Ingabe nawe uhlushwa izifo zendlebe ezivame ukwenzeka? Ingabe uhlushwa izinkinga ezifana nokuphuma kobomvu endlebeni, ubuhlungu bendlebe, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa kancane kancane? Ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yezinkinga zendlebe eziqhubekayo ingaba ukutheleleka ethanjeni elingemuva kwendlebe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile odokotela abakuncomayo kubizwa ngokuthi i-Mastoidectomy. Nakuba leli gama lingavamile, lokhu ukuhlinzwa okulethe impumuzo empilweni yabantu abaningi. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini i-Mastoidectomy?
Kalula nje, i-mastoidectomy ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwezingxenye zethambo ezinesifo ngemuva kwendlebe yakho.
Cabanga nje, ngemuva kwezindlebe zethu, njengengxenye yogebhezi, kukhona ithambo elibizwa ngokuthi 'iMastoid'. Leli akulona ithambo eliqinile. Lifana ne-honeycomb, noma isiponji, eligcwele amaseli amaningi amancane omoya ngaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, lawa kufanele abe nempilo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma izifo zendlebe, ikakhulukazi izifo zendlebe ephakathi ('otitis media'), zingalawulwa, lokhu kutheleleka kungasakazeka futhi kuye kumaseli omoya angaphakathi kwethambo le-mastoid. Yilapho inkinga iqala khona. I-Mastoidectomy ukuhlinzwa kokususa la maseli omoya anesifo.
Kungani udinga i-Mastoidectomy?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana eziyinhloko ezenza umuntu ahlinzwe lokhu.
- Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okuqhubekayo: Abanye abantu banezifo zendlebe eziqhubekayo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma ukutheleleka kuba kubi kakhulu ukuba kungalawulwa ngama-antibiotic futhi kusakazekele ethanjeni le-mastoid.
- I-Cholesteatoma: Lokhu kuyicala elikhethekile. I-Cholesteatoma ukukhula okungajwayelekile kwamangqamuzana esikhumba okungenawo umdlavuza. Ngokuvamile ikhula endlebeni ephakathi, ngemuva kwe-eardrum. Ingavela futhi njengenkinga yokutheleleka kwendlebe okuphindaphindiwe. Njengoba lokhu kukhula kukhula, kungalimaza amathambo athambile (amathambo amancane endlebeni asiza ngokuzwa) kanye nemizwa eyizungezile. Ngakho-ke, i-mastoidectomy iyadingeka ukuze isuswe ngokuphelele.
- Ukuhlinzwa Kokufakelwa Kwe-Cochlear: Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwe-cochlear ukuze kubuyiselwe ukuzwa endlebeni.
- Ukuqhekeka kwe-eardrum: Umuntu onesigubhu se-eardrum esiqhekekile angase ahlinzwe i-mastoidectomy kanye nokuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe (tympanoplasty).
Zikhona yini izinhlobo zalolu hlinzeko?
Yebo, kuye ngohlobo kanye nobunzima besimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olukufanele. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kwenziwani | Amaphuzu akhethekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Mastoid Okulula (Ukuhlinzwa Okulula Kwe-Mastoidectomy) | Kususwa kuphela amakamelo omoya athelelekile ethanjeni le-mastoid. | Akudali umonakalo emgudwini wendlebe noma ezingxenyeni zendlebe ephakathi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Mastoid Okuphezulu Kodonga Lwemijelo (Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Tympanomastoid) | Kususwa amathambo amaningi kunasekuhlinzweni okulula, ukuze kufinyelelwe izingxenye zendlebe ephakathi, njengamathambo amancane (ama-ossicles) asiza ekuzweni. | Kulokhu, umsele wendlebe uvikelwe ngokuphelele. |
| Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Mastoid Okususwa Ngodonga Lwemisele (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Mastoid Okukhulu Noma Okuguquliwe) | Lokhu kwenziwa uma umsele wendlebe wonakele ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha noma uma umsele udinga ukususwa ukuze kususwe ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Kule nqubo, umsele wendlebe kanye nethambo le-mastoid kuyahlanganiswa ukuze kwakheke umsele omkhulu (umsele we-mastoid). | Lokhu kwenziwa uma isifo sesiqhubeke kakhulu noma lapho okunye ukuhlinzwa kwehlulekile. Ukuvulwa kwendlebe nakho kuyakhuliswa ukuze kube lula ukuhlanza lesi simbobo esikhathini esizayo. |
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa...
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza uhlu lwemiyalelo okufanele uyilandele ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyilandela ngqo. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile (njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi). Njengoba lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, okusho ukuthi ulele ngokuphelele, kuzodingeka uhlele ukuthi othile omethembayo akuyise esibhedlela nasekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa...
Ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Kwenziwa i-incision yesikhumba ngemuva kwendlebe, ifinyelele ethanjeni le-mastoid. Udokotela uyaqikelela ukuthi wenza le incision ngendlela ezokwenza inxeba lingabonakali kamuva.
2. Ukuvula ithambo: Ithambo le-mastoid livulwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile.
3. Ukususwa kwezingxenye ezinegciwane: Amakamelo omoya athelelekile kanye nezinye izicubu ezinegciwane kususwa ngokucophelela.
4. Ukuthungwa: Ukusika kuyavalwa futhi bese kuthungwa.
5. Ukumboza inxeba: Inxeba limbozwe nge-gauze ehlanzekile.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha amahora amabili noma amathathu ukuqedwa.
Khumbula, ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kodwa kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ukungakhululeki ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ingabe kukhona ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ukusikwa ngemuva kwendlebe kungabangela ubuhlungu, umuzwa wokusinda endlebeni, noma umuzwa wokuvaleka. Lezi yizimo ezivamile. Ukuze ulawule lobu buhlungu, ungasebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu efana ne-paracetamol (`acetaminophen`) noma i-ibuprofen, njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza isethi yemiyalelo ukukusiza uhlale ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa. Yilandele ngokucophelela.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, i-Mastoidectomy inezinzuzo kanye nezingozi.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi |
|---|---|
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Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa futhi imiphi imiphumela?
Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12 ukululama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangabuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile (emsebenzini, esikoleni) cishe ngesonto elilodwa noma amabili.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Mastoidectomy ngokuvamile kuyaphumelela. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela incike esizathwini sokuhlinzwa kanye nohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenziwayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kuhlinzwa akukhona ukubuyisela ukuzwa, kodwa ukuvikela impilo yakho ngokususa ukutheleleka okungadala izinkinga ezinkulu. Kuvamile ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu njenge-Radical Mastoidectomy. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu kusenesikhathi.
Kufanele ngiphinde ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma ubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo , kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha.
- Umkhuhlane ongu-100.5 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukopha ngokweqile noma uketshezi olufana nobovu oluvela endlebeni.
- Ukubukeka okubuthakathaka noma okungenampilo kolunye uhlangothi lobuso.
- Isizungu (vertigo) noma ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngokuzumayo.
Uma unezifo zendlebe eziqhubekayo, ungazinaki futhi ubone udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-mastoidectomy kungaba yisisombululo esihle kakhulu senkinga yakho. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasusa ukutheleleka futhi kuthuthukise impilo yakho iyonke kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mastoidectomy iwukuhlinzwa kokususa ukutheleleka ethanjeni le-mastoid elingemuva kwendlebe.
- Lokhu kwenziwa kakhulu ukususa izifo zendlebe eziqhubekayo kanye nohlobo lwesimila esibizwa ngokuthi i-cholesteatoma.
- Umgomo oyinhloko wokuhlinzwa ukususa ukutheleleka, okungadala izinkinga ezinkulu, kunokuthuthukisa ukuzwa.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengomkhuhlane, ukopha ngokweqile, noma ubuthakathaka bobuso, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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