Ukuqonda i-Mucositis: Izilonda Zomlomo Nezesisu Ngesikhathi Sokwelashwa Komdlavuza | Nirogi Lanka

Uma welashwa ngomdlavuza, ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube nezilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni noma emphinjeni ezizwakala zingabekezeleleki. Kunezikhathi lapho ubuhlungu buba nzima kakhulu kangangokuthi kwenza ukudla, ukuphuza, noma ngisho nokukhuluma kube inselele enzima. Lesi simo yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Mucositis . Sicela ungesabi; lokhu kuyimiphumela emibi evamile ezigulini eziningi, futhi eNirogi Lanka , sifuna wazi ukuthi kunezindlela ezisebenzayo zokukulawula. Ake sibheke lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Kuyini i-Mucositis? Kalula nje…

I-Mucositis ukuvuvukala kanye nezilonda ze -mucous membrane ethambile ehlanganisa yonke indlela yakho yokugaya ukudla (GI) — kusukela emlonyeni wakho kuze kube sekuthunjini. Cabanga ngezicubu ezithambile, ezimanzi, ezipinki ngaphakathi komlomo wakho; ulwelwesi olufanayo oluvikelayo lumboza uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, olusebenza njengesivikelo ngokumelene namagciwane kanye nezinhlayiya zokudla ezinzima.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha umdlavuza—ikakhulukazi i-chemotherapy , ukwelashwa ngemisebe , noma ukufakelwa kwe-stem cell/bone marrow —kungalimaza lolu hlobo lwesikhumba olubucayi. Lesi simo saziwa ngokuthi i-mucositis. Sivame ukubonwa njenge- oral mucositis (ethinta umlomo).

I-Mucositis ithinta kanjani umzimba wakho?

Amangqamuzana omdlavuza akhula futhi ahlukane ngokushesha, yingakho ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuklanyelwe ukuqondisa lawa maseli ahlukana ngokushesha. Ngeshwa, amangqamuzana amboze ulwelwesi lwamafinyila akho nawo ahlukana ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kwelashwa akukwazi ukuhlukanisa kalula phakathi kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza namangqamuzana akho aphilile, ulwelwesi lwakho oluvikelayo lungonakala.

Ngokuvamile, lolu lwelwesi luphola ngokushesha, okukugcina uvikelekile. Nokho, nge-mucositis, ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulungisa la maseli liyaphazamiseka. Lokhu kwenza izenzo ezilula zansuku zonke njengokudla noma ukukhuluma kube buhlungu futhi kukwenze usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka .

Ezimweni ze-oral mucositis, umlomo wakho ungase ubonakale ubomvu, ucwebezela, uvuvukile, noma unezilonda . Ungase futhi uqaphele amabala amhlophe obovu . Ngenkathi amazinga obuhlungu ehluka, odokotela bawahlukanisa kusukela kobuncane (amamaki 1-2) kuya kobunzima (amamaki 3-4). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu kangangokuthi ungase uhlupheke ukudla noma ukuphuza, ngezinye izikhathi kudingeke ukunciphisa okwesikhashana uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha umdlavuza.

I-Mucositis ingathinta nomgudu wakho we-GI ngale komlomo, okuholela ezimpawini ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza . Uma ukuvuvukala kufinyelela emathunjini akho angezansi, kungabangela isifo sohudo noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okubuhlungu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Mucositis?

I-Mucositis ivame kakhulu; ithinta cisheAma-50% eziguli ezithola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nama- 80% kuya ku-100% alabo abathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe noma ukufakelwa amaseli e-stem.

Ingozi yakho yokuthola i-mucositis enzima inganda uma:

• Sebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi noma uhlafune i-betel nut .
• Phuza utshwala ngokweqile .
• Ziphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni .
• Ukuntuleka kwamaprotheni .
• Une -Body Mass Index (BMI) ephansi .
• Ufake amazinyo noma ugqoke amazinyo okufakelwa .
• Uhlushwa yisifo sezinsini .
• Unesifo sezinso .
• Phatha i -Diabetes Mellitus .
• Unegciwane lesandulela ngculazi .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Mucositis?

Ukuvuvukala kuvame ukuveza njengobomvu , ubuhlungu, ukushisa, kanye nokuvuvukala . Kuye ngendawo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezithile.

Izimpawu ze-Oral Mucositis:

• Izicubu zomlomo nezinsini ezibomvu, ezicwebezelayo, noma ezivuvukele .
• Umlomo owomile .
• Amathe ajiyile .
• Izilonda zomlomo .
• Amabala amhlophe athambile obovu .
• Ubunzima bokugwinya, ukukhuluma, ukudla, noma ukuphuza .
• Ukopha .
• Ulwelwesi olumhlophe olungaphakathi emlonyeni.

Izimpawu ze-Mucositis yesisu:

• Ukubomvu kwe-mucosa (i-erythematous mucosa) .
• Ubuhlungu besisu .
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza .
• Uhudo .
• Igazi noma i-mucus esitulweni sakho .
• Ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okubuhlungu .

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-Mucositis? (Nirogi Lanka)

Uma odokotela bekhuluma nge -mucositis , bavame ukubhekisela ekuvuvukeni kolwelwesi lomgudu wakho wokugaya ukudla—kusukela emlonyeni wakho kuya esiswini sakho—okubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Njengoba sesixoxile, lokhu kwelashwa kuhlose amaseli ahlukana ngokushesha, okulimaza ulwelwesi lwakho lwamafinyila ngengozi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthola imisebe ephezulu noma i-chemotherapy, noma ngisho nemisebe yendawo ephansi, lokhu kwelashwa kungathinta izicubu ezibucayi emlonyeni wakho kanye nohlelo lokugaya ukudla.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvuvukala kwalezi zindwangu kungabangelwa nezinye izifo, yize lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngamagama athile. Isibonelo, ukuvuvukala okukhawulelwe emlonyeni kubizwa ngokuthi i-stomatitis , futhi uma kukhona ukutheleleka, kwaziwa ngokuthi i-gingivostomatitis .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela ngenxa ye-mucositis?

Kubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphile mayelana nezinkinga ezilandelayo:

• Ukungondleki kahle: Ubuhlungu emlonyeni wakho, emphinjeni, emqaleni, noma esiswini bungenza ukudla nokuphuza kube nzima kakhulu. Njengoba iziguli eziningi ezinomdlavuza sezivele zinenkinga yokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma ukwehla kwesisindo, lokhu kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ukudla okunempilo kubalulekile. Kwezinye izimo, cishe ama-70% eziguli angadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze ancelise ngepayipi.
• Uhudo Olungapheli: Uma unesifo sohudo esiqhubekayo noma ubona igazi esithweni sakho, kungadingeka ukuthi ungeniswe esibhedlela ukuze uqashwe ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu kanye ne-anemia.
• Ukutheleleka: Uma ulwelwesi lwakho lwamafinyila luphazamiseka, ulahlekelwa esinye sezithiyo ezibaluleke kakhulu zomzimba wakho zokuzivikela. Ngenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa komdlavuza kunganciphisa inani lamaseli akho amhlophe egazi (i-neutropenia), amasosha akho omzimba asebuthakathaka kakade. Izilonda ze-mucositis zinikeza indawo yokungena kwamagciwane egazini lakho, okwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka okukhulu njenge-septicemia.
• Ukunciphisa noma Ukuphazamiseka Kokwelashwa Komdlavuza: I-mucositis enzima ingaphoqa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi lihlehlise noma linciphise umthamo wokwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza. Lokhu kungathinta imiphumela yakho yesikhathi eside, futhi kubikwa ukuthi iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-30% zingadinga ukuyeka ukwelashwa kwazo ngenxa yalesi simo.

I-mucositis itholakala kanjani?

I-Mucositis ingumphumela ongemuhle owaziwayo wokwelashwa komdlavuza. Udokotela wakho angayixilonga kaningi ngokubukeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlola izimpawu zakho, nokuhlola izindawo ezithintekile. Uma une-mucositis yesisu, angenza isivivinyo sezithombe ukuze abone ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole ukutheleleka kwamagciwane noma isikhunta okuyisisekelo.

Iphathwa kanjani i-mucositis?

Ngokuvamile, i-mucositis iyaziphelela uma ukwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza kuphela. Uma usebenzisa i-chemotherapy, izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili bese ziphela phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwayisithupha. Ngemisebe, izimpawu zivame ukuqala emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu bese ziphela emavikini amabili kuya kwamane ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Ijubane lokululama lincike ebunzimeni kanye nokuthi uphatha kahle kangakanani lesi simo. Kuze kube yilapho ululama, ungadinga ukwesekwa okulandelayo:

Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu

Ubuhlungu buvame ukuba yisici esinzima kakhulu se-mucositis. Ngenxa yokuthi imithi esetshenziswa endaweni yokwelapha ingase ingapheli isikhathi eside noma imboze zonke izindawo ezithintekile, ungadinga indlela ehlanganisiwe. Lokhu kungafaka ama-gel aduduzayo, izihlanzi zomlomo ezibhalwe ngudokotela, iziqeda-buhlungu ezitholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, noma, uma kudingeka, ama-opioid kadokotela . Ungahlupheki buthule. Ikhono lakho lokudla nokuphuza libalulekile ukuze ululame. Xoxani ngohlelo lokuphatha ubuhlungu olusebenzayo nethimba lakho lezempilo laseNirogi Lanka.

Izinketho ezivamile zokuphatha ubuhlungu be-mucositis zifaka:

• Ama-Anesthetics Asetshenziswa Esikhumbeni: Njenge-lidocaine, i-benzocaine, i-dyclonine hydrochloride (HCl), kanye ne-Ulcerease® (0.6% phenol).
• “Ukuhlanza Umlomo Okumangalisayo”:Ingxube ehlanganisiwe ngokuvamile equkethe i-lidocaine, i-diphenhydramine, kanye ne-Maalox®.
• Imithi Elwa Nokuvuvukala: Isibonelo, i-prednisone.
• “I-GI Cocktail”: Ingxube evame ukuqukethe i-Maalox®, i-Nystatin®, kanye ne-Hurricane Liquid®.
• I-Acetaminophen: Njenge-Tylenol®.
• Imithi Yobuhlungu Yezidakamizwa Ebhalwe Ngodokotela: Uma kudingeka lokhu, udokotela wakho cishe uzokunikeza imithi yokuthambisa indle ukuvimbela ukuqunjelwa.

Ukunakekelwa Komlomo

Uma ubhekene ne-oral mucositis, inqubo yakho yokunakekela umlomo ibalulekile ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu nokuvimbela ukulimala kwezicubu noma ukutheleleka okwengeziwe. Izenzo ezilula njengokudla, ukukhuluma, noma ukugwinya zingacasula ulwelwesi oluthambile. Khetha ukudla okuthambile, okungaxutshwe kalula okulula ukugwinya futhi ugcine umlomo wakho unamanzi. Ngenxa yokuthi ulwelwesi lwakho olubuthakathaka lusengozini enkulu yokutheleleka ngamagciwane, ukugcina inhlanzeko yomlomo ngokucophelela kuyinto eza kuqala.

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kwe-oral mucositis kuhlanganisa:

• Hlanza njalo – kodwa ngobumnene: Kufanele uhlose ukuhlanza kathathu noma kane ngosuku. Sebenzisa ibhulashi lamazinyo elinoboya obuthambile kanye ne -toothpaste ethambile nethambile ene-fluoride . Gwema ukusebenzisa izinto zokwenza mhlophe noma i-toothpaste eqinile. Uma i-toothpaste yakho ibangela umuzwa wokushisa, zama i-paste elula eyenziwe ngosawoti kanye ne-baking soda. Hlanza ngobumnene , futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amazinyo akho okufakelwa ahlanzwa nsuku zonke.
• Ukuhlanza umlomo: Hlanza umlomo wakho izikhathi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ngosuku ngesisombululo samanzi anosawoti noma ingxube kasawoti kanye ne-baking soda. Lena enye yezindlela eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuhlanza izilonda zomlomo nokugcina amagciwane ekude. Ungasebenzisa futhi izihlanzi zomlomo ezingenayo i-alcohol antiseptic .
• Ukudla: Namathela ekudleni okuthambile nokuthambile . Gwema ukudla okune-asidi, okubabayo, nokuklwebhayo okungacasula umlomo wakho. Gwema ushukela notshwala, njengoba lokhu kungalimaza ulwelwesi lomlomo wakho futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Ama-protein shake ayindlela enhle kakhulu yokugcina umsoco wakho kanye nomswakama emzimbeni.
• Ukumunca amanzi: Ukuze ulwe nomlomo owomile futhi ugcine uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla lumanzi, kuzodingeka wandise uketshezi olusetshenziswayo. Cabanga ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yamathe yokwenziwa esekelwe kuma-enzyme, njenge-Oral Balance®. Kwabaningi, ukumunca ama-ice chips kunikeza umswakama oduduzayo kanye nomphumela wokuqeda ukungakhululeki. Sebenzisa ama-lip balm njalo ukuze uvikele izindebe zakho.

Ukwelapha izinkinga

Uma uhlangabezana nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, ukungondleki kahle, noma izifo, ungadinga ukungenelela kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, okufana nalokhu:

• Ukudla okunempilo (amapayipi okondla)
• Uketshezi lwe-IV
• Ama-antibiotic

Yini okufanele uyidle futhi uyiphuze ngenkathi ululama ku-Mucositis?

Kunconywe:

• Ukudla okunamaphrotheni amaningi
• Ama-shake okudla okunempilo
• Ukudla okuthambile
• Ama-popsicle angenashukela

Gwema:

• Ukudla okunongwe
• Ukudla okune-asidi
• Ukudla okunamafutha noma okuthosiwe
• Ukudla okunoshukela omningi

Iziphuzo ezinconyiwe:

• Itiye le-Chamomile
• Amanzi amaningi

Gwema iziphuzo:

• Iziphuzo ezine-carbon
• Utshwala

Ingabe i-Mucositis ingavinjelwa?

Nakuba singenakukwazi ukuvimbela ngokugcwele i-mucositis ebangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza, abacwaningi bafunda ngenkuthalo izindlela ezintsha zokuyiphatha. Izindlela eziningana zokungenelela zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubukhali nobude besimo:

• Ukwelashwa nge-Cryotherapy: Ukumunca ama-ice chips ngesikhathi nangemva nje kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kungasiza ekuvikeleni i-oral mucositis.
• I-Palifermin: Lena inguqulo yokwenziwa ye- keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) , iphrotheni ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo ngumzimba wakho. Isiza ekuvikeleni nasekulungiseni ulwelwesi lomlomo wakho kanye nomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Kuye kwabonakala kunciphisa ubukhali kanye nobude be-mucositis ezigulini ezifakelwa umnkantsha wamathambo noma amaseli e-stem ngenxa yomdlavuza wegazi .
• Izinto zokugcoba: Amajeli afana neGelclair® neZilactin® angasiza ekumbozeni i-mucosa yomlomo, anikeze isithiyo esivikelayo ekwelashweni ngemisebe.
• I-Amifostine: Uma uthola ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda nasentanyeni, udokotela wakho angase akuphakamisele lo muthi ukuze unciphise ubukhali be-oral mucositis, yize isicanucanu singaba umphumela omubi.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma nginalesi simo?

I-Mucositis ivame ukuxazululeka yodwa ngemva kokuphela kokwelashwa komdlavuza, ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu ukuze uhlale ukhululekile. Ukugcina inhlanzeko yomlomo ngokucophelela nokuhlala ungenazo izifo kuzosheshisa ukululama kwakho. Uma ubonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka noma unenkinga yokudla nokuphuza, sicela uxhumane nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngixhumane nini nodokotela wami?

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona:

• Izimpawu zokuqala ze-Mucositis.
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengomkhuhlane.
• Ubunzima bokudla noma ukuphuza.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungahlosiwe.
• Uhudo oluqhubekayo.
• Ukopha njalo emlonyeni noma esitulweni sakho.

I-Mucositis iwumphumela ovamile futhi oyinselele wokwelashwa komdlavuza. Ubunzima bayo buxhomeke empilweni yakho iyonke, uhlobo lokwelashwa olutholayo, nokuthi uyigcina ngenkuthalo kangakanani inqubo yakho yokunakekelwa. Kwa-Nirogi Lanka, silapha ukukusekela kuzo zonke izinyathelo zokululama kwakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Nakuba i-mucositis iyisimo sesikhashana, akudingeki ukuthi uhlupheke ngayo wedwa; ukwesekwa kuyatholakala. Amaviki ambalwa alandela ukwelashwa kwakho komdlavuza abalulekile ekululameni kwakho. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase ube sengozini yokungondleki kahle noma ukutheleleka. Ukuzijwayeza ukuzinakekela njalo nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha sochwepheshe kokubili kubaluleke ngokulinganayo lapho uphatha i-mucositis. Sicela uzizwe unamandla okukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukwesekwa okudingayo. Awuwedwa—iNirogi Lanka ilapha ukuzokusekela.

Amagama angukhiye: I-Mucositis, ukwelashwa komdlavuza, izilonda zomlomo, ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu, imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy, imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe, ukunakekelwa komlomo