Ingabe ingane yakho inenkinga yokuhlala ithule, ifunda, noma igxile emsebenzini? Noma ingabe wena, njengomuntu omdala, ukuthola kunzima ukugxila emsebenzini wakho? Imbangela yezinkinga ezinjalo kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ADHD. Ngakho-ke, omunye wemithi eyinhloko enikezwa lokhu yi-methylphenidate. Namuhla sikhuluma ngala maphilisi e-methylphenidate ahlafunwayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizophendula yonke imibuzo onayo ngalo muthi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-methylphenidate?
I-Methylphenidate umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, noma i-ADHD . Kalula nje, isebenza ngokushintsha indlela amakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni asebenza ngayo ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale ugxile futhi ulawule ukuziphatha okungenangqondo . Iyingxenye yeqembu lezidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi izikhuthazi.
Kodwa khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangase bakunike lo muthi nakwezinye izimo. Ngakho-ke uma unemibuzo, buza udokotela wakho ngawo.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi
Ngaphambi kokunikeza wena noma ingane yakho lo muthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma wena noma omunye umuntu emndenini wakho enanoma yiziphi zalezi zimo ezilandelayo:
| Isigaba sesimo/isifo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo | Ukukhathazeka, ukuhlaselwa uvalo, ezinye izifo zengqondo, imicabango noma imizamo yokuzibulala (kuwe noma kothile emndenini wakho) |
| Isifo senhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo, ukuqina noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi, isifo sohlangothi |
| Izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi | Izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi eminweni (ezandleni nasezinyaweni) |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | I-glaucoma, isifo sesibindi, ukuquleka, isifo se-thyroid, i-phenylketonuria |
| Imikhuba nomlando | Umlando wokulutheka kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala, ukucindezeleka kwemisipha, noma i-Tourette's syndrome (kwakho noma emndenini wakho) |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Ukungezwani komzimba ne-methylphenidate noma eminye imithi, ukudla, noma udayi |
| Imicimbi ekhethekile | Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma ungumama oncelisayo |
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Njengoba leli liphilisi elihlafunwayo, kufanele ulihlafune kahle bese uligwinya . Ungaligwinyi ngaphambi kokulihlafuna lonke. Bese uphuza ingilazi yamanzi.
- Ngaphambi kokudla: Ngokuvamile kungcono ukuthatha lo muthi imizuzu engama-30-45 ngaphambi kokudla, ngaphandle uma udokotela wakho ekuqondisile ngenye indlela.
- Ngesikhathi: Zijwayeze ukuphuza imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.
- Ebusuku: Ngokuvamile, umthamo wokugcina wosuku kufanele uthathwe okungenani amahora angu-4-6 ngaphambi kokulala, njengoba lokhu kungaphazamisa ubuthongo.
- Isilinganiso: Ungathathi kaningi noma kaningi kunalokho okunqunywe udokotela wakho.
Okubalulekile: Lo muthi ungowakho wedwa. Unganiki omunye umuntu umuthi wakho nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Uyingozi futhi awuvumelekile ngokomthetho.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?
Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili.
Kuthiwani uma ngiphuza umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umuthi omningi kunalokho ocabanga ngakho, hamba ngokushesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze noma ushayele i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital .
Eminye imithi engase ihlangane nalo muthi (Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa)
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini nemithi yendabuko), njengoba eminye imithi ingathintana nalena.
| Ungayithathi i-Methylphenidate kanye nalezi. | |
|---|---|
| Ama-MAOI (uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka) | Isibonelo: i-Carbex, i-Eldepryl, i-Marplan, i-Nardil, i-Parnate |
| I-Lithium | Umuthi wokugula ngengqondo |
| I-Procarbazine | Umuthi womdlavuza |
| Ezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo | Eminye imithi yokwandisa ukuqwashisa, ukunciphisa isisindo, noma ukunciphisa ubuthongo |
| Uma uphuza i-methylphenidate nalezi zidakamizwa, tshela udokotela wakho. | |
| Eminye imithi yokwelapha umfutho wegazi kanye nesifo senhliziyo | I-Warfarin (i-blood thinner), i-Atomoxetine, i-Caffeine |
| Umuthi wokwelapha ukuxhuzula | Isibonelo: i-Carbamazepine, i-Phenobarbital, i-Phenytoin |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka/ukukhathazeka | Eminye imithi esetshenziswa umkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba |
Yiziphi izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthatha umuthi?
- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuze ahlole isimo sakho. Ikakhulukazi uma ungumntwana, udokotela uzohlola njalo ukuphakama kwakho kanye nokukhula kwesisindo sakho.
- Imiphumela ekunakeni: Lo muthi ungathinta ikhono lakho lokugxilisa ingqondo noma lokuqaphela. Ngakho-ke, gwema ukushayela, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukusebenzisa imishini uze wazi kahle ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla: Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla lapho uqala ukuthatha umuthi. Esinye isixazululo salokhu ukudla ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku kunokudla ukudla okukhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Isixwayiso esikhethekile kwabesilisa: Uma ukuvuka kocansi kuthatha amahora angaphezu kwangu-4 noma kuba buhlungu, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Lokhu kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu. Uma kungelashwa, kungase kube nomonakalo ohlala njalo.
- Izinguquko zeminwe: Uma uzwa noma yiziphi izilonda ezingachazeki, ukungazweli, ubuhlungu, izinguquko zombala wesikhumba (okhanyayo, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu), noma ukuzwela izinga lokushisa eminweni noma ezinzwaneni zakho ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele ngenxa yemithi
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Umfutho wegazi okhuphukile | Ubuhlungu obukhulu bekhanda, ukushintsha kombono. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo nezokuziphatha | Ukukhathazeka okukhulu, ukucasuka, imibono engekho, imicabango yokuzibulala, ukuwohloka kwesimo sengqondo. |
| Isifo sohlangothi kubantu abadala | Ukungabi namandla/ubuthakathaka bobuso, ingalo, noma umlenze ngokuzumayo, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubunzima bokuhamba. |
| Isenzakalo sikaRaynaud | Ukubanda, ukungazweli, ubuhlungu, kanye nokushintsha kombala eminweni nasezinzwaneni (okukhanyayo -> okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka -> okubomvu). |
| Ngokuvamile akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho, kodwa uma kuqhubeka, tshela udokotela wakho. | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubunzima bokulala |
| Isifiso sokudla | Ukwehlisa isisindo |
| Ukukhathazeka/ukukhathazeka | Isicanucanu |
Uyivikela kanjani imithi yakho?
- Gcina lo muthi kude nezingane nezilwane ezifuywayo. Lo muthi ungabulala uma uthathwa ngephutha.
- Indawo ephephile: Lo muthi uvame ukusetshenziswa kabi, ngakho-ke gcina endaweni engavikeleka ekwebiweni.
- Isitoreji:Gcina ibhodlela livalwe kahle ezingeni lokushisa legumbi (phakathi kuka-15-30 Celsius), kude nokukhanya nomswakama.
- Ukulahlwa: Ungalahli amaphilisi asele noma aphelelwe yisikhathi ngaphandle noma endlini yangasese. Waxube nento efana nekhofi esetshenzisiwe noma udoti wekati, uwafake esikhwameni noma esitsheni esivalwe kahle, bese uwaphonsa emgqonyeni kadoti.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Methylphenidate umuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-ADHD. Uthuthukisa ukunaka futhi ulawula ukuziphatha okungenangqondo.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi, tshela udokotela wakho umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele, ikakhulukazi ngesifo senhliziyo nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo.
- Hlafuna umuthi kahle, uwuthathe ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi njengoba udokotela ekuyalile. Ungawuthathi ebusuku.
- Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu (ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, izinguquko zengqondo, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba), funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Lo muthi ungowakho kuphela. Gcina uphephile futhi ungatholakali ezinganeni nakubanye.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalomuthi, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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