Ungathanda ukwazi nge-biopsy yakho ye-lymph node?

Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile nokuthi udinga ukwenza i-lymph node biopsy? Noma ingabe kuyinto ehlelelwe umngane wakho futhi unesithakazelo kuyo? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi wethukile kancane uma uzwa lokhu. Kodwa uma sikuqonda kahle lokhu, singakunciphisa lokho kwesaba nokwesaba. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi iyini i-lymph node biopsy, ukuthi kungani yenziwa, ukuthi yenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kwenzekani ngemva kwalokho.

Kuyini i-lymph node biopsy?

Kalula nje, i-lymph node biopsy iwukuhlolwa kokuhlola noma yiziphi izimpawu zesifo, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza, kuma-lymph node akho. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela (ngokuvamile udokotela ohlinzayo noma i-radiologist) ususa yonke noma ingxenye encane ye-lymph node yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, omunye uchwepheshe obizwa ngokuthi i-pathologist uhlola izicubu elabhorethri.

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi ziyini lezi zinhlayiya ze-lymph. Lezi zinhlayiya ze-lymph ziyizitho ezincane ezitholakala kuwo wonke umzimba wethu, cishe ngobukhulu be-pea. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuhlunga uketshezi lwe-lymph `(Lymph)` oluvela kumaseli nezicubu zethu, nokubamba izinto eziyingozi namagciwane akulo. Cabanga nje, amagciwane angena emzimbeni wethu abhajwa ngaphakathi kwalezi zinhlayiya ze-lymph. Futhi, umdlavuza ofana no-`(Lymphoma)` ungaqala ngqo kuma-lymph node. Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza nazo zingasakazekela kuma-lymph node.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuthatha lesi sicubu esincane bese sisihlola, singathola ngisho nezimpawu ezicashile. Imiphumela yalesi `(Lymph Node Biopsy)` ivumela odokotela ukuthi bazi kahle ukuthi isifo sikhona yini, banqume ubukhulu baso, bese benquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Udokotela uncoma nini ukuthi kwenziwe i-biopsy?

Kunezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho engase ancome i-lymph node biopsy:

• Ukuze kuhlolwe umdlavuza futhi kutholakale isigaba sawo. Odokotela benza lolu vivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona yini nokuthi ususakazeke ngale kwendawo yokuqala. Lolu lwazi lusetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho. Luphinde lukunikeze umbono wokuthi hlobo luni lwemiphumela ongayilindela ekwelashweni (ukubikezela).
• Thola ukuthi yini ebangela ukuvuvukala kweqakala. Kuvamile ukuthi amaqakala avuvuke uma sigula. Lokhu kwenzeka uma sinomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma ukuvuvukala kungapheli futhi kuqhubeka, futhi udokotela engakwazi ukuthola imbangela, khona-ke kungase kudingeke i-biopsy. Kungaba ukutheleleka okukhulu , noma kungaba yisifo samasosha omzimba njenge-sarcoidosis.

Uma unikezwa lokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yisiphi isimo abasisolayo nokuthi yini abayihlolayo. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-lymph node biopsies ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-`(Lymph Node Biopsy)`. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:

• I-Biopsy ye-Sentinel Node: Lokhu kwenziwa ukuhlola ukuthi umdlavuza usakazeke ngale kwendawo yokuqala, waya kuma-lymph node aseduze. Kule nqubo, udokotela uthola ama-lymph node aseduze nesimila (abizwa ngokuthi ama-sentinel lymph node), awasuse, bese ewahlola ukuthi awawona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

• Ukuhlolwa Kwenaliti: Amanye amathumba atholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu, ezindaweni okulula ukufinyelela kuzo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kusetshenziswa le ndlela yokuhlolwa kwenaliti. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezimbili zalokhu:
• Ukufuthwa Kwenaliti Encane (i-FNA): Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa inaliti encane kakhulu, engenalutho ukususa uketshezi oluthile namaseli esigaxeni.
• I-Core Needle Biopsy: Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa inalithi enkulu kancane kune-FNA ukuze kuthathwe isampula yezicubu eziphelele.

• I-Open Biopsy: Ngezinye izikhathi, uma isimila sitholakala ngaphakathi emzimbeni futhi singenakufinyelelwa kalula ngesikhumba, khona-ke kusetshenziswa le ndlela ye-open biopsy. Kulokhu, udokotela wenza ukusika okuncane (ukusikwa) esikhumbeni, afinyelele isimila, bese esisusa ngokuphelele (Excisional Biopsy)) noma ingxenye (Incisional Biopsy)).

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela babiza lezi zinhlobo ze-"biopsy" ngokusekelwe ekutheni izigaxa zikuphi. Izindawo eziyinhloko yilezi:

• I-biopsy ye-lymph node ye-axillary.
• I-biopsy ye-lymph node yomlomo wesibeletho.
• I-biopsy ye-inguinal lymph node.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza imibuzo embalwa ehlobene nempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuphephile ngawe ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Bazokubuza ngalokhu:

• Imithi oyithathayo: Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi kadokotela, imithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amakhambi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo zokudla. Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngakho konke lokhu.
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha: Bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi unezinkinga zokopha (okungukuthi, ukopha kakhulu kunokujwayelekile), ukungezwani komzimba ne-anesthesia noma i-latex, nokuthi ukhulelwe noma kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udokotela uzokunikeza le miyalelo:

• Yimiphi imithi okufanele iyekwe ezinsukwini ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?, ukuthi yini okufanele uqhubeke uyithatha.
• Ingabe udinga "ukuzila ukudla" ukuze uyeke ukudla nokuphuza isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
• Ingabe udinga umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya akunakekele? Ngoba, kuye ngokuthi kuhlolwe kanjani, kungase kungabi kuphephile ukushayela noma ukuba wedwa emahoreni okuqala angu-24. Ngisho noma ungavinjelwe ukushayela, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuba nomuntu ozoduduza ngenkathi uphuma esibhedlela.

Udokotela wakho uzophinde akuchazele ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngosuku lokuhlolwa. Ungangabazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo ngalesi sikhathi.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-lymph node?

Uzolaliswa etafuleni lokuhlolwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-biopsy olusetshenziswayo, udokotela uzokunikeza i-anesthesia ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Uma iqhubu liseduze nesikhumba, uzothola i-anesthesia yendawo kuphela, eqeda leyo ndawo. Kodwa uma iqhubu lingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, ekwenza ulale ngokuphelele.

Ngemva kokuba ulele noma indawo ingasebenzi kahle, udokotela uzokwenza okulandelayo:

• Kutholakala iqhubu elidinga ukuhlolwa. Udokotela angase asebenzise i-ultrasound, i-computed tomography (CT) scan, noma i-mammogram ukuthola indawo eqondile. Ngezinye izikhathi kungafakwa idayi ekhethekile noma i-tracer. Lokhu kuzogeleza kuqhubu futhi kubenze babonakale kakhulu.
• Isimila sisuswa sonke noma ingxenye yaso. Bazama ukulimaza izicubu ezincane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi banciphise noma bavimbele izibazi.
• Ukusika kuzothungwa bese kufakwa ibhandishi. Ungase unikezwe izithungo ezimuncwayo, noma ungase ucelwe ukuthi ubuye ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuze ususwe izithungo.

Kubuhlungu kangakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node?

Uma udokotela efaka umuthi wokubulala izinzwa, kuzwakala sengathi kuhlatshwa inaliti encane, kulandelwe umuzwa wokushisa okuncane. Kodwa-ke, ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile ngemva kwalokho. Kodwa-ke, ungalawula ukungakhululeki ngokuthatha imithi yokubulala izinzwa (etholakala emakhemisi anomuthi kadokotela) kuze kube yilapho inxeba selipholile.

Udokotela uzokweluleka ngokuthi yimiphi imithi yobuhlungu ongayithatha.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuxilongwa kwe-lymph node biopsy?

Ukuhlolwa kwenaliti okulula kungathatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30. Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy okuvulekile kungathatha imizuzu engaba ngu-45. Lokhu kuncike kakhulu ekutheni ungalifinyelela kalula kangakanani i-mole yakho.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-lymph node biopsy?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokulaliswa esibhedlela, okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku.

Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, udokotela wakho uzohlola izinkomba zakho zempilo eziyisisekelo (izinga lokushisa, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, njll.) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuphephile ngawe ukuya ekhaya. Bazokunikeza nemiyalelo yokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani indawo yokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani.

Bazokweluleka ngezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Indlela okufanele inxeba liphole ngayo ngokuvamile. Isibonelo, kuvamile ukuba nokopha, ukuvuvukala, ukuklwebheka, kanye nokungakhululeki ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-lymph node. Kodwa-ke, uma ukopha kukhuphuka, ubuhlungu buyanda, noma indawo ye-biopsy iba bomvu futhi ibonise izimpawu zokutheleleka, akuvamile.
• Indlela yokugcina inxeba lihlanzekile futhi ulinakekele. Ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka, ungase ucelwe ukuba ugweme ukugeza, ukusebenzisa ama-hot tub, futhi mhlawumbe nokugeza izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Bazokutshela ukuthi ungazinakekela kanjani, ukuthi ungaqala nini ukuthatha imithi yakho futhi, nokuthi ungawusingatha kanjani umsebenzi wakho ngaphandle kokucindezela umzimba wakho ngesikhathi sokululama. Bangase futhi bakucebise ukuthi ugweme ukuphakamisa noma yini esindayo kunesisindo esithile.

Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, qiniseka ukuthi uyaqonda kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi kufanele uxhumane nini nodokotela uma inxeba lingapholi kahle.

Yiziphi izingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-lymph node?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-lymph node ngokuvamile kuyindlela ephephile. Kodwa-ke, ayikho inqubo yezokwelapha engenazo nhlobo izingozi. Nazi ezinye zezinkinga ezingavamile ezingase zenzeke:

• Ukutheleleka: Lokhu akuvamile, kodwa uma kwenzeka, udokotela wakho angase akunike ama-antibiotic ukwelapha ukutheleleka.
• Ukopha okwandayo okuvela endaweni yokuhlolwa kwegazi: Ingozi yakho yokopha incike ohlotsheni lwe-biopsy kanye nenani lezicubu ezisusiwe ngudokotela. Bazokutshela ukuthi kufanele ulindele ukopha okungakanani.
• Ukuba ndikindiki endaweni yokuhlolwa kwezicubu: Lokhu kungenzeka uma inzwa yonakele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezicubu. Lokhu kundikindiki kuvame ukuphela phakathi nenyanga noma ezimbili.
• Ukuvuvukala eduze kwendawo yokuhlolwa kwegazi (i-Lymphedema) : Lokhu kungenzeka uma kunenkinga ngokugeleza koketshezi lwe-lymph ngemva kokususwa kwesimila. Lokhu akuvamile ngoba kususwa izimila ezimbalwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi.
• I-Axillary Web Syndrome (`(Axillary Web Syndrome)`) noma `(Cording)`: Ngemva kokususa izintwala ekhwapheni lakho, ungase uqaphele ukubukeka okufana nentambo ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngaphakathi kwengalo yakho. Ukufakwa kwentambo akuvamile kakhulu ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Kuphinde kuphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Iyini imiphumela? Isho ukuthini leyo miphumela?

Imiphumela ye-`(Lymph Node Biopsy)` ikhombisa ukuthi unesifo esithile (`(Esihle)` - okusho ukuthi unesifo) noma cha (`(Esibi)` - okusho ukuthi awunaso lesi sifo).

Isibonelo, uma uthola umphumela othi "unegciwane", kungasho ukuthi unamaseli omdlavuza emasendeni akho. Udokotela uzobe esenza ezinye izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza uqale emasendeni akho noma ukuthi usakazeke usuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.

Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yakho.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela?

Ungathola imiphumela ngosuku olufanayo, noma kungathatha amasonto ambalwa.

Ezimweni lapho kusolwa khona umdlavuza, i-lymph node biopsy ivame ukwenziwa ngosuku olufanayo. Ngemva kwe-biopsy, udokotela angakucela ukuthi ulinde isikhashana ukuze isampula ihlolwe. Uma imiphumela yakho ikhombisa ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza, udokotela angasusa izicubu ezengeziwe ngalolo suku ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. Ngemuva kwalokho ngeke kudingeke ubuye uzophinde uvakashele.

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele ulindele imiphumela nini nokuthi uzoyithola kanjani (abanye odokotela bayashayela ucingo, abanye bayithumela ku-inthanethi ngengosi yesiguli eyimfihlo).

Kufanele ngixhumane nini nodokotela?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zokutheleleka, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda.
• Ukuvuvukala, ukufudumala, ukubomvu, noma ukuphuma koketshezi okungavamile endaweni yokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Iningi labantu liyalulama ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa uma unenkinga, shayela udokotela wakho njalo.

Ekugcineni, Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kuvamile ukuzizwa udidekile, ukhathazekile, futhi mhlawumbe ukhungathekile uma uthola ukuthi udinga i-lymph node biopsy. Kungokwemvelo futhi ukufuna ukwenza lokhu ngokushesha okukhulu futhi wazi impendulo.

Ngesikhathi ulinde ukuhlolwa kwakho (noma imiphumela), khumbula lokhu: Nakuba i-biopsy ingathola izimo ezibucayi, inganikeza impumuzo ebalulekile. Isibonelo, imiphumela yakho ingabonisa ukuthi umdlavuza wakho awusakazekanga. Ingakunikeza nombono wokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza ezingcono kakhulu zokulawula lesi sifo. Nakuba lokhu kungase kube okucindezelayo, ulwazi olutholayo nge-lymph node biopsy lubalulekile empilweni yakho yesikhathi esizayo kanye nenhlalakahle.Khumbula lokho.

` I-biopsy ye-lymph node, umdlavuza, i-biopsy, ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph node, ama-lymph node, i-sentinel node biopsy, i-nail biopsy, i-open biopsy