Ingabe inqulu yengane yakho ibuhlungu? Ingabe iyaxhuga? Ake sifunde ngesifo iLegg-Calve-Perthes!

Ingabe ingane yakho encane isiqalile ukuxhuga ngokuzumayo? Noma ingabe inqulu yayo iyabuhlungu? Ngezinye izikhathi singase singazinaki kakhulu lezi zinto ezincane. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kubalulekile ukukhathazeka kancane. Ngoba lezi zingase zibe izimpawu zesifo esingavamile senqulu ezinganeni esibizwa ngokuthi isifo se-Legg-Calve-Perthes . Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, akunjalo?

Iyini isifo seLegg-Calve-Perthes?

Kalula nje, lesi yisimo esithinta i-hip joint ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 neyi-12. I-hip joint yethu yakhiwe yingxenye efana nebhola phezulu kwethambo lethanga (esiyibiza ngokuthi 'ikhanda le-femoral') kanye nengxenye efana nesokhethi ethanjeni le-hip. Kufana nebhola elifakwa enkomishini. Ngakho-ke, okwenzekayo esifweni se-Legg-Calve-Perthes ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi kuleyo ngxenye efana nebhola yethambo lethanga kuncishisiwe okwesikhashana noma kuyeke .

Cabanga ngakho, yonke ingxenye yomzimba wethu idinga igazi ukuze iphile. Kuvela egazini lapho sithola khona umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuma ngale ndlela, izicubu zalelo thambo ziqala ukufa kancane kancane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-avascular necrosis' noma 'i-osteonecrosis' kwezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukugeleza kwegazi kuqala futhi. Bese ingxenye yethambo eyonakele iqala ukuzilungisa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ithambo elisha elisanda kwakheka lingase lingakhuli lisesimweni esifanayo nesangaphambili. Yileyo inkinga lapha.

Lesi sifo singeseqembu lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-osteochondroses'. Kulezi, kukhona ukuwohloka nokuguqulwa kwengxenye ekhulayo yethambo. Siqala ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Lesi sifo sikhula ngezigaba eziningana, futhi yonke inqubo ingathatha iminyaka eminingana. Ukuthi lokhu kuyithinta kangakanani ingane yakho kuncike ezingeni lokushintsha kwethambo. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, izingane eziningi zingalulama kahle.

Lesi sifo saziwa nangamanye amagama amaningana:

• Isifo sikaPerthes
• I-Perthes syndrome
• Ithole leLegg
• I-Legg-Perthes
• I-Calve-Perthes
• I-Coxa plana (isinqe esisicaba)

Isifo sikaPerthes singavamile kangakanani? Ubani ovame ukusithola?

Emhlabeni wonke, lesi sifo sithinta cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-12,000 . Abafana banamathuba aphindwe kahlanu okuba naso kunamantombazane.

Ngokuphathelene nobudala, kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 nengu-7. Kodwa-ke, kungakhula ezinganeni ezineminyaka emi-2 noma ezineminyaka engu-12.

Ingabe isifo seLegg-Calve-Perthes sihlala njalo?

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka nokwakhiwa kabusha kwekhanda le-femur yengane. Le nqubo ithatha iminyaka eminingana. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo singesesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, singabangela izinguquko ezihlala njalo esimweni sethambo.

Ingabe lesi sifo singadala izinkinga esikhathini esizayo?

Yebo, ngeshwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka. Uma ibhola lethambo lethanga lingamile kahle kakhulu, lingase lingangeni kahle engosini yelungu lesinqe. Nakuba ukwelashwa kungakulungisa lokhu ngezinga elikhulu, uma lokhu kungahambi kahle kuqhubeka, kungaholela ezinkingeni zelungu lesinqe njengoba ingane ikhula, njenge- arthritis ngokuhamba kwesikhathi .

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo azibonakali zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zikhula kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi, ekuqaleni, awukwazi ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi kwenzekani.

Izimpawu ezingase zibonakale ezigabeni zokuqala:

• Ukuxhuga: Ingane ingase ibonakale sengathi ihudula umlenze owodwa noma ibe nobunzima bokuhamba. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukunciphisa isisindo esinqeni esithintekile. Ngokuvamile, ukuxhuga kuyisibonakaliso sokuqala sobuhlungu. Ingane ingase ingazi nokuthi kungani ixhuga. Cabanga nje, indodana yakho, uSadeep, ayisagijimi futhi ayidlali njengoba yayivame ukwenza, futhi ibonakala sengathi ihudula umlenze owodwa uma ihamba. Ayisho nokuthi kubuhlungu ekuqaleni. Yileyo ndlela okungaqala ngayo.
• Ubuhlungu benqulu: Uma ingane yakho inobuhlungu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kusekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Yilapho-ke ukunikezwa kwegazi emathanjeni kuncipha khona futhi ithambo liqala ukuwohloka. Lobuhlungu buyanda ngokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukugijima, nokudlala.
• Ubuhlungu obuqondiswe kwabanye: Ezinye izingane zingase zizwe ubuhlungu edolweni, ethangeni, ethangeni, noma esiswini esikhundleni sobuhlungu benqulu.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemilenze: Ubuhlungu bokuqina nokuqaqamba bungase buvele emisipheni yemilenze exhunywe esithweni sesinqe.

Izimpawu ezingase zivele kamuva:

• Ukuhamba kweTrendelenburg: Lena indlela ethile yokuhamba ebonakala lapho kunezinkinga nge-hip joint. Ngenxa yobuthakathaka bemisipha ye-hip, i-pelvis ohlangothini oluthintekile ithambekela phansi lapho ingane ihamba.
• Ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe kwamalunga: Ingane ingase ibe nobunzima bokuzungeza isinqe. Amandla okuphendulela amathanga ngaphandle namadolo ngaphakathi angancipha.
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha: Imisipha emathangeni nasezinqeni zengane ingase yehle ngobukhulu futhi ibonakale imincane.
• Ukungafani kobude bemilenze: Umlenze owodwa ungase ubonakale umufushane kunomunye.

Yini ebangela isifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes?

Sesishilo kakade ukuthi lesi sifo sibangelwa ukwehla noma ukunqamuka kokunikezwa kwegazi ekhanda le-femur (ischemia). Njengoba ithambo lithola umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba egazini, lapho lilahlekelwa igazi, izicubu zethambo ziqala ukufa nokuwohloka. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-avascular necrosis' noma 'i-osteonecrosis'.

Ngokuvamile, lapho umthambo wegazi uvaleka noma uncipha, kungenzeka ngenye yezindlela ezimbili. Ungavaleka ngaphakathi, ngenxa yesifo semithambo yegazi noma ihlule legazi, noma ungavaleka ngaphandle, ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi abakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela lokhu kuncipha kwegazi esifweni seLegg-Calve-Perthes. Kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukene ezinganeni ezahlukene.

Izici zengozi

Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi cishe ingxenye yezingane ezinalesi simo zinenkinga yokujiya kwegazi . Enye inkolelo-mbono ukuthi lesi simo singase sibangelwe ukulimala okubuhlungu noma ukulimala kokucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe, okungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi emathanjeni. Kucatshangwa nokuthi cishe u-10% wamacala ahlobene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa.

Nazi ezinye izici ezingandisa ingozi yengane yakho yokuthola isifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes:

• Ukukhula kwamathambo okulibazisekile.
• Isisindo esiphansi sokuzalwa.
• Ukwehla kobude (uma kuqhathaniswa nobudala).
• Ukukhubazeka kwamazinyo.
• Ukuba sezingeni eliphansi kwezomnotho.
• Ukuchayeka entuthwini ebhemayo.
• Izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi.
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
• Ukuzibandakanya ezintweni ezifana nezemidlalo noma i-gymnastics (lokhu kuyimpikiswano, hhayi wonke umuntu).
• Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa ku-gene `COL2A1`.

Okubalulekile: Akuwona wonke umntwana ozoqala lesi sifo naphezu kokuba nalezi zici eziyingozi. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi siqale ngisho nangaphandle kwalezi zici. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kuvela izimpawu.

Lesi sifo sizoyithinta kanjani ingane yami?

Ngesikhathi sesifo se-Legg-Calve-Perthes esisebenzayo, ikhanda le-femur esithweni senqulu sengane yakho liyawohloka (liyaphuka) bese liyakhiwa kabusha (lakhiwa kabusha). Lesi sigaba sokuwohloka singathatha cishe unyaka . Isigaba sokuvuselelwa nokwakheka singathatha cishe iminyaka emibili kuya kwemihlanu .

Ezinye izingane zinomonakalo omkhulu wezicubu zamathambo kunezinye. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yokuthi ukuntuleka kwazo kwegazi (ischemia) kubi kakhulu, noma ngoba sekuqhubeke isikhathi eside. Noma, uma ithambo selibuthakathaka kakade futhi lithwele isisindo esiningi kakhulu, lingalimaza kakhulu. Kwabanye abantwana, ikhanda eliyindilinga le-femur liyawa bese liba buthaka. Ngemuva kwalokho alingeni kahle engosini ye-hip joint.

Uma ithambo liqala ukukhula futhi, linethuba lokukhula libuyele esimweni salo sokuqala. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke amathambo ezingane akhula ngendlela efanayo. Amanye amathambo ethanga awaphinde abuyele esilinganisweni sawo sokuqala nesimo sawo sokuqala. Amanye angase akhule abe makhulu kunesokhethi le-hip joint. Udokotela wakho uzozama ukuthonya le miphumela futhi ayisondeze esimweni esivamile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ezinye izingane kungadingeka zimiswe izinqe zazo nge-cast isikhashana. Ezinye kungadingeka zihlinzwe. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ithambo ukuthi likhule kahle. Izingane ezimalunga azo angapholi kahle zingase ziqhubeke nokuba nezimpawu. I-hip dysplasia ingaholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-arthritis esikhathini esizayo.

Isifo seLegg-Calve-Perthes sitholakala kanjani?

Into yokuqala udokotela ayenzayo ukuhlola ingane yakho ngokomzimba . Bese bethatha ama-X-ray ukuze babheke amathambo engane yakho. Ama-X-ray angabonisa ukuthi isifo i-Perthes sikhona, ukuthi sikusiphi isigaba, nokuthi sibi kangakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angase futhi ancome ukuskena kwe -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ukuze athole ukubuka okuningiliziwe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ebunzimeni besifo, isigaba esikuso, kanye nobudala bengane. Izingane ezincane zivame ukuba ngcono ngokungenelela okuncane ngoba amathambo azo akhula ngokushesha. Izingane ezindala zingadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Ithimba lodokotela lizosebenzisana ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele ingane yakho.

Lolu hlelo lokwelashwa lungafaka:

• Ukuphumula isinqe esithintekile nokunciphisa ukuthwala isisindo: Ingane kungadingeka ime noma inciphise ukuhamba isikhashana, noma kungadingeka isebenzise isisekelo njengezinduku zokusibekela.
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Lezi ziqeda ubuhlungu ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela kanye nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala (njenge-aspirin kanye ne-ibuprofen). Zingasiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu kanye nokuvuvukala esithweni sesinqe.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba uzofundisa ingane yakho izivivinyo ezikhethekile ukusiza inqulu ibuyele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. Kungase kudingeke futhi usize ingane yakho ukuzijwayeza lezi zivivinyo.
• Ukudonsa: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa idivayisi yokudonsa amathambo ukuze udonse kancane ilunga lesinqe endaweni yalo. Lokhu kwelashwa kwenziwa phakathi nezinsuku eziningana.
• Ama-plaster casts noma ama-braces:Ngesikhathi ithambo lishintsha ukuma, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukusebenzisa i-cast noma i-brace ukuze ithambo lihlale liqinile endaweni yalo esokisini se-hip joint. Lokhu kuzosiza ithambo ukuthi likhule libuyele esimweni salo esifanele njengoba likhula liphuma esokisini.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Ezinye izingane zingadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe kabusha ithambo futhi lilungiswe endaweni yalo esibayeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-osteotomy. Ezinye zingadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kwandiswe noma kulungiswe kabusha i-hip socket, ebizwa ngokuthi i-arthroplasty.

Isifo sikaLegg-Calve-Perthes selashwa kanjani?

Uma ingane yakho inesifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes, uzobhekana nohambo lwezokwelapha olungahlala iminyaka eminingana, ngezigaba ezahlukene. Lokhu kuzothinta ubuntwana bengane ngezinga elithile - abanye kancane, abanye kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma konke lokhu sekuphelile, izingane eziningi ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yazo evamile ngaphandle kwemingcele noma izimpawu eziqhubekayo.

Khumbula, uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala, cishe izolulama ngokugcwele ngokwelashwa okulondolozayo. Uma ingaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 ubudala, cishe izodinga ukuhlinzwa. Uma ingatholi ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ithambo lesinqe lihlala likhubazekile, ingase ibe ne-hip osteoarthritis njengoba ikhula.

Ingabe isifo sikaPerthes singavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, cha. Okwamanje ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela isifo i-Perthes.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami ngesifo sikaPerthes?

Uma ingane yakho inesifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes, uzoba nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokwelashwa nokuthi yini ongayilindela ekululameni. Udokotela wakho uzokwenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuchaza imininingwane ngengane yakho.

Ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Dokotela, isifo sengane yami sikusiphi isigaba manje?"
• "Sibi kangakanani lesi simo?"
• "Singayishintsha kanjani indlela yokuphila yengane kanye nemidlalo ayidlalayo?"
• "Yiziphi izinto ocabanga ukuthi zingase zibe nomthelela kulesi simo?"
• "Yiziphi izimpawu noma izinguquko okufanele siziqaphele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?"
• "Ngingayifundisa kanjani ingane yami ngalokhu, lokho okufanele ikulindele?"

Njengoba i-Legg-Calve-Perthes iwukuxilongwa okungazelelwe, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi. Uma udokotela wakho esechaze isimo sengane yakho, uzoba nomqondo ocacile wokuthi yini ongayilindela. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuchazela ingane yakho ngendlela engayiqonda.

Kunezizathu eziningi zokujabula. Iningi lezingane alizizwa liphatheke kabi ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Lingase libe nemingcele ethile, kodwa ngokuvamile ingeyesikhashana. Lingase lidinge uhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa ngamathambo. Kodwa ekugcineni, cishe lizolulama ngokuphelele.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ungase wesabe kancane ukuzwa ngesifo i-Legg-Calve-Perthes. Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ngaso kusenesikhathi.

• Qaphela izimpawu zokuqala: Uma ingane yakho iqhuga noma ithi inqulu yayo ibuhlungu, ungamane nje ungayinaki bese ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Ukwelashwa okufanele kubalulekile: Landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo. Ukwelashwa kungathatha isikhathi futhi kungaba buhlungu, kodwa kuyadingeka enhlalakahleni yengane yesikhathi esizayo.
• Sekela ingane yakho: Ingane yakho idinga uthando lwakho, ukunakekelwa, kanye namandla engqondo phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ingase izizwe idabukile uma ingakwazi ukudlala, ukugijima, noma ukugxuma. Yiba nokuqonda futhi ube khona ngenxa yayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
• Hlala unethemba: Iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele kulesi simo futhi liphila impilo evamile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala unethemba.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungabi namahloni okubuza udokotela wakho. Bazokujabulela ukukusiza.

I- Legg-Calve-Perthes, isifo se-Perthes, ubuhlungu benqulu, izifo zezingane, izifo zamathambo, ukuxhuga, impilo yezingane