Ingabe ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile ngomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu? Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthumelele ukuhlolwa okumbalwa. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile uma uzwa ngezigaba zalo mdlavuza, ikakhulukazi iSigaba IV. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu akusho ukuthi awunakwelashwa. Kusho ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukusiza ukhethe ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangokucacile.
Kalula nje, iSigaba IV sisho ukuthi umdlavuza owaqala emathunjini akho manje ususakazeke ngale kwalelo phuzu, kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Isibonelo, amangqamuzana omdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi asesakazeke esibindini sakho, emaphashini, noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ukwazi kahle ukuthi umdlavuza usakazeke kuphi kungasiza odokotela bakho ukuthi banqume ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu kuwe.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu?
Ngokuvamile, umdlavuza wamathumbu awubonisi zimpawu ezigabeni zawo zokuqala. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuba nokuhlolwa okuvamile. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:
- Igazi elisesihlahleni: Leli gazi livame ukuba nombala obomvu noma omnyama.
- Ukushintshana kokuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo: Lokhu kungabangelwa nezinye izimo ezincane zezokwelapha. Kodwa uma lesi simo siqhubeka, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Indle encane futhi efana nepensela: Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona okuvimba ikholoni lakho. Kungaba isimila noma okunye.
- Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nobuthakathaka: Uma uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, kungaba ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi ngenxa yokopha ngenxa yomdlavuza.
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukugcwala: Uma isimila sivimba amathumbu, kungaba nzima ukuphuma indle ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungabangela umuzwa wokugcwala esiswini.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki: Uma ulahlekelwa ngokuzumayo ngamakhilogremu angu-4-5 noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokushintsha indlela odla ngayo noma indlela yakho yokuzivocavoca, kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza, ikakhulukazi uma uhambisana nezinye izimpawu.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza: Lesi simo singaba khona uma isimila sibangela ukuvaleka kwamathumbu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi ukuthi unomdlavuza ngoba nje unalezi zimpawu. Kodwa ungazinaki futhi. Kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu bese uyahlolwa.
Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kanjani kuye ngokuthi umdlavuza usakazeke kuphi?
Uma umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu usakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, kungase kube nezimpawu ezengeziwe kuye ngokuthi isitho sini esihilelekile. Ngokuvamile, lo mdlavuza usakazekela esibindini, emaphashini, kanye nolwelwesi lwesisu (i-peritoneum). Ngezinye izikhathi, ungasakazekela nasemathanjeni.
| Isitho Esithintekile | Izimpawu Ezingenzeka |
|---|---|
| Isibindi Umdlavuza ungasakazeka ngomthambo wegazi usuka emathunjini uye esibindini. | Kungase kungabi nazimpawu ekuqaleni. Kamuva, izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukuzizwa usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla okuncane, ukukhathala, umkhuhlane, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukwehla kwesisindo, kanye nokuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amhlophe amehlo (i-jaundice). |
| Amaphaphu Amaseli omdlavuza angahamba aye emaphashini ngegazi. | Kungase kube nobunzima bokuphefumula. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, i-phlegm enegazi, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo. |
| I-Peritoneum (ulwelwesi lwesisu) Amaseli aphuma esimila esiyinhloko angasakazekela kulolu lwelwesi olungaphakathi esiswini. | Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubuhlungu besisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, kanye nokwehla noma ukukhuluphala kwesisindo (ngenxa yokugcinwa kwamanzi esiswini). |
| Amathambo Uma umdlavuza usakazekela emathanjeni, aba buthakathaka. | Ubuhlungu bamathambo, ukuphuka kwamathambo kalula, ubuhlungu bomhlane noma bentamo. Amazinga e-calcium akhuphukile egazini angabangela ukuqunjelwa, isicanucanu, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla. Kungase kube nokuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka emilenzeni noma ezingalweni. |
Uhlolwa kanjani lo mdlavuza? (Ukuxilongwa)
Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokukubuza imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana nempilo yakho bese e-oda eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zivivinyo.
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko
- I-Colonoscopy: Lokhu kwenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Ikhamera encane epayipini elincane neliguquguqukayo isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ingaphakathi lamathumbu akho wonke kanye ne-rectum. Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlolwa, kuzodingeka uphuze uketshezi olukhethekile ukuze uhlanze amathumbu akho. Uzonikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ukuze ungazizwa ungakhululekile. Ukuhlolwa kungaqedwa cishe ngemizuzu engama-30.
- I-Biopsy: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopy, udokotela uthatha ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese eyithumela ukuze iyohlolwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kusolwa ukuthi umdlavuza usakazekele kwezinye izindawo, njengesibindi noma amaphaphu, i -CT scan noma i-ultrasound scan ingasetshenziswa ukuthatha isampula yezicubu ngokufaka inalithi esikhumbeni.
Ukuhlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kusiza ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele emaphashini.
- I-CT Scan (CT - I-Computed Tomography): Lokhu kungaveza izithombe ezicacile kakhulu zangaphakathi lomzimba. Kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele esibindini, emaphashini, noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kusebenzisa omaginethi namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe ezicacile zezitho zomzimba ezingaphakathi komzimba. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ukusabalala komdlavuza esiswini nasendaweni ye-pelvic.
- I-Ultrasound: Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala izithombe zezitho zomzimba. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele esibindini noma endaweni ye-pelvic.
Isigaba somdlavuza sinqunywa kanjani?
Udokotela wezifo uzohlola isampula yezicubu ezivela ku-biopsy yakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope bese elungiselela umbiko. Umbiko uzohlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Uhlobo lweseli: Ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza abukeka kanjani.
- Ukubonakala kwamaseli (Ibanga): Ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahluke kangakanani kumaseli avamile nokuthi ahlukana ngokushesha kangakanani.
- Ukusabalala komdlavuza: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ezicutshini ezizungezile, kuma-lymph node, noma kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
Kungathatha usuku noma ezimbili ukuthi umbiko we-biopsy ufike. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lo mbiko kanye nayo yonke eminye imibiko ye-scan ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza.
Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yini ongayiqondi ngokwelashwa kwakho noma isimo sakho esizayo. Kuyilungelo lakho ukwazi konke ngokucacile.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe esigabeni somdlavuza wakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu wesigaba sesi-4 akusho ukuthi sekuphelile. Kusho ukuthi odokotela bakho baqondiswa ukukhetha ukwelashwa okuthuthuke kakhulu kuwe.
- Izimpawu okukhulunywe ngazo esihlokweni zingabangelwa nezinye izizathu. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi ngokungadingekile, futhi uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole.
- Ngisho noma kungekho zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamathumbu ngesikhathi esifanele, kuye ngeminyaka.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngesimo sakho kanye nokwelashwa kwakho. Ungesabi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
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