (i-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder). Ungesabi, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.

Kuyini 'i-OCD'?

Kalula nje, ingane ene-OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) inemicabango okunzima kakhulu ukuyilawula futhi ebangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Futhi, ingane izizwa iphoqelekile ukwenza izinto ezithile kuze kube sezingeni lokungakwazi ukuzenza, kungaba ukuqeda ukwesaba nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yileyo micabango noma ukwesaba ukuthi kukhona okubi okuzokwenzeka ngempela. Lezi akuzona izinto ingane ezenzayo ngokuzithandela.

Ingabe i-'OCD' imayelana nokuhlanzeka nje?

Yilapho abantu abaningi benza khona iphutha elincane. I-'OCD' ayikona nje ukuhlanzeka nokuhleleka, ukugcina yonke into icocekile. Lapho izingane zisencane, zithanda ukuhlela amathoyizi bese ziwahlela ngombala. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa i-'OCD' iyinto ehluke ngokuphelele. Kulesi simo, ingane yenza lezo zinto hhayi ngothando noma ngokuzijabulisa. Kungenxa yokuthi inengcindezi enamandla kanye nokuphoqeleka okufanele ikwenze. Uma ingakwenzi, izizwa inesaba esikhulu kanye nokukhathazeka.

Yimiphi "imicikilisho" eyenzeka ku-"OCD"?

Manje ake sibheke ukuthi le micabango ephazamisayo, noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzikhukhumeza" kwisayensi yezokwelapha, ingaba njani engqondweni yengane ene-"OCD." Lokhu akuyona nje imicabango, kodwa imicabango ebangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu nokwesaba enganeni.

• Ukuhlala ucabanga ukuthi othile uzongena enkingeni, agule, noma afe: Isibonelo, ungase ube nokwesaba okunjengokuthi, "Uma ngingakwenzi kahle lokhu, kuzokwenzeka okuthile kumama."
• Ukuzwa sengathi yonke into igcwele amagciwane futhi ingcolile: Ukuzwa ukuthi ngisho nokuthinta umnyango noma ithoyizi kungcoliswe amagciwane.
• Umqondo wokuthi konke kufanele kuhleleke, kube yinto eyodwa, futhi kube ncamashi: umqondo wokuthi izinto ezifana nendlela izincwadi ezihlelwe ngayo, indlela izicathulo ezihlelwe ngayo, njalo njalo, kufanele zibe nokulingana ncamashi futhi zifane.
• Ukukholelwa ukuthi izinto ezithile zinenhlanhla/azinanhlanhla, zinhle/zimbi, ziphephile/ziyingozi: isibonelo, izinkolelo ezingenangqondo njengokubhala ngepeni eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zizokusiza ukuthi uphumelele isivivinyo, kanti ukudweba ngomnyama kuzoletha inhlanhla.
• Ukwesaba ukuthi imicabango emibi (isib., ukuhlukumeza othile) izokwenzeka ngempela.

Uma imicabango enjengale ifika engqondweni yengane, ayikwazi ukuyilawula, futhi izizwa idabuke kakhulu ngayo.

Yimaphi 'Ama-Compulsion' noma 'Amasiko' ayenzeka ku-'OCD'?

Manje, lapho kufika imicabango enjalo ephazamisayo, ingane izizwa idinga ukwenza izinto ezithile, kungaba ukunciphisa ukwesaba nokucindezeleka okubangelwa yileyo micabango, noma ukwesaba ukuthi kuzokwenzeka into embi ngempela. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Ukuphoqelelwa)` noma `(Amasiko)`. NgesiSinhala, kuyinto efana nokuthi `(வா பணியான்)'.

• Ukuhlanza nokuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe: Ukwenza izinto ezifana nokugeza izandla, ukugeza, nokuhlanza izinto ngokuphindaphindiwe nangokudlulele.
• Ukusula, ukusula, nokubhala kabusha lokho okubhalile, ukwenza kabusha lokho okwenzile: Ukusula nokubhala kabusha igama izikhathi eziningana, ungabaza ukuthi lilungile yini.
• Ukuphinda igama, umushwana, noma umbuzo (kungaba buthule noma ngokuzwakalayo).
• Ukuhlola izinto izikhathi eziningi, hhayi kanye noma kabili: Ukuhlola izikhathi eziningi ukubona ukuthi umnyango ukhiyiwe noma izibani zicinyiwe.
• Ukuthinta, ukuthepha, noma ukunyathela okungajwayelekile: Ukuzizwa sengathi kufanele uthinte izinto ezithile, noma ukuthi awufuni ukuzithinta. Njengokunyathela kuphela eceleni komgwaqo lapho uhamba emgwaqweni.
• Ukudinga ukugcina izinto zihlelekile: Ukuzizwa sengathi izinto ezifana namathoyizi, izincwadi, nezingubo kudinga ukuhlelwa ngendlela ethile nangendlela ethile.

Ngisho noma ingane ingase izwe impumuzo yesikhashana lapho yenza le mikhuba, ngemva kwesikhashana imicabango ephazamisayo iqala ukubuya. Bese kudingeka iphinde yenze le mikhuba. Kufana nomjikelezo.

Lokhu kuzwakala kanjani ngengane ene-OCD?

Cabanga nje, lapho ingane encane ine-'OCD', izizwa sengathi ibanjwe. Ilwa nale micabango yokuzikhukhumeza kanye nemikhuba yokuzikhukhumeza. Isibonelo, ingane ene-'OCD' ingase icabange: "Uma ngingawathinti kahle wonke amakhona amane aleli tafula, umama uzogula futhi afe." Ingane ingase yazi ukuthi lezi zinto ngeke zenzeke. Kodwa-ke, ukwesaba nokucindezeleka engqondweni yayo kukhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi kufanele yenze 'isiko' ukuze ivimbele leyo nto embi ukuthi yenzeke.

Ekuqaleni, ingane ingase izizwe ingcono kancane uma yenza lo mkhuba. Kodwa okwenzekayo nge-'OCD' ukuthi le mikhuba ecasulayo iyanda kancane kancane. Isikhathi nomzamo ochithwa ukuyenza kuyanda. Esikhundleni sokwenza ingane izizwe ingcono, le mikhuba imlethela ukucindezeleka nokukhathala okwengeziwe. Ingane ayifuni ngempela ukucabanga ngale micabango noma ukwenza le mikhuba. Kodwa ngenxa ye-'OCD', ayikwazi ukuyivimba.

Ngezinye izikhathi izingane ziyazibuza, "Kungani ngicabanga lokhu? Kungani ngenza lokhu?" Zingase zingaqapheli ukuthi lezi zinto zingenzeka ngenxa yesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-OCD.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu?

Ngakho-ke, uma wena, mntwana ofunda lokhu, unemicabango enjalo engalawuleki nekhathazayo, noma uma uzizwa sengathi ufuna ukwenza izinto ezithile ongenakukwazi ukuzibamba ukuzenza, ungesabi. Awuwedwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela umama wakho, ubaba, noma umuntu omdala omethembayo ngalokhu. Bazokusiza.

Njengomzali , kubaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi uma ingane yakho isho into efana nale, noma uma ubona lezi zinguquko ekuziphatheni kwengane yakho.Ungamsoli umntwana noma ukukubheka njengento "ecabanga nje." Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukumyisa kudokotela wezingane noma kudokotela wezifo zengqondo wezingane ukuze athole ukuthi lokhu kuyi-OCD.

Khumbula, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kuzoletha impumuzo enkulu enganeni.

Kungani abanye abantwana beba ne-OCD?

Abazali abaningi bayazibuza, "Ingabe senze okuthile okungalungile?" noma "Ingabe ingane yenze okuthile okungalungile?" Ayikho into enjalo. Ososayensi abakayitholi imbangela ethile ye-OCD. Kodwa-ke, kukholelwa ukuthi amathonya athile ezakhi zofuzo angabangela ezinye izingane ukuba zihlakulele ukuziphatha okucindezelayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka. Ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni (ama-neurotransmitter) nakho kungadlala indima.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu akulona iphutha lengane noma lomzali. Akuyona into eyenziwa yingane yakho ngamabomu, futhi akulona iphutha ekukhuliseni kwakho izingane.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza! Ungasiza ingane yakho ukuba ikhululeke kule micabango ebambekile kanye nemikhuba ebuhlungu. Kuzoba impumuzo enkulu kuwe nakumntanakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-OCD?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelela kakhulu kwezingane ezine-OCD yi-CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy). NgesiSinhala, kusho 'ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo'.

Indlela yokwelapha ebizwa ngokuthi i-'CBT' (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)

Lokhu kuhilela ukuthi ingane (ngezinye izikhathi nabazali) ikhulume nodokotela wezifo zengqondo futhi ifunde kabanzi ngalesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-OCD'.

Udokotela wezifo zengqondo uzochazela ingane kabanzi nge-OCD. Isibonelo, bazochaza ukuthi le micabango nokwesaba okubambekile kufana 'nokuxinana' okuncane ebuchosheni, noma 'icebo' elidlalwa ubuchopho ukuze likwenze ucabange ukuthi kukhona okubi okuzokwenzeka uma ungawenzi umkhuba. Bobabili ingane nomzali bazofunda ukuthi ukwenza umkhuba kuzokwenza i-OCD ibe namandla kuphela. Bazofunda nokuthi lapho bezijwayeza kakhulu ukungawenzi umkhuba, i-OCD izoba buthaka kakhulu.

Lokho abantwana abakufundayo ku-'CBT'

Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kulula, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ngengane ene-OCD ukuyeka ngokuzumayo le mikhuba ecasulayo. Yingakho lokhu kwelashwa kufundisa amasu namakhono akhethekile okusiza ngalokhu. Ekwelashweni kwe-CBT, izingane zifunda izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Indlela yokubhekana nokukhathazeka nokwesaba, kanye nendlela yokukulawula.
• Amakhono okuzola.
• Okufanele ukwenze uma kufika umcabango ophazamisayo engqondweni, ukuthi ungawuphendula kanjani.
• Indlela yokunqoba 'amaqhinga' e-OCD ngaphandle kokuwanqoba.
• Indlela yokubhekana nokwesaba kwakho kancane kancane nangokuphepha.
• Indlela yokuyeka kancane kancane umkhuba omubi (`Isiko`).
• Indlela yokulawula i-OCD nokukhulisa ukuzethemba.

Njengoba ingane izijwayeza la makhono amasha, izinkinga ezibangelwa yi-OCD ziyancipha kancane kancane futhi zinyamalale. Izingane zifunda ukuthi zingasusa imicabango ephazamisayo ngaphandle kokwenza amasiko. Zizizwa zilawula imicabango yazo, imizwa, kanye nokuziphatha kwazo futhi.

Imithi

Kwabanye abantwana, kanye nalokhu kwelashwa kwe-'CBT', udokotela angase futhi anikeze imithi yokusiza ukulawula izimpawu ze-'OCD'. Lokhu akudingekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Kunqunywa udokotela ofanele, ecabangela izici ezifana nesimo sengane kanye nobunzima bezimpawu.

Ekugcineni, khumbula lokhu.

Ngakho-ke, ekuphetheni, i-OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) yisimo esingaba sicindezela kakhulu ingane, kodwa akuyona into okufanele ibekezelelwe yodwa. Futhi akuyona iphutha lomuntu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonza lesi simo ngokunembile bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele, ikakhulukazi i-'CBT' (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kuzosiza izingane ukuba zinqobe le micabango nemikhuba ekhathazayo. Zizoba nethuba elihle lokubuyisa ukulawula izingqondo zazo, zenze izinto ezizithandayo, ziphumelele ezifundweni zazo, futhi zijabule nabangani bazo. Uthando lwakho, ukuqonda kwakho, kanye nokusekela kwakho kubaluleke kakhulu enganeni yakho ngalesi sikhathi.

I- OCD, i-OCD ezinganeni, imicabango engapheli, imikhuba engapheli, impilo yengqondo, i-CBT, ukwelashwa