Wake wazibuka esibukweni wazibona lezo zindawo ezincane ezinsundu phezulu kwezandla zakho, ezihlathini, nasebusweni? Cishe uke wazibona esikhumbeni sikamama wakho, sikababa, noma sikagogo nomkhulu. Abantu abaningi bayesaba kancane uma bebona lezi zindawo ezivela njengoba bekhula, becabanga ukuthi, "O, ingabe lokhu kuyisifo esithile?" Kodwa ingabe ziyingozi ngempela? Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalezi 'zindawo zokuguga' noma, njengoba abanye bezibiza kanjalo, 'izindawo zesibindi' abantu abaningi abanazo.
Ziyini lezi Zindawo Zobudala?
Kalula nje, lawa amabala ayisicaba esikhumbeni sakho amnyama kunokujwayelekile, ngokuvamile ansundu. Angaba ngamasayizi ahlukahlukene. Amanye mancane njengechashazi, kanti amanye angaba makhulu njengesentimitha.
Lezi zindawo zivame ukubonakala ezindaweni zomzimba wethu ezivame ukuchayeka elangeni . Cabanga ngobuso bakho, izingalo zakho ezingaphezulu, intamo, emahlombe akho, njalo njalo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi yize lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'Amachashaza Esibindi', lawa machashaza empeleni awahlobene nesibindi sakho. Njengoba igama lisho, lawa machashaza anombala onsundu ofana nombala wesibindi, yingakho ebizwa kanjalo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngakho-ke, kulungile ngokwezokwelapha ukuwabiza ngokuthi 'Amachashaza Obudala' noma 'Amachashaza Elanga'. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi 'Ama-Solar Lentigines'.
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lezi zindawo?
Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Amathuba okuthi kwenzeke ayanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi abantu abasebasha abakutholi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nabantu abasebasha bangakuthola. Usengozini enkulu yokuthola la mabala uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:
- Uma unesikhumba esikhanyayo: Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, okungukuthi, abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, banamathuba amaningi okuthola la mabala.
- Uma wake washiswa kakhulu yilanga esikhathini esidlule: Uma waya ogwini lolwandle noma wadlala ikhilikithi usemusha noma usemusha, futhi isikhumba sakho saba bomvu futhi sasha waze wahamba, lokho kungakuthinta futhi.
- Uma ubhekene nelanga isikhathi eside: Le ngozi iphakeme kulabo abachitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni elinamandla emini, kungaba ngenxa yomsebenzi noma ezinye izizathu.
- Uma usebenzisa amadivayisi ukuze ushintshe umbala wesikhumba sakho: Nakuba lawa engathandwa kakhulu eSri Lanka, amadivayisi abizwa ngokuthi imibhede yokuthambisa isikhumba asetshenziswa abanye abantu nawo ayimbangela enkulu yalokhu.
Kungani la mabala evelela ngempela? Iyini imbangela?
Isizathu salokhu silula kakhulu. Sonke sinombala wemvelo onikeza isikhumba sethu umbala waso. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-melanin.Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona abanye abantu bemhlophe kakhulu, abanye bensundu kakhulu, kanti abanye bemnyama kakhulu. Umehluko kule mibala ubangelwa inani le-melanin esikhumbeni somuntu ngamunye.
Uma sichayeka elangeni, imizimba yethu isheshisa ukukhiqizwa kwale melanin ukuze ivikele isikhumba sethu. Yingakho sizizwa simnyama kancane uma siselangeni.
Manje ake ucabange ukuthi ingxenye efanayo yesikhumba sethu ivezwa elangeni njalo iminyaka eminingi. Okwenzekayo ukuthi kulezo zindawo, umbala we-melanin ukhiqizwa ngokweqile futhi uqongelela endaweni eyodwa, njengezingxenyana. Yilokho esikubona njengala mabala ansundu, noma 'amabala okuguga'.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlobo zamabala zingavela futhi ngemva kokwelashwa okuthile, njengokwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza.
Zibukeka kanjani ngempela lezi zindawo futhi ziyini izici zazo?
Ukuze sikusize ubone lezi zindawo kalula, ake sibheke izici zazo eziyinhloko. Ngizokubeka lokhu etafuleni ukuze kube lula kuwe.
| Isici | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izindawo ongazibuka | Izindawo ezivame ukuchayeka elangeni, njengobuso, izingalo ezingaphezulu, intamo, amahlombe kanye nomhlane ongaphezulu. |
| Umbala | Kungaba yimuphi umbala, kusukela konsundu okhanyayo kuya konsundu omnyama. |
| Isimo kanye nemvelo | Lezi ziyisicaba, ziphakeme ngaphezu kwesikhumba, futhi azinamaqhubu. Ngokuvamile ziyisiyingi noma ziyisiyingi ngesimo. |
| Usayizi | Zingasukela kubukhulu be-freckle encane kuya ku-13 millimeters (1.3 centimeters) ngobukhulu. |
| Ukuhlangana ndawonye | Ngezinye izikhathi izindawo eziningana ezincane zingahlangana ndawonye futhi zibukeke njengendawo eyodwa enkulu. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zindawo zokuguga zangempela azilokothi zibangele ukungakhululeki njengobuhlungu, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala. Lezi ziwubuhle kuphela.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, uma uya kudokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wesikhumba, onebala elifana naleli, uzokwazi ukulibona 'njengebala lobudala' ngokulibuka nje.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, uma udokotela enokungabaza ngokubonakala kwale mvukuzane, okungukuthi, uma enokungabaza okuncane kokuthi "kungenzeka yini ukuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza wesikhumba?", angenza isivivinyo esincane ukuze asiqinisekise. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-skin biopsy' .
Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ucezu lwesikhumba endaweni lapho kukhona khona i-mole bese beluthumela elabhorethri. Lapho, bayalubheka ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze babone ukuthi luqukethe yini into efana namangqamuzana omdlavuza noma olunye ukutheleleka. Lokhu akumelwe kwesatshwe, kumane nje kuyindlela yokuhlola evamile yokususa noma yikuphi ukusola.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lezi zindawo?
Okokuqala, la mabala awayona ingozi empilweni yakho, ngakho akudingeki ukuthi aphathwe. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bakhathazekile ngokubukeka kwawo futhi basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ukususa la mabala. Uma ufuna ukwenza okufanayo, kunezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ngalokho.
Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wesikhumba ukuze unqume ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu kuwe.
| Indlela Yokwelapha | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Izihloko | Ama-creams akhethekile, ama-lotion, noma ama-gel anqunywe udokotela. Lokhu kungaqukatha izithako ezifana ne-hydroquinone, ama-corticosteroids, noma ama-retinoids.Kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela . |
| Amakhasi Amakhemikhali | Ukusebenzisa ikhambi elikhethekile lamakhemikhali ukususa ngokuphephile ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba, lokhu kungaveza isikhumba esisha. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-Cryotherapy | Ngokusebenzisa into ebanda kakhulu, njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi, amaseli asendaweni ye-freckle abhujiswa 'ngokuwaqandisa'. Lokhu kulimaza amaseli enza i-melanin. Nakuba kungaba yinto engakhululekile kancane, le ndlela inikeza imiphumela esheshayo. |
| I-Dermabrasion | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesikhumba lukhuhlwa kancane kusetshenziswa idivayisi ekhethekile. Kuthatha isikhathi ukubona imiphumela, kodwa kuyindlela ephumelelayo. |
| Ukuvuselelwa Kwe-Laser | Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-laser ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-melanin noma ukususa ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba. Iningi labantu lingasusa amabala abo ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okukodwa noma okubili. |
Yiziphi izimonyo zokukhanyisa isikhumba okufanele uzigweme?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Akuwona wonke ama-cream okususa ukungcola kwesikhumba kanye nama-freckle emakethe, ikakhulukazi lawo athengiswa ku-inthanethi, amahle. Eminye imikhiqizo ingaba nemiphumela emibi eyingozi kakhulu.
Ikakhulukazi gwema okhilimu abaqukethe i-mercury . Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ezinso zakho kanye nasesimisweni sezinzwa uma kusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Ngakho-ke, hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho wesikhumba ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umkhiqizo omusha wokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Uma uthenga imikhiqizo, bheka la magama ohlwini lwezithako. Lezi yizimpawu zokuthi aqukethe i-mercury:
- I-Calomel
- I-Cinnabaris
- I-hydrargyri oxide ebomvu
- I-Quicksilver
- Noma yini equkethe amagama athi "mercury" noma "mercuric".
Ingabe la mabala ayingozi? Ingabe angaba umdlavuza?
'Indawo yokuguga' yangempela ayiyona ingozi nhlobo, futhi ayibangeli umdlavuza.
Kodwa inkinga lapha ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo eziyingozi zomdlavuza wesikhumba (isibonelo, i-melanoma) zingabonakala njengezi zindawo zokuguga ezigabeni zokuqala. Kunzima kumuntu ojwayelekile ukubona umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
Yingakho, uma ubona indawo entsha esikhumbeni sakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibonisa udokotela wesikhumba ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi 'indawo yokuguga' engenangozi. Kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuba uphephile kunokuzisola.
Ingabe la mabala azobuya ngemva kokwelashwa?
Yebo, kunethuba lokuthi zizobuya. Ukwelashwa kususa amabala akhona kuphela. Kodwa uma ungaqhubeki nokuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni, kuhlale kunethuba lokuthi amabala amasha azovela. Ngakho into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela la mabala ukuthi akheke.
Ngakho-ke ukuvimbela kanjani ukuthi la mabala angaveli?
Njengoba imbangela eyinhloko yalezi zindawo kuwukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV), into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuzivikela kukho. Yenza lezi zinto zibe umkhuba.
1. Gqoka isivikelo selanga nsuku zonke: Uma uphuma nsuku zonke, ngisho noma lina, gcoba isivikelo selanga esine-SPF okungenani engu-30 kuzo zonke izindawo eziveziwe, njengobuso bakho, intamo, nezandla. Ungakhohlwa ukuphinda usivike njalo emahoreni amabili uma ujuluka noma usebenza emanzini.
2. Gwema ilanga: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, nciphisa ukuchayeka elangeni ngqo phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-2 ntambama, lapho imisebe yelanga inamandla kakhulu.
3. Gqoka izingubo zokuzivikela: Uma uphuma elangeni, gqoka isigqoko esikhulu, izingubo ezinemikhono emide, kanye nebhulukwe ukuze umboze isikhumba esiningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kunini lapho kungcono ukubona udokotela?
Nakuba amabala okuguga engeyona ingozi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela izinguquko ezithile ezingaba izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba.
Uma ubona noma yiluphi ushintsho olulandelayo esikhumbeni sakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yi-mole endala noma entsha, ungalushayi indiva. Ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela, ikakhulukazi udokotela wesikhumba, ngokushesha.
- Uma indawo iphuma igazi .
- Uma umbala we-mole ushintsha , ikakhulukazi uma uba mnyama .
- Uma unqenqema oluzungeze indawo luba olungajwayelekile (lulahlekelwa ukuma kwalo okuyindilinga futhi lubonakala lusabalala ohlangothini olulodwa).
- Uma indawo ikhula ngokushesha .
Ushintsho olufana nalolu alusho ukuthi umdlavuza, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwuhlola ukuze uphephe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amabala okuguga amabala ansundu angenangozi avela ngokuguga kanye nokuchayeka elangeni. Awahlobene nesibindi sakho.
- Nakuba lezi zingeyingozi, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesikhumba zingabonakala zifana nalezi ezigabeni zazo zokuqala. Ngakho-ke kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela uma ubona indawo entsha.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwalezi zindawo ukusebenzisa isivikelo selanga nsuku zonke nokuvikela isikhumba sakho elangeni elibi.
- Uma ibala esikhumbeni sakho lishintsha umbala, isimo, noma usayizi, noma uma liphuma igazi, ungalishayi indiva bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Uma ufuna ukususa la mabala ngezizathu zobuhle, kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphephile nezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho wesikhumba ngawo.
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