Uma ungumama okhulelwe, cishe ujwayelene nama-scan ahlola impilo yengane yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma igama elithi "megaureter" livela embikweni we-scan, kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba kakhulu futhi ukhathazekile. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uma usazi kahle lesi simo, uzoba namandla kakhulu ekubhekaneni naso. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi siyini, kungani senzeka, nokuthi yini engenziwa ngaso.
Kalula nje, iyini le Megaureter?
Kulungile, ake siqale siqonde kancane ngendlela uhlelo lomchamo olusebenza ngayo emzimbeni wethu. Sinezinso ezimbili. Lezi yizo ezihlunga igazi lethu futhi zenze umchamo (umchamo) ngemikhiqizo engadingekile. Bese kuba namapayipi amabili amancane athwala lo mchamo uye esinyeni. Lawa mapayipi amabili yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-ureter .
Ngokuvamile, i-urethra kumuntu ophilile iyipayipi elincane elingamasentimitha angu-9 ubude kanye nobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-1. Kodwa-ke, esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi ``megaureter``, le urethra inkulu kakhulu futhi ibanzi kunokujwayelekile. Kalula nje, iyi-"mega" (enkulu) "ureter" (ureter) njengoba igama lisikisela.
Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangelwa ukuzalwa kwengane isesesibelethweni. Yingakho sivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezithombe zokukhulelwa. Uma singelashwa kahle, isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi ``Megaureter`` singalimaza uhlelo lomchamo lomntwana.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-megaureter?
Yebo, lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi senzeka kanjani. Uma udokotela wakho esebenzisa la magama, ake sifunde ngawo ukuze kube lula ukuwaqonda.
| Uhlobo lwe-Megaureter | Okwenzekayo kulula. |
|---|---|
| I-Megaureter Yokuvuselela Umoya | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umchamo ovela kwesinyeni ugeleza emuva, phezulu, futhi wehla nge-ureter uye ezinso. Lokhu kugeleza emuva (i-vesicoureteral reflux) kubangela ukuthi i-ureter inwebeke futhi ikhule kancane kancane. |
| I-Megaureter Eyinhloko Evinjiwe | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-urethra, lapho ixhumeka khona nesinye, iyavaleka futhi inciphe. Kufana nokucindezela ipayipi lamanzi ekugcineni. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umchamo uphume (ukuvaleka) bese ipayipi ligcwala umchamo, okubangela ukuthi uvuvuke futhi ube mkhulu. |
| I-megaureter eyinhloko engavimbeli, engavuseleli umoya | Kulesi simo, azikho izizathu ezingenhla ezikhona. Okusho ukuthi, umchamo awugelezi emuva, futhi akukho ukuvaleka. Kodwa i-urethra isikhule kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo siyaphola sodwa njengoba ingane ikhula. |
| Ama-Megaureter Esibili | Lokhu kubangelwa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengokuvaleka kwe-urethra, i-prune belly syndrome , noma i-neurogenic bladder . |
Yiziphi izimpawu ingane yami engase ibe nazo ngalesi simo?
Esikhathini esiningi, izingane ezine-megaureter azinazo izimpawu . Yingakho ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kubaluleke kangaka. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuzalwa, zingase zibe nezimpawu. Lezi zifaka:
- Ubuhlungu besifuba: Ubuhlungu obuvela ohlangothini lomhlane, ngaphansi kwezimbambo.
- Igazi emchameni (i-hematuria): Uma umchamo uphenduka upinki, ubomvu, noma ube nsundu.
- Ukutheleleka okuvamile komgudu womchamo (UTIs): Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo kungabangela umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kanye nokushisa lapho uchama.
- Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngomchamo: Uma ingane yakho isikhulile kancane, kungaba nzima ukulawula ukuchama kwayo.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke izingane ezizoba nazo zonke lezi zimpawu. Izici zomntwana oyedwa zingahluka kakhulu komunye.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni? Iyini imbangela?
Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esisodwa salokhu, kodwa kunezizathu ezimbalwa eziyinhloko ezitholakele.
Uma umntwana ekhula esibelethweni, i-urethra yakhiwe ungqimba lwemisipha engancipha. Le misipha iyancipha njengamaza ukuze isunduze umchamo usuka ezinso uye kwesinye. Sibiza le nqubo ngokuthi "i-peristalsis".
Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni salo msipha, kuvela izicubu eziqinile, ezingaguquki, ezinemicu engxenyeni ye-urethra. Le ngxenye eqinile ayikwazi ukufinyela kanjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugeleza komchamo kuyavimbeka, futhi ipayipi ligcwala umchamo, kancane kancane libe likhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvaleka komnyango we-urethra oya kwesinyeni, noma ukukhubazeka kokuphela kwe-urethra (ureterocele), nakho kungabangela isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``megaureter'', esivimbela ukugeleza komchamo.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi lesi simo sivame kakhulu ngokuphindwe kane kubafana kunamantombazane.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lokhu kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nge -ultrasound scan (ultrasound/sonogram) , okuvumela izinso zomntwana, ama-ureter, kanye nesinye ukuthi kubonakale kahle.
Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu ezifana nokutheleleka njalo komgudu womchamo ngemva kokuzalwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola ingane yakho futhi ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe uma esola lesi simo.
- I-VCUG (i-Voiding Cystourethrogram): Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-X-ray. Lapha, kufakwa ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) e-urethra yengane, bese kudluliselwa uketshezi olukhethekile (idayi engafani) ngalo luye esinyeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho ingane ichama, kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonakale ukuthi uketshezi luphuma nomchamo noma lubuyela emuva e-urethra.
- I-ultrasound yezinso: Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ubone usayizi, ukuma, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ezinso nasesinyeni sengane yakho.
- Ukuskena Kwezinso: Kulolu vivinyo, inani elincane kakhulu lezinto ezinemisebe (i-radiotracer) lifakwa emthanjeni wengane. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa isikena esikhethekile ukuqapha ukuthi izinto zidlula kanjani ezinso. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi izinso zisebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza komchamo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (iphaneli ye-Electrolyte): Amazinga e-electrolyte egazini ayahlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi izinso zengane zisebenza kahle yini.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Kuthathwa isampula yomchamo bese kuhlolwa izimpawu zokutheleleka komgudu womchamo.
Kungelashwa kanjani lokhu? Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Ukwelashwa kwalokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngengane. Kuya ngeminyaka yengane, uhlobo lwezimpawu, kanye nempilo yayo iyonke.
Izindaba ezinhle kakhulu yilezi,Iningi lezingane alidingi ukwelashwa okukhulu noma ukuhlinzwa. Isimo sivame ukuba ngcono ngokwaso njengoba ingane ikhula.
Ngakho-ke, odokotela baqala ukusebenzisa indlela "yokubuka nokulinda" . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi:
- Kuhlolwa njalo nge-ultrasound ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi izinso zomntwana zikhula kahle yini.
- Ama-antibiotic angaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokutheleleka kwezifo zomgudu womchamo (UTIs).
Kodwa-ke, uma isimo singathuthuki phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wengane, uma i-urethra iba nkulu (iyanda), uma izifo zomgudu womchamo ziqhubeka, noma uma ukusebenza kwezinso kuthinteka, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa:
1. I-Ureterostomy: Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo uxhuma i-urethra yengane nembobo encane (i-stoma) eyenziwe esiswini. Ngemuva kwalokho, umchamo ugeleza ngqo embobo uye e-napkin yengane esikhundleni sokungena esinyeni. Lokhu kunikeza i-urethra nezinso ukuphumula futhi kuzivumele ukuthi zilulame. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, lapho i-urethra isibuyele esayizini wayo ojwayelekile, kwenziwa olunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze ixhunywe kabusha kwesinyeni.
2. I-Pyeloplasty: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuhilela ukususa noma ukulungisa ingxenye evalekile noma encishisiwe ye-urethra, nokuxhuma kabusha izingxenye ezimbili ezisele ze-urethra.
Izinga lempumelelo yalokhu kuhlinzwa liphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukwesaba. Udokotela uzokuchazela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu enganeni yakho.
Zikhona yini izikhathi lapho kudingeka khona ukuthi uhambise ingane yakho e-ETU?
Yebo. Uma ingane yakho inesifo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Megaureter" futhi inanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTI), yiyise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha .
- Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Ungahlali ekhaya ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Megaureter ukukhulisa okungavamile kwepayipi elithwala umchamo lisuka ezinso zengane liye esinyeni. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yisimo sokuzalwa naso.
- Ungakhathazeki uma uthola ngalokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Iningi lezingane alidingi ukuhlinzwa , futhi lesi simo sizozixazulula ngokwaso njengoba ingane ikhula.
- Uma udokotela wakho encoma indlela "yokulinda ngokuqapha", qiniseka ukuthi uyiyisa ingane yakho ekuhlolweni ngosuku oluhleliwe.
- Ukutheleleka njalo komgudu womchamo kuyisibonakaliso esivamile salesi simo. Ngakho-ke, thatha ama-antibiotic anikezwe udokotela wakho njengoba eyalelwe.
- Uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa, izinga lempumelelo liphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile.
- Uma ingane inezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu emhlane, nokuhlanza, yiyise e -Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) esibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Buza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Bazokunikeza lonke ulwazi kanye nokusekelwa okudingayo.
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