Ingabe umzimba wakho ubambekile, kodwa ingqondo yakho ikhululekile? Ake sixoxe nge-Locked-in Syndrome (LiS)

Cabanga ukwazi ukuqonda nokuzwa konke okufunayo, kodwa ungakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukuhambisa umzimba wakho... njengokungathi uvaleleke emzimbeni wakho. Akuzizwa ungenamandla ukucabanga ngalokhu? Yilolo kanye uhlobo lwesifo sezinzwa esibi, kodwa esingavamile kakhulu esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Locked-in Syndrome, noma `(LiS)` ngamafuphi.

Kuyini i-Locked-in Syndrome?

Kalula nje, i-locked-in syndrome iyisifo sezinzwa esingavamile lapho yonke imisipha yakho yokuzithandela, ngaphandle kwemisipha elawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo akho, iba yinto engasebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awukwazi ukwenza noma yini ofuna ukuyenza, njengokuhambisa izingalo noma imilenze yakho, ukukhuluma, noma ukuveza imizwa ngobuso bakho.

Kodwa into emangalisayo ukuthi, umuntu okulesi simo unezinzwa zakhe zonke, ubuhlakani, kanye nenkumbulo yakhe evamile. Angakuzwa futhi aqonde okwenzekayo nxazonke zakhe. Kodwa abanandlela yokusabela kukho. Kufana nomuntu ovaleleke emzimbeni wakhe, ongakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukunyakaza.

Laba bantu bavame ukuxhumana ngokuhambisa amehlo abo phezulu naphansi, noma ngokucwayiza, abangakwazi ukukulawula. Ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokusiza ngale njongo.

Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo ukulimala kwengxenye ethile yobuchopho bethu ebizwa ngokuthi ama-pons. Sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe kamuva.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Kutholakale izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-locked-in syndrome (LiS). Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.

1. Imodi yakudala

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Kulesi simo, umzimba wonke awusakwazi ukuhamba. Lokho kusho ukuthi abakwazi ukwenza noma yikuphi ukunyakaza ngokuzithandela. Kodwa-ke, bangashukumisa amehlo abo phezulu naphansi bese becwayiza. Futhi, ukuqonda kwabo nokuhlakanipha kwabo kuhlala kujwayelekile. Bangazizwa izinto ezenzeka eduze kwabo kahle kakhulu.

2. Ifomu elingaphelele

Lokhu kufana nohlobo lwakudala. Okusho ukuthi, noma umzimba wonke ungaphili, amehlo angahamba phezulu naphansi, acwayize. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokunyakaza kanye nomuzwa osele ezingxenyeni ezithile zomzimba. Lowo umehluko omncane lapha.

3. Imodi Yokungashukumi Okuphelele

Lolu uhlobo olunzima kakhulu nolungavamile. Kulokhu, wonke umzimba uyakhubazeka ngokuphelele, futhi ikhono lokuhambisa amehlo liyalahleka. Kodwa, ngokumangazayo, laba bantu banokucabanga nokuhlakanipha okuvamile. Odokotela baqinisekisa lokhu ngokuhlola umsebenzi we-cerebral cortex (umsebenzi we-cortical) ngezivivinyo ezifana ne-"electroencephalogram - EEG)``, elinganisa amaza obuchopho.

Ubani ongaba ne-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Empeleni, lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-locked-in syndrome (LiS) singaba khona kunoma yimuphi ubudala. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi sivame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50 .

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-Locked-in syndrome (LiS) iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ngezinye izikhathi ihlolwa kabi noma icatshangwa ngephutha ukuthi iyisimo sezokwelapha, kunzima kubacwaningi ukusho ukuthi bangaki abantu abasitholayo minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile kuyamukelwa ukuthi ayivamile kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Imiphumela emzimbeni ingahluka kancane kuye ngohlobo lwe-locked-in syndrome (LiS) onayo.

Ngokuvamile, uma uqala ukubona umuntu onesifo sokuvalelwa ngaphakathi, ucabanga ukuthi akaqondi lutho, okungukuthi, usekwi-coma. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi akakwazi ukusabela nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kungemva kwesikhathi lapho uqaphela khona ukuthi useyaqonda.

Izinto abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukuzenza:

• Ukudla okuhlafunwayo
• Ukugwinya
• Ukukhuluma
• Izimo zobuso (njengokumomotheka, ukuzizwa udabukile)
• Akukho ukunyakaza komzimba ngaphansi kwamehlo

Izinto abantu abaningi abangazenza (ngezindlela zakudala nezingaphelele):

• Ungahambisa amehlo akho phezulu naphansi (kodwa hhayi ohlangothini oluya kolunye, okungukuthi, ngokuvundlile).
• Ungaqhweba iso.

Izinto wonke umuntu (ngazo zonke izinhlobo) angazizenza:

• Ngizwa izinto ezenzeka eduze kwami, abantu bekhuluma.
• Ungaqonda lapho othile ekhuluma noma efunda okuthile.
• Ungacabanga futhi ucabange njengoba wenza ngaphambi kokuba lesi simo sivele.
• Imijikelezo yokulala nokuvuka ivamile.

Ingabe uzizwa ubuhlungu nge-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Lokhu kuncike nasohlotsheni lwe-Locked-In Syndrome (LiS) onayo.

• Umuntu ongakwazi ukuhamba kahle akazizwa ubuhlungu emzimbeni ngoba umzimba wakhe wonke awusakwazi ukuhamba kahle.
• Umuntu onesimo esingaphelele angase azwe ubuhlungu kanye neminye imizwa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Yini ebangela i-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko ye-locked-in syndrome (LiS) ukulimala kwengxenye ethile yobuchopho bethu ebizwa ngokuthi ama-pons.

Ukulimala engxenyeni yobuchopho ye-pons

Ama-pons ayinqwaba yemicu yezinzwa efana nesicathulo sehhashi. Itholakala phakathi kwe-medulla oblongata, ingxenye ephansi kakhulu ye-brainstem, kanye ne-cerebellum, elawula ukunyakaza kwemizimba yethu, ikakhulukazi ibhalansi.

Ama-pons ayingxenye yobuchopho ebizwa ngokuthi i-cerebrum, equkethe izindlela eziningi ezibalulekile zemizwa ezixhumanisa i-cerebrum yethu, intambo yomgogodla, kanye ne-cerebellum. Ku-locked-in syndrome, lapho ama-pons onakele, zonke izimpawu zemizwa ezivela ebuchosheni ziya emisipheni emzimbeni ziyavalwa. Yingakho umzimba wonke ukhubazeka. Lo monakalo uphinde uthinte izikhungo ezisesigabeni sobuchopho ezilawula ukubonakaliswa kobuso kanye nenkulumo. Yingakho singakwazi ukuveza imizwa ngobuso bethu, ukuhlafuna ukudla, ukugwinya, noma ukukhuluma.

Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yokulimala kwama-pons yi -ischemic stroke noma i-hemorrhagic stroke, ethinta izindlela ze-corticospinal, i-corticopontine, kanye ne-corticobulbar ohlelweni lobuchopho.

• I- ischemic stroke yilapho ihlule legazi livimba umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni, linqande ukuphakelwa kwegazi ebuchosheni.
• Isifo sohlangothi esophayo siwukulapho ukopha kuqala ukugeleza ngokuzumayo ebuchosheni kusuka emthanjeni osebuchosheni.

Ezinye izimbangela zomonakalo kuma-pons

Ngaphezu kwesifo sohlangothi, ezinye izimbangela eziningana ezingavamile zingabangela umonakalo kuma-pons, okuholela ku-locked-in syndrome (LiS).

• Ukutheleleka kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho.
• Izimila noma izinqwaba ezigobhozayo noma esiqwini sobuchopho.
• Ukususwa kwe-myelin kuwukulahlekelwa kwesembozo esivikelayo (i-myelin) esizungeze amangqamuzana ezinzwa.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, isibonelo , i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) kanye ne-Guillain-Barre syndrome .
• Ukulimala kuma-pons.
• Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa .

Ungayibona kanjani i-Locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abane-locked-in syndrome (LiS) abasabeli ezintshukumisweni ezibuhlungu (okungukuthi, abanazo izimpendulo zemisipha) odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuhlola ukusabela, odokotela bangase baqale ngephutha bacabange ukuthi abaqaphile. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilonga (LiS) ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima futhi kudle isikhathi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-locked-in syndrome (LiS) ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele lezi zimpawu. Futhi, njengengxenye yohlelo lokuxilonga nokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi yini ebangela i-locked-in syndrome.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole i-locked-in syndrome (LiS), bathole imbangela, futhi banqume ezinye izimo.

• Iskeni se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI) noma i-CT (Computed Tomography - CT): Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo kuma-pons akho noma kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho bakho.
• I-cerebral angiography: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungabona ukuthi kukhona yini ihlule legazi emithanjeni yesiqu sobuchopho noma kwenye indawo ebuchosheni.
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG): Lokhu kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho. Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi babone ukuthi ukusebenza kobuchopho bakho kanye nemijikelezo yokulala nokuvuka kujwayelekile yini. Kungasiza ukuhlukanisa i-LiS kwezinye izimo.
• Amandla avuselelwe: Lawa alinganisa umsebenzi kagesi ezingxenyeni zobuchopho kanye nomgogodla ngokuphendula ezintweni ezinjengobuhlungu, ukuzwa, noma izinto ezithinta amehlo. Odokotela bawasebenzisa ukuhlola izimpendulo zobuchopho ezonakele kanye nezimpendulo zobuchopho ezinempilo.
• I-Electromyography: Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi imisipha yakho nezinzwa zakho zisebenza kahle kangakanani. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa ukuqeda ukulimala kwemisipha nezinzwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Iphaneli ye-metabolic, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlola izinga le-sodium egazini, ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ngabe isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pontine myelinolysis siyimbangela.
• Ukuhlolwa koketshezi lomgogodla (i-CSF): Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukutheleleka noma isimo sokuzivikela komzimba yisona esibangela izimpawu.

Iphathwa kanjani i-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-locked-in syndrome (LiS). Okuwukuphela kwento okufanele yenziwe, uma kungenzeka, ukwelapha imbangela yesifo nokuvimbela ezinye izinkinga.

Ukuphathwa kwe-locked-in syndrome kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa okusekelayo kanye nokuqeqeshwa kokuxhumana .

Ukwelashwa okusekelayo

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kokuphefumula nokondla kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala. Abantu abane-LiS bavame ukudinga ukwesekwa kokuphefumula okwenziwe. Baphinde babe ne-tracheotomy (ithubhu elifakwa ngembobo encane entanyeni liye embhobheni womoya).

Ngenxa yokuthi akuphephile ukudla noma ukuphuza ngomlomo nge-LiS, laba bantu bavame ukuba nethubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-gastrostomy tube (G-tube) elifakwa ngqo esiswini sabo. Yilapho kunikezwa khona ukudla namanzi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezingeziwe zifaka:

• Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa yokungakwazi ukunyakaza. Isibonelo:Izinto ezifana ne-pneumonia, izifo zomgudu womchamo (UTIs), kanye nokuqhekeka kwegazi (thrombosis).
• Ukuvimbela ukulimala kwengcindezi/izilonda zokulala .
• Nikeza ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze uvimbele ukufinyela kwezitho, okuwukulahlekelwa ukunyakaza okubangelwa ukuqina kwamalunga, imisipha, noma izicubu ezithambile zezitho.
• Nikeza ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze ubuyisele noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okuncane okusele noma okululama ngokuzithandela (uma kukhona).

Ukuqeqeshwa kokuxhumana

Abelaphi benkulumo bangasiza abantu abane-locked-in syndrome (LiS) ukuthi baxhumane ngokucacile ngokunyakaza kwamehlo nangokucwayiza. Le ndlela yokuxhumana ihlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Isibonelo, ukubheka phezulu kungasho ukuthi "yebo" kanti ukubheka phansi kungasho ukuthi "cha" (noma okuphambene nalokho). Futhi, lapho omunye umuntu efunda incwadi, angase akwazi ukukhomba uhlamvu afuna ukulusebenzisa ukwakha amagama nemisho.

Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zokunyakaza kwamehlo, amadivayisi okuxhumana kagesi , njengezinzwa zokunyakaza kwamehlo ze-infrared kanye ne-computer voice prosthetics, avumele abantu abane-LiS ukuthi baxhumane ngokukhululeka kakhudlwana futhi bafinyelele i-inthanethi.

Kungenzeka yini ukululama ngokuphelele ku-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Kuye ngembangela ye-locked-in syndrome (LiS), amanye amakhono okunyakaza angabuya. Kodwa-ke, ukululama okuphelele akuvamile. Abanye abantu abane-LiS bangase babe nokunyakaza kanye nomuzwa othile kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wabo.

Abantu abaningi abaphinde baphinde balahlekelwe ukusebenza kwezinzwa, kodwa bangafunda ukuxhumana ngokunyakaza kwamehlo.

Ingabe i-locked-in syndrome (LiS) ingavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, amacala amaningi e-locked-in syndrome (LiS) awakwazi ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sohlangothi, ingozi yakho yokuthola i-LiS nayo inganda.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa leyo ngozi.

Uyini umbono womuntu onesifo sokuvalelwa ngaphakathi (i-LiS)?

Isibikezelo sabantu abane-locked-in syndrome (LiS) sincike embangela yokugula, uhlobo lokugula, kanye nezinga lokusekelwa nokunakekelwa abakutholayo.

Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi abantu abane-LiS babike ukuthi baphila impilo ejabulisayo nenenjongo, ikakhulukazi lapho bethola izinsizakalo ezinhle zomphakathi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuzivumelanisa nezimo obasiza badlale indima evamile ekhaya nasemphakathini.

Abantu abaningi abane-LiS bangasebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile esinenjini kanye nekhompyutha enobuchwepheshe obuhambisana nezimo.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani ne-locked-in syndrome (LiS)?

Abanye abantu abane-locked-in syndrome (LiS) abaphili ngalé kwezigaba zokuqala zesifo, ngenxa yezinkinga zezokwelapha. Kodwa-ke, abanye baphila iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 futhi babika izinga elihle lokuphila.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani mina, noma umuntu one-LiS?

Uma une-locked-in syndrome (LiS), kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuhle kwezokwelapha ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezifana ne-pneumonia kanye nezilonda zokulala ezibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola izindlela zokuxhumana - kungaba ngokusebenzisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo noma ubuchwepheshe bokusiza njengobuchwepheshe bokulandelela amehlo. Cabanga ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekelana ukuze uhlangane nabanye abaye baba nokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo.

Uma unakekela umuntu one-`(LiS)` , kubalulekile ukuthi ummele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okungcono kakhulu futhi unokufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obumsiza ukuthi axhumane futhi azimele kakhudlwana.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Locked-in Syndrome (LiS) yisimo esingavamile futhi esibucayi. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufana nalokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likhona ukuze likusekele wena nabathandekayo bakho. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuhle nokufunda izindlela ezintsha zokuxhumana lapho uhlala ne-LiS.

Ngokunakekelwa okusekelwe okuthuthukile kwanamuhla kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, abantu abaningi abane-Locked-In Syndrome (LiS) baphila impilo egcwele nenenjongo. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi ulahle ithemba. Kukhona ikhambi lazo zonke izinkinga, indlela yokubhekana nazo zonke izinselele.

Isifo Esivalekile, i-Pons, Isifo Sobuchopho, I-Neurology, Ukukhubazeka, Ukuxhumana