Ingabe umzimba wakho ungangenwa ubuthi yi-mercury? Ake sifunde nge-Mercury Poisoning!

Wake wakubona ukuphuka kwe-thermometer endala wabona uketshezi olucwebezelayo lwesiliva luphuma? Noma wake wezwa ukuthi ukudla izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ezinkulu kungaba yingozi empilweni yakho? Lezi zindaba empeleni zingahlotshaniswa nento eyingozi ebizwa ngokuthi iMercury. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngale nto ebizwa ngokuthi iMercury Poisoning ngendlela elula ongayiqonda, njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Iyini le Mercury?

Kalula nje, i-mercury iyinhlanganisela yemvelo etholakala enhlabathini nasemadwaleni eplanethi yethu. Iyacwebezela futhi inombala wesiliva. Yingakho abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuthi "isiliva eliwuketshezi." Ungase ukhumbule ukuthi ekilasini lesayensi, i-mercury imelelwa uphawu lwe-Hg etafuleni le-periodic, futhi inombolo yayo ye-athomu ingu-80. Enye yezinto eziyingqayizivele nge-mercury ukuthi, nakuba ihlukaniswa njengensimbi, ingaba uketshezi noma into eqinile kuye ngokuthi izinga lokushisa lingakanani.

I-Mercury iyi-conductor enhle. Lokho kusho ukuthi ivumela ugesi nokushisa ukuthi kudlule kalula kuyo. Yingakho ubona i-mercury kuma-thermometer amadala, izibani zasemgwaqweni, kanye nama-light bulb athile e-fluorescent.

Kuyini Ubuthi beMercury?

I-Mercury iyisithako esinobuthi kakhulu futhi esiyingozi emizimbeni yethu. Ubuthi be-Mercury buwukuthi lapho i-mercury eningi kakhulu ingena emzimbeni wakho bese umzimba wakho usabela kabi kuyo. Cabanga ngale ndlela, kufana nomzimba wethu ozama ukukhipha into ongayifuni uma ingena emzimbeni wethu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-mercury ezingaba yingozi?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-mercury ezingaba yingozi emizimbeni yethu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

1. I-Elemental Mercury

Yilokhu okwenziwa yi-liquid mercury, noma 'quicksilver'. Ungayithola ezitsheni zeglasi, kwezinye izinkinobho zikagesi, amalambu e-fluorescent, ngisho nasezintweni zokugcwalisa amazinyo.

2. I-Inorganic Mercury

Lolu hlobo lwe-mercury lusetshenziswa emabhethri, kwezinye izibulali-magciwane, ngisho nasema-lab e-chemistry.

3. I-Organic Mercury

Ungathola i-mercury ephilayo emsini ovela emalahleni avuthayo, ezinhlanzini ezidle i-methylmercury (uhlobo lwe-mercury ephilayo), kanye nakuma-antiseptic amadala, njenge-red dye mercurochrome.

Ubani ongathinteka kakhulu yilokhu?

Ubuthi be-mercury bungathinta noma ubani othinta i-mercury noma oyigwinyayo.

Kodwa-ke, kubi kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane nakubamama abakhulelwe nabancelisayo. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu uma udla izinhlanzi eziningi ezine-mercury eningi.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuba ubuthi be-mercury?

Kwamanye amazwe, njenge-United States, ubuthi be-mercury abuvamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zezimayini noma emadolobheni asogwini, lapho ukudla kunamathuba amaningi okungcoliswa yi-mercury, lesi simo singase sibe sivame kakhulu.

Ubuthi be-mercury buwuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

Uma udla, uthinta, noma uphefumula i-mercury, umzimba wakho uyasabela kabi kuyo. Uma isingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, i-mercury iya enhliziyweni yakho, ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi (CNS), oluyingqondo yakho kanye nomgogodla wakho, kanye nezinso. Umzimba wakho uyazi ukuthi i-mercury akuyona into ofuna ukuba lapho. Ngakho-ke, amasosha omzimba wakho azama ukuqeda le nhlanganisela ye-mercury, njengoba nje ingahlasela amagciwane noma igciwane. Yilokhu okubangela izimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu zobuthi be-mercury?

Izimpawu zobuthi be-mercury zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, futhi ubukhulu bezimpawu buyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-mercury nokuthi kudliwe malini.

Izici zokuncibilika kwe-mercury ye-elemental

I-mercury ye-elemental ngokuvamile ayilimazi uma uyithinta noma uyigwinya, ngoba iyashelela futhi cishe ayimuncwa ngesikhumba noma emathunjini. Kodwa-ke, i-mercury ye-elemental iyingozi kakhulu uma uyiphefumula, okungukuthi, uma ingena emaphashini akho ngokuphefumula kwakho. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho i-mercury iwela phansi bese othile ezama ukuyicosha nge-"vacuum cleaner". Ngemuva kwalokho i-mercury iyahwamuka bese ingena emoyeni.

Izimpawu zingavela cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuphefumula i-mercury eyisisekelo:

• Ukukhwehlela
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukuzwa ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ukopha noma ukuvuvukala kwezinsini

Izici Zokuncibilika Kwe-Mercury Engaphili

I-mercury engaphili inobuthi uma igwinywa. Uma leli khemikhali lingena emzimbeni, lihamba egazini lihlasele ubuchopho bakho nezinso.

Izici zezixazululo ze-mercury ezingaphili:

• Ukuzizwa sengathi unomuzwa oshisayo esiswini sakho kanye/noma emphinjeni
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Uhudo (ukuqunjelwa)
• Ukopha okubangelwa ukuhlanza noma indle
• Ushintsho kumbala womchamo

Izici Zokuncibilika Kwe-Organic Mercury

I-mercury ephilayo inobuthi uma uyiphefumula noma uyithinta. Izimpawu azibonakali ngokushesha. Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngemva kokuchayeka isikhathi eside kule nto ehlanganisiwe (mhlawumbe iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka). Nakuba kungavamile ngaso sonke isikhathi, izimpawu zingavela uma uchayeka eningini elikhulu le-mercury ephilayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Izimpawu zokuchayeka isikhathi eside ku-mercury ephilayo:

• Ukuzwa ukungabi namizwa noma ubuhlungu obungacacile kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba
• Ukuthuthumela (ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki)
• Ukuzizwa ungenaso isilawuli lapho uhamba
• Ukubona kabili noma ukubona okufiphele; mhlawumbe ubumpumputhe
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
• Izimpawu zesifo sokuwa (`(Ukuquleka)`)

Ukuchayeka emazingeni aphezulu e-methylmercury (uhlobo lwe-organic mercury) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungalimaza ubuchopho bomntwana osakhula. Odokotela abaningi batusa ukunciphisa inani lezinhlanzi ozidlayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma ukugwema izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ngokuphelele (ikakhulukazi i-tuna).

Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ku-organic mercury kungaba yingozi. Uma uvame ukuchayeka ku-organic mercury, kufanele ugqoke imishini yokuzivikela efanele (i-PPE). Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana nemaski namagilavu ​​​​ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zempilo ezibangelwa yile nhlanganisela.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Ukuchayeka ku-mercury kuyimbangela eyinhloko yobuthi be-mercury. Kunezindlela eziningana umzimba wakho ongachayeka ngazo ku-mercury:

• Ukuphefumula umhwamuko we-mercury (i-mercury emoyeni njengamaconsi amancane bese ingena emaphashini).
• Ukudla izinhlanzi noma ukudla kwasolwandle okuqukethe inani elikhulu le-mercury ephilayo ngokwemvelo.
• Ukugwinya i-mercury.
• Ukuthinta i-mercury ewuketshezi.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu?

Ngokuvamile, ubuthi be-mercury butholakala egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, ngemva kokuchayeka kanye nokukhula kwezimpawu ezinzima.

Udokotela wakho uzoqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kobuthi be-mercury ngokuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele bese ekwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Udokotela uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, ukuthi zimbi kangakanani, nokuthi ngabe uke wavezwa yinoma yimaphi amakhemikhali noma ama-compounds.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuhlola amazinga akho e-mercury:

• I-X-ray yesifuba (`(I-X-ray yesifuba)`)
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo (ukuqoqwa komchamo amahora angama-24)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (`(Umsebenzi Wegazi)` - inani eliphelele legazi `(inani eliphelele legazi)` kanye nephaneli ye-metabolic)
• Ishadi lesigqi senhliziyo (`(Electrocardiogram - ECG)`)

Iphathwa kanjani?

Egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, udokotela uzoqala asuse into eyingozi esikhumbeni sakho kanye/noma ezingutsheni zakho (ukuhlanza). Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuchayeka okwengeziwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, izimpawu zakho zizolashwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kwelashwa kuzohluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-mercury.

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukususa i-mercury emzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukwelashwa nge-Chelation (ukususwa kwezinsimbi emzimbeni) - kunikezwa njengoketshezi nge-IV.
• Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo ngemaski yomlomo.
• Imithi yokwelapha izimpawu.
• I-Dialysis (i-dialysis yegazi) uma izinso zingasebenzi kahle.
• Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-mercury.

Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuchayeka ku-mercury, kuyadingeka ukuthatha "ama-chelators" (imithi esusa izinsimbi emzimbeni) amasonto noma izinyanga eziningana ukuze kususwe ngokuphelele ikhemikhali emzimbeni.

Ngisho noma kunikezwa ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuze kususwe i-mercury emzimbeni, umonakalo obangelwa yile nhlanganisela ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela izimpawu zesikhathi eside, ezingadinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Ugwema kanjani ubuthi be-mercury?

Kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze uhlale uphephile ebuthi be-mercury. Kulula kakhulu:

• Nciphisa inani lezinhlanzi ozidlayo (eziqukethe i-mercury).
• Gwema ukudla inhlanzi (equkethe i-mercury) uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela uma usebenza ngamakhemikhali kanye namakhemikhali.
• Gwema izindawo lapho kukhona khona i-mercury endaweni okuyo.
• Cabanga ngokufaka okunye esikhundleni sokugcwalisa kwakho amalgam endala.

Okubalulekile: Uma uchitha i-mercury phansi, ungalokothi usebenzise umshini wokuhlanza ukuze uyithathe! Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi i-mercury iphele emoyeni bese ingena emaphashini akho. Uma uchitha i-mercury, xhumana nomnyango wezempilo wendawo noma igunya lokuvikela imvelo ukuze uthole iseluleko sokuthi ungayihlanza kanjani kahle.

Kwenzekani uma kukhona ukuchitheka kwe-mercury?

I-Mercury iyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Indlela ozosabela ngayo ngemva kokuchayeka incike enanini le-mercury oyidlile kanye nempilo yakho iyonke ngesikhathi sokuchayeka.

Abanye abantu babhekana nezimpawu ezincane kakhulu futhi banempilo enhle ngemva kokuthola ukwelashwa kokususa le nhlanganisela emizimbeni yabo.

Kodwa-ke, uma ubhekene ne-mercury ngobuningi, amathuba akho okululama mancane. Ukuphefumula i-elemental mercury kungabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo emaphashini kanye nomonakalo wobuchopho. I-inorganic mercury ingabangela umonakalo wezinso kanye nokopha kwegazi. I-Organic mercury ingalimaza uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa oluphakathi (ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla). Uma udla i-mercury eningi, uma ubhekene nesikhathi eside, noma uma ungalashwa, ingaholela ngisho nasekufeni.

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-mercury, shayela i-Poisons Information Center ngokushesha (eSri Lanka, ungashayela ku-0112 686 143) bese uya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Kufanele uye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezimpawu zobuthi be-mercury, noma uma wazi ukuthi uke wachayeka kwi-mercury, hamba uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ukuze ngiphathe ubuthi be-mercury?
• Ingabe i-mercury engena emzimbeni wami ibangele umonakalo ezithweni zami?
• Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme uma ngikhulelwe noma ngincelisa?

Ingabe ukudla izinhlanzi kungadala ubuthi be-mercury?

Yebo, ezinye izinhlanzi ziqukethe uhlobo lwe-mercury ephilayo ebizwa ngokuthi `(methylmercury).` Lokhu kuyinto etholakala emanzini lapho kuhlala khona izinhlanzi. `(Methylmercury)` yinto eyingozi emzimbeni wakho uma uyidla kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, i-mercury evela ezinhlanzini ngobuningi obujwayelekile, obulinganiselwe ayimbi kangako kubantu.

Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi kanye ne-shellfish ezinamazinga aphezulu e-mercury:

• Ushaka
• I-King mackerel, i-Swordfish
• I-tuna - (uhlobo olukhulu lwe-tuna)
• Okubomvu okuwolintshi
• I-Pike
• I-Walleye
• I-Bass

I-FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) itusa ukuthi ugweme noma unciphise ukudla kwakho izinhlanzi ezine-mercury eningi uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa. Kuhle ukuqaphela lokhu nasezweni lethu.

Ingabe i-mercury ingasuswa ekugcwalisweni kwe-amalgam yamazinyo?

Ukugcwalisa ama-amalgam amadala (okwaziwa nangokuthi ukugcwalisa isiliva) kuqukethe cishe i-50% ye-mercury eyisisekelo ngesisindo. Kuqukethe nezinye izinsimbi ezifana nesiliva, ithusi, kanye ne-tin. Uma une-amalgam amadala emlonyeni wakho, usengozini yokuchayeka ku-mercury kanye nokuqhekeka kwayo.

Izimpawu zokuchayeka kwe-mercury ngenxa yokugcwaliswa kwe-amalgam zifana nezochayeka kwe-mercury eyisisekelo. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukunambitheka kwensimbi emlonyeni.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi izingcezu zakho zokugcwalisa zonakele noma kukhona ukubola kwamazinyo ngaphansi, awudingi ukususa ngokushesha izingcezu zakho zokugcwalisa ze-amalgam bese uzishintsha ngesinye isici esiphephile. Kodwa-ke, uma izingcezu zakho zokugcwalisa ze-amalgam zonakele, khuluma nodokotela wamazinyo mayelana nokuzishintsha, njengoba usengozini enkulu yokuchayeka ku-mercury.

Ekugcineni, kufanele ngithi... (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuchayeka ku-mercury akuthinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zingaba zincane kakhulu, kanti ngezinye izikhathi zingaba yingozi empilweni.

Kodwa-ke, uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka ku-mercury, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yayincane noma inkulu, shayela i-Poison Control Center ngokushesha. ESri Lanka, inombolo ye-National Poison Control Center ithi 0112 686 143. Ungashayela le nombolo ukuze uthole iseluleko sochwepheshe amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Akudingeki kube yisimo esiphuthumayo, ungabuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nobuthi be-mercury noma ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani kukho. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha okukhulu.

Nakekela impilo yakho!

I - Mercury, Ubuthi be-Mercury, izimpawu, ukwelashwa, ukuvimbela, izinhlanzi, ukugcwaliswa kwamazinyo, ubuthi