Uyalwazi umdlavuza obizwa ngokuthi i-Mesothelioma? Ake sixoxe ngawo!

Ngezinye izikhathi sizwa ngezinhlobo zomdlavuza ezingavamile kodwa ezibucayi. I-Mesothelioma ingenye yazo. Mhlawumbe ubulokhu unenkinga yokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba isikhathi eside, kuhle ukucabanga ngalezi zinto. Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini lokhu?

Kuyini i-Mesothelioma?

Kalula nje, i-mesothelioma uhlobo lomdlavuza. Kodwa lona lukhethekile kancane. Kukhona ulwelwesi oluvikelayo oluzungeze ezinye zezitho ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu, njengesimbozo esincane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-mesothelium . Lo mdlavuza uqala emaseli e-mesothelium.

Cabanga ngakho, amaphaphu ethu azungezwe ulwelwesi olubizwa ngokuthi i-pleura , kanti izitho zethu zesisu zizungezwe ulwelwesi olubizwa ngokuthi i-peritoneum . Lezi yizindawo lapho kuvame ukwenzeka khona. Akuvamile, kungenzeka ku -pericardium , ulwelwesi olufana nesikhwama oluzungeze inhliziyo, noma ku -tunica vaginalis, ulwelwesi oluzungeze amasende emadodeni.

Enye into ekhethekile ngalokhu ukuthi umdlavuza ongaphezu kowodwa ungavela. Ngezinye izikhathi la mathumba angahlangana futhi asakazeke njengeshidi elizungeze isitho. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ukwelashwa kuba nzima kancane.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-mesothelioma?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi zikhula kuphi.

• I-Pleural mesothelioma: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Luvela olwelwesini oluzungeze amaphaphu ethu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-pleura.
• I-mesothelioma yesisu: Lolu uhlobo lwesibili oluvame kakhulu. Lukhula ku-peritoneum, ulwelwesi oluzungeze izitho esiswini kanye nomgodi we-pelvic.
• I-Pericardial mesothelioma: Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile kakhulu . Luvela ku-pericardium, ulwelwesi olufana nesikhwama oluzungeze inhliziyo yethu.
• I-Mesothelioma ye-tunica vaginalis testis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-paratesticular mesothelioma): Lokhu nakho akuvamile kakhulu . Kuvela olwelwesini oluzungeze amasende emadodeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi uzwa "ngamathumba e-fibrous azimele", abizwa nangokuthi "i-mesothelioma engeyinhle". Kodwa empeleni awahlobene ne-mesothelioma "embi".

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase uzwe i-mesothelioma ichazwa njenge -epithelioid , i-sarcomatoid , noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili , noma i-biphasic, kuye ngesimo kanye nezinye izici zamaseli omdlavuza. Izinketho zokwelapha kanye nokubikezela kungase kuhluke kuye ngohlobo lwe-mesothelioma onayo.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Izimpawu ze-mesothelioma ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ikuphi emzimbeni. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Imfiva
• Ukujuluka ebusuku
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungenhloso
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma besisu
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, njengokuphelelwa umoya (ukuphelelwa umoya) , ukukhwehlela, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya (ukuphelelwa umoya)
• Izimpawu zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, isibonelo isifo sohudo, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza
• Izimpawu ezihlobene nohlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, njengomfutho wegazi ophansi kanye namaphethini okushaya kwenhliziyo angajwayelekile
• Ukuvuvukala, amaqhubu, noma ubuhlungu emasendeni noma endaweni yemibundu

Ukuba nesibonakaliso esisodwa noma ezimbili zalezi akusona isibonakaliso se-mesothelioma. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Imbangela enkulu yalokhu ukuchayeka ku-asbestos . I-asbestos iyiminerali etholakala ngokwemvelo. Esikhathini esidlule, yayisetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi, njengezinto zokwakha, ukwakha imikhumbi, kanye nemboni yezimoto. Ubuwazi ukuthi i-asbestos iqukethe imicu efana nezinaliti? Lezi zingalimaza izicubu zethu uma siziphefumula noma sizigwinya.

Kodwa into ekhethekile lapha ukuthi lo mdlavuza awukhuli ngokushesha ngemva kokuchayeka ku-asbestos. Kungathatha amashumi eminyaka ukuthi umdlavuza ukhule.

Kodwa lokhu akwenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu. Akuwona wonke umuntu othola i-asbestos othola i-mesothelioma. Futhi akuwona wonke umuntu othola i-mesothelioma oye wathola i-asbestos. Lokho kusho ukuthi ezinye izici zingadlala indima.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Ukuthi usebenze emsebenzini owakuchaya ku-asbestos kuyisici esikhulu esiyingozi. Isibonelo:

• Abantu abasebenza ekwakheni nasekubhidlizeni izakhiwo
• Abantu ababandakanyeka embonini yokwakha imikhumbi
• Abantu abasebenza embonini yezimayini
• Abantu ababekhonza empini (eminye imishini emidala kungenzeka ukuthi yayine-asbestos)
• Abantu abasebenza embonini yokugaya
• Ezindaweni lapho kulungiswa khona izimoto (ikakhulukazi izinto ezifana nezintambo zamabhuleki ezimotweni ezindala)

Kunezinye izinto eziyingozi:

• Ukuchayeka emisebeni: Uma uke wathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza ngaphambilini (ikakhulukazi endaweni yesifuba), noma uma usebenza emsebenzini okuveza emisebeni.
• Ukuchayeka ku-Erionite: I-Erionite iyiminerali efana ne-asbestos. Yayisetshenziswa ekwakheni imigwaqo.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa ku-BAP1 gene kungandisa ingozi yokuba nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, okuhlanganisa ne-mesothelioma.
• Ubulili bemvelo: Amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola i-mesothelioma kunabesifazane.

Izinkinga zeMesothelioma

I-Mesothelioma ingasakazeka (i-metastasize) iye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ingabangela futhi uketshezi ukuthi luqongelelane emaphashini (i-pleural effusion) , eduze kwenhliziyo (i-pericardial effusion) , noma esiswini (i-ascites) . Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezengeziwe esigulini.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?

Kuye ngezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezempilo, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuze anqume ukuthi une-mesothelioma:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-X-ray yesifuba kanye ne -CT scans
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (positron emission tomography - scans) ukuhlola amangqamuzana omdlavuza kwenye indawo emzimbeni
• Ukususa uketshezi emgodini we-pleural noma emgodini wesisu (thoracentesis noma paracentesis) bese uluhlola ukuze uthole amangqamuzana omdlavuza (cytology)
• I-Biopsy - Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu bese uyihlola ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ngokuvamile kunzima ukwelapha i-mesothelioma ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okukodwa nje. Izindlela zokwelapha zingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-mesothelioma onayo. Izindlela zokwelapha ezingaba khona zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa: Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa okufana nokususwa kwamaphaphu, i-pleura, kanye nomdlavuza, ukususwa kwe-pleurectomy ngokususwa kwezicubu ( ukususwa kwe-pleura kanye nomdlavuza), ukususwa kwe-cytoreduction (ukuhlinzwa kokunciphisa usayizi wamaseli omdlavuza), noma ukususwa kwe-pericardiectomy (ukususwa kwesikhwama esizungeze inhliziyo).
• Ukwelashwa Ngezifo Ezingalawuleki: Lokhu kwelashwa kuqeqesha amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi aqaphele futhi abhubhise amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Odokotela bavame ukunikeza imithi yamakhemikhali ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Le mithi ihamba egazini futhi ibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, njenge- hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) , nazo zinikezwa ngqo esimila.
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiwe:Uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza enezinguquko ezithile zofuzo, kungase kube khona izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe ezingawelapha.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa ama-X-ray anamandla amakhulu ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Izivivinyo zemitholampilo: Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome izivivinyo zemitholampilo zemithi abacwaningi abasayihlola ukuthi isebenza kahle yini.
• Ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu: Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukunakekelwa kokunciphisa ubuhlungu ukuze kukusize ulawule izimpawu zomdlavuza kanye nemiphumela emibi yokwelashwa. Lokhu kungafaka izinto ezifana nokulawula ubuhlungu kanye nezindlela zokususa uketshezi olunqwabelanayo eduze kwezitho zomzimba.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ukhethe indlela yokwelapha ekufanele kakhulu.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, noma ushintsho emikhubeni yakho yokuzilungisa, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kusabeka ukuhlola izimpawu zakho, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungcono njalo kunokufika sekwephuzile. Ungakhathazeki, ukukhuluma nodokotela kungakunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa ngokuphelele? Noma kuyelapheka?

Umdlavuza awuvamile ukuvinjelwa ngokuphelele, kodwa ingozi yokuthola i-mesothelioma ingancishiswa ngokuhlala kude ne-asbestos. Uma kufanele usebenze nge-asbestos noma endaweni equkethe yona, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uyiphathe futhi uyilahle ngendlela efanele.

Uma uke waba nomsebenzi owakuchaya ku-asbestos esikhathini esidlule, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi zikhona yini izincomo zokuqapha impilo yakho noma zanoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa.

Izinga lokusinda kwe-mesothelioma liyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo onalo. Isibonelo, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu lohlobo oluvame kakhulu, i-pleural mesothelioma, liphakathi kuka-7% no-24%. Ngokuvamile, i-peritoneal mesothelioma inezinga lokusinda eliphakeme kunezinye izinhlobo.

Kodwa khumbula, lezi zibalo zisekelwe kubantu abaxilongwa okungenani eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Kungenzeka ukuthi azikhombisi ngokuphelele lokho ongakulindela ngemithi emisha noma ezinye izici esimweni sakho esithile. Kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho ngesimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe i-Mesothelioma iyingozi kuwo wonke umuntu?

Cha, i-mesothelioma ayibulali wonke umuntu. Kodwa ingumdlavuza oyingozi, osakazeka ngokushesha. Futhi, ayitholakali kakhulu ezigabeni zayo zokuqala, lapho ingelapheka khona kakhulu.

Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu futhi ungaqiniseki lapho uthola ukuxilongwa kwe-mesothelioma. Kuvamile ukufuna ukwazi ukuthi yini ezayo nokuthi iyiphi indlela ozoyithatha. Ukuthola amaqembu okusekelana nezinye izinsiza ezingakusiza uqonde izinketho zakho kungakusiza. Khuluma ngokwethembeka nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho esithile, ukukhathazeka kwakho, nokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usuthole ukuqonda okuthile nge-mesothelioma kulokho esikuxoxile.

• Khumbula, lo mdlavuza ongavamile. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu (ikakhulukazi uma uke wavezwa yi-asbestos).
• I-Asbestos iyisici esiyinhloko sengozi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha uma usebenza ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona i-asbestos.
• Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungaholela emiphumeleni engcono.
• Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okukulungele.
• Awuwedwa. Ukusekelwa okuvela emndenini, kubangani, nakodokotela kubaluleke kakhulu kulesi sikhathi esinzima. Uma kudingeka, joyina amaqembu okusekela.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo. Hlala uphilile!

I- Mesothelioma, i-Mesothelioma, umdlavuza, i-asbestos, amaphaphu, isisu, izimpawu, ukwelashwa