Ikhambi lokulutha izidakamizwa: Ake sifunde ngamaphilisi e-Methadone Dispersible

Ukulutheka kwezidakamizwa kuyinkinga enkulu abantu abaningi ababhekene nayo. Izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso ezihambisana nokuzama ukuyeka kungaba nzima kakhulu ukubhekana nazo, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi kuzwakala sengathi awukwazi ukudlula lolu hambo wedwa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza.

Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?

I-Methadone umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid (i-Opioid Use Disorder). Kalula nje, isebenza ngokunciphisa izimpawu zomzimba ezingathandeki (izimpawu zokuhoxa) kanye nezifiso ezenzeka uma uyeka ukusebenzisa umuthi. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma isetshenziswa kanye nokwelulekwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha . Futhi uhlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi i-opioid. Ngezinye izikhathi lo muthi ungasetshenziswa nangezinye izinjongo. Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ngalokhu.

Igama elivame ukusetshenziswa emakethe yi-Methadose.

Yini okufanele ngiyitshele udokotela ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi?

Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngazo:

• Isimila sobuchopho
• Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa noma umlutha
• Ukulimala ekhanda
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Uma uphuza njalo
• Isifo sezinso
• Isifo sesibindi
• Umsebenzi ophansi we-adrenal gland
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• Izinkinga zamaphaphu, i-asthma, noma ukuphefumula
• Isifo sempilo yengqondo
• Ukuquleka
• Izinkinga zesisu noma zamathumbu
• Uma uke wathatha umuthi eqenjini le-MAOI (isib. iMarplan, iNardil, iParnate) ezinsukwini eziyi-14 ezedlule
• Isifo se-thyroid
• Uma uke waba nokusabela okungavamile noma okubangelwa yi-methadone, eminye imithi yokwelapha ubuhlungu be-opioid, eminye imithi, ukudla, udayi noma izithasiselo
• Uma ukhulelwe noma ucabanga ukuthi ukhulelwe
• Uma uncelisa

Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?

Lo muthi kufanele uphuzwe ngomlomo. Landela iziqondiso ezikulebula likadokotela elinikezwe udokotela wakho. Hlola inani eliqondile lamaphilisi adingekayo kumthamo wakho.

La maphilisi kufanele ancibilikiswe engilazini yamanzi, ujusi wewolintshi, i-citrus Tang, noma ukunambitheka kwe-citrus kwe-Kool-Aid.Hlanganisa kahle cishe umzuzu. Ungase ubone ukuthi ithebhulethi ethile isele engilazini. Ithebhulethi ngeke incibilike ngokuphelele. Kodwa kufanele uphuze lonke uketshezi olusengilazini. Ungalihlafuni noma uligwinye lonke. Ithebhulethi kufanele incibilike futhi iphuzwe.

Ungawuthatha lo muthi nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Uma unesisu esibuhlungu, sithathe nokudla. Thatha umuthi wakho ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungaphuzi ngaphezu komuthi owunikeziwe. Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.

Uzothola umhlahlandlela wemithi okhethekile (i-MedGuide) kanye nayo yonke imithi kadokotela oyithola ekhemisi nalapho uthola ukugcwalisa kabusha. Khumbula njalo ukuwufunda ngokucophelela.

Khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana nokunikeza izingane lo muthi, njengoba ungadinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Ukweqisa umthamo

Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, shayela isikhungo sokulawula ubuthi noma igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Okubalulekile: Lo muthi ungowakho kuphela. Ungabelani ngalo muthi nanoma ubani omunye.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?

Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, thatha ngaleso sikhathi. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili noma imithamo eyengeziwe.

Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezingasebenzisana nalo muthi?

Ungayithathi iMethadone nanoma yimiphi imithi elandelayo:

• Eminye imithi yokwelapha izifo zesikhunta, isibonelo i-itraconazole, i-ketoconazole, i-posaconazole, i-voriconazole
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isibonelo i-bepridil, i-bretylium, i-dronedarone, i-quinidine
• I-Cisapride
• I-Halofantrine
• I-Mesoridazine
• I-Pimozide
• I-Rasagiline
• I-Selegiline
• I-Thioridazine

Lo muthi ungase uhlangane nemithi elandelayo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yimuphi wale mithi:

• Utshwala
• Ama-antihistamine ekwelapheni ukungezwani komzimba, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane
• Imithi yokulwa negciwane lengculazi noma ingculazi
• I-Arsenic trioxide
• I-Atropine
• Amanye ama-antibiotic, isibonelo, i-clarithromycin, i-erythromycin, i-rifampin
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha ukukhathazeka noma ukulala
• Eminye imithi yezinkinga zesinyi, njenge-oxybutynin ne-tolterodine
• Eminye imithi yomdlavuza, isibonelo i-dasatinib, i-lapatinib
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha ukucindezeleka, njenge-amitriptyline, i-fluoxetine, ne-sertraline
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, njenge-amiodarone ne-sotalol
• Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa umalaleveva, isibonelo i-chloroquine, i-mefloquine
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ikhanda elibuhlungu, njenge-sumatriptan
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, njenge-ondansetron
• Eminye imithi esetshenziselwa ukuxhuzula, njenge-carbamazepine, i-phenobarbital, ne-phenytoin
• Eminye imithi yokwelapha ukucasuka kwesisu, njenge-dicyclomine
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha isicanucanu sokuhamba, njenge-scopolamine
• Eminye imithi yesifo sikaParkinson
• I-Fluconazole
• Izibulala-zinhlungu ezijwayelekile (isib. i-halothane, i-propofol)
• I-Haloperidol
• I-Ipratropium
• I-Linezolid
• Izidambisi-zinhlungu zendawo, isibonelo i-lidocaine
• Iqembu lemithi ye-MAOIs (MAOIs), isb. Marplan, Nardil, Parnate
• Iziphumuli zemisipha zokuhlinzwa
• I-Methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• I-Octreotide
• Eminye imithi ebanga ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (elula isikhathi se-QT), njenge-dofetilide, i-ziprasidone
• Ezinye izidakamizwa zobuhlungu noma ukukhwehlela
• I-Peginterferon alfa-2b
• Ama-phenothiazine, isibonelo i-chlorpromazine
• I-Ranolazine
• I-Tacrolimus
• I-Vardenafil

Lolu hlu alufaki zonke izimpendulo ezingase zivele. Nikeza udokotela wakho uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, amakhambi, imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, noma izithasiselo zokudla ozithathayo. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubhema, uphuza utshwala, noma usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni. Ezinye izinto zingathintana nomuthi wakho.

Yiziphi izinto okufanele uziqaphele uma usebenzisa lo muthi?

Bona ithimba lakho lezempilo njalo. Uma uthatha lo muthi ngenxa yobuhlungu, uma ubuhlungu bakho bungapheli, uma ubuhlungu bakho buba bubi kakhulu, noma uma unohlobo olusha lobuhlungu, tshela udokotela wakho. Uma uthatha lo muthi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kwe-opioid (i-Opioid Use Disorder), yiya emaqenjini okwelulekwa noma okusekelayo anconywe udokotela wakho. Ungazami ukulwa nemiphumela yalo muthi ngokuthatha izidakamizwa ezengeziwe. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa nokufa. Futhi, ngemva kokuyeka ukuthatha lo muthi, umzimba wakho ungase uzwele kakhulu ngisho nangokwenani elincane lezidakamizwa.

Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi ngokuzumayo. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukusabela okukhulu. Umzimba wakho uzojwayela umuthi. Ithimba lakho lezempilo lizokutshela ukuthi kufanele uthathe umuthi ongakanani. Uma becabanga ukuthi udinga ukuyeka ukuwuthatha, bazonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo ukuze banciphise imiphumela emibi.

Uma uthatha eminye imithi ekwenza ulale (njengeminye imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, ama-benzodiazepine, noma eminye imithi yokulala), ungase ube nemiphumela emibi eminingi. Nikeza udokotela wakho uhlu lwazo zonke imithi oyithathayo. Bazokutshela ukuthi kufanele uthathe malini. Ungaphuzi ngaphezu kwalokho okuyalelwe. Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma uzizwa ukhathele noma ulele ngendlela engajwayelekile, funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo mayelana ne-naloxone nokuthi ungayithola kanjani. I-Naloxone umuthi ophuthumayo onikezwa ukwelapha ukudlula ngokweqile kwama-opioid. Uma uthatha i-opioid eningi kakhulu noma uma uyithatha nezinye izinto ezifana notshwala, ungase ube nokudlula ngokweqile. Kubalulekile ukwazi izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile. Isibonelo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukukhathala okungavamile noma ukulala, noma ukungakwazi ukuphendula noma ukuvuka. Yazisa umndeni wakho nabathandekayo bakho ukuthi umuthi we-naloxone ukuphi. Kufanele futhi bazi ukuthi bawusebenzisa kanjani. Ngemva kokunikezwa i-naloxone, kufanele uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha. I-Naloxone iwukwelashwa kwesikhashana. Kungadingeka uthathe imithamo eyengeziwe.

Ungase uzizwe ulele noma unesizungu. Ungashayeli, usebenzise imishini, noma wenze noma yini edinga ukugxilisa ingqondo uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena. Ungami noma uhlale phansi ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile. Lokhu kuzonciphisa amathuba okuba nesizungu noma ukuphelelwa amandla. Utshwala bungaphazamisa indlela lo muthi osebenza ngayo. Ngakho gwema ukuphuza utshwala.

Gqoka isongo noma iketanga le-ID yezokwelapha, bese uphatha ikhadi elinemininingwane ngesifo sakho, imithi kanye nemithamo.

Lo muthi ungabangela ukuqunjelwa . Uma ungenawo umgudu wokugaya ukudla ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-3, shayela ithimba lakho lezempilo.

Umlomo wakho ungase wome. Ukuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela, ukumunca amaswidi aqinile angenashukela, nokuphuza amanzi amaningi kungasiza. Uma le nkinga iqhubeka noma inzima, bona udokotela wakho.

Abesifazane kufanele batshele ithimba labo lezempilo uma behlela ukukhulelwa noma becabanga ukuthi bakhulelwe. Kungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu enganeni engakazalwa. Khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo ngezinzuzo nezingozi zokuncelisa ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Lo muthi ungadlulela obisini lwebele. Khuluma nethimba lakho lezempilo uma uhlela ukuqala noma ukuyeka ukuthatha lo muthi ngenkathi uncelisa, noma uma uhlela ukuyeka ukuncelisa.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayithola kulo muthi?

Kufanele utshele ithimba lakho lezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi elandelayo:

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba — ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, amaqhubu, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, noma umphimbo
• Ukucindezeleka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ukucindezeleka kwe-CNS) — ukuphefumula kancane noma kancane, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuquleka, isiyezi, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuhlala uphapheme
• Ukushintsha kwesigqi senhliziyo — ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ukuquleka, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ukusebenza okuphansi kwe-adrenal gland - isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala okungavamile, isiyezi
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi - isiyezi, ukuquleka, umbono ofiphele

Imiphumela emibi evame ukungadingi iseluleko sezokwelapha (kodwa kufanele ibikwe eqenjini lezokwelapha uma iqhubeka noma ikhathaza):

• Ukuqunjelwa
• Isiyezi
• Ukozela
• Umlomo owomile
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Isicanucanu
• Ukuhlanza

Lolu hlu aluhlanganisi yonke imiphumela emibi engaba khona. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha mayelana nemiphumela emibi.

Ngingayigcina kuphi imithi yami?

Gcina kude nezingane. Lo muthi ungasetshenziswa kabi (ungasetshenziswa kabi). Ngakho-ke gcina umuthi wakho endaweni ephephile ukuze uwuvikele ekwebiweni. Ungabelani ngalo muthi nanoma ubani omunye. Ukuthengisa noma ukunikeza abanye lo muthi kuyingozi futhi kuphambene nomthetho.

Gcina ekamelweni lokushisa, phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-20 no-25 (ama-degree Fahrenheit angu-68 no-77). Gcina ibhodlela lemithi livaliwe kahle.

Lo muthi ungaba yingozi noma ubulale uma uthathwa abanye abantu abadala, izingane, noma izilwane ezifuywayo. Buyisela umuthi ongasetshenziswanga endaweni yokulahla imithi esemthethweni. Ukuze uwuthole, shayela i-DEA ku-1-800-882-9539, noma uhlole nomasipala wedolobha/wesifundazwe sakho. Uma ungakwazi ukuwubuyisela umuthi, uwuhlanze endlini yangasese. Ungasebenzisi umuthi osuphelelwe yisikhathi.

Sicela uqaphele: Leli pheshana liyisifinyezo kuphela. Lingase lingabi nalo lonke ulwazi. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalo muthi, khuluma nodokotela wakho, usokhemisi, noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Nakuba i-methadone iwumuthi obalulekile osiza ekuluthweni yizidakamizwa, kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu lapho uyisebenzisa. Khumbula:

• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kahle. Ungawancibilikisi amaphilisi, ungawahlafuni, noma uwagwinye.
• Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlangane neminye imithi.
• Ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngokuzumayo. Nciphisa umthamo njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshelile.
• Qaphela izinto ezifana nokozela kanye nesiyezi. Qaphela uma ushayela.
• Qaphela i-Naloxone. Ingasiza ekusindiseni impilo uma kwenzeka ukudlula ngokweqile.
• Gcina imithi endaweni ephephile kude nezingane.

Akudingeki ukuthi udlule kulolu hambo wedwa. Ngosizo lwethimba lakho lezokwelapha, abeluleki, nomndeni, ungadlula kulokhu. Hlala uqinile!

I- Methadone, umlutha wezidakamizwa, ama-opioid, izimpawu zokuhoxa, izifiso, ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa, imiphumela emibi