Ingabe nawe unesifo sokukhwehlela esiqhubeke isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili? Mhlawumbe uzizwa ungakhululekile futhi ukhathele ngesikhathi esifanayo? Sivame ukukhohlwa ngezinto ezinjalo, sicabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane nje ovamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto edinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo sofuba, noma i-TB njengoba sonke sisazi, isifo esisabonakala ezweni lakithi, kodwa esingelapheka ngokuphelele uma selashwa kahle.
Kalula nje, siyini isifo sofuba?
Isifo sofuba yisifo esibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Sibangelwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Mycobacterium tuberculosis' . Lesi sifo sithinta kakhulu amaphaphu ethu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, leli bhaktheriya lingasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, isibonelo, emgogodleni wethu, ebuchosheni nasezinso.
Kodwa nansi into ebalulekile okufanele uyazi. Akuwona wonke umuntu onegciwane le-TB ozogula. Abanye abantu banegciwane emizimbeni yabo kodwa ababonisi zimpawu, bamane nje “balele.” Lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi i-TB ecashile . Kukhona abantu abanayo impilo yabo yonke ngaphandle kwezimpawu.
Kodwa-ke, uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka ngandlela thile, lawo magciwane alele anethuba "lokuvuka." Yilapho kuvela khona isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-TB esebenzayo . Kungalesi sigaba esisebenzayo lapho kuvela khona izimpawu futhi lesi sifo singadluliselwa kwabanye.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo?
Uma une-TB ecashile, ngeke ube nezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma une-TB esebenzayo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezilandelayo noma ngaphezulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi lezi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukukhwehlela okukhulu okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili futhi okungaqedwa yimithi ejwayelekile. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ubuhlungu esifubeni uma uphefumula noma ukhwehlela. |
| Ukopha nge-mucus | Ukukhwehlela i-mucus enegazi elincane noma i-mucus enombala wegazi. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla | Ukwehlisa isisindo nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
| Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka | Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nomuzwa wokuphelelwa yimpilo. |
| Umkhuhlane kanye nokujuluka ebusuku | Ukuba nomkhuhlane nokuvuka ujuluka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. |
Isifo Sofuba Sangaphandle Kwephaphu
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, amagciwane e-TB awagcini emaphashini kuphela. Angahamba aye nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, okubangela izimpawu ezithile kuleyo ngxenye yomzimba.
- Uma kuthinta ubuchopho: I-Meningitis ingabangela ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho.
- Uma umgogodla uthintekile: Kungaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "isifo sikaPott", esibangela ubuhlungu emhlane kanye ne-sciatica.
- Uma ama-lymph node ethintekile: Ama-lymph node avuvukele ezindaweni ezifana nentamo.
Isifo sofuba sidluliselwa kanjani sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye?
Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Isifo sofuba sisakazeka emoyeni. Uma umuntu onesifo sofuba samaphaphu ekhwehlela, ethimula, ekhuluma, ehlabelela, noma ehleka, amabhaktheriya akhishwa emoyeni ngamaconsi amancane. Uma umuntu ophilile eduze ephefumula lo moya, amabhaktheriya angangena emizimbeni yawo.
Ake sithi othile emsebenzini wakho ubelokhu ekhwehlela izinyanga eziningi. Uyakushalazela lokho. Uma nisebenza ndawonye egumbini elifanayo nsuku zonke, kunengozi yokusabalalisa lesi sifo.
Kodwa khumbula, lesi sifo sisakazeka kuphela kumuntu onesifo sofuba esisebenzayo emaphashini. Lesi sifo asisakazeki kumuntu osesimweni sesifo sofuba esilele (esicashile). Ngokufanayo, lesi sifo asivame ukusakazeka kumuntu onesifo sofuba ngaphandle kwamaphaphu (isib. izinso, amathambo).
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sofuba?
Nakuba noma ubani angaba nesifo sofuba, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo:
- Abantu abake bahlala noma bavakashela izwe lapho isifo sofuba sivame khona.
- Abantu abahlala noma abasondelene kakhulu nomuntu onesifo sofuba.
- Abantu abasebenza noma abahlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengamakamu asejele, amakamu ababaleki, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala asebekhulile.
- Labo abasebenza emkhakheni wezempilo.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo ezisebenzayo:
Laba bantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo esisebenzayo uma igciwane lingena emizimbeni yabo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ubuthakathaka besimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- Abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi
- Izingane ezincane kanye nabantu asebekhulile
- Abantu abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela nesifo sezinso
- Abantu abathola ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali ngenxa yomdlavuza
- Abantu abaye bafakelwa izitho zomzimba
- Abantu abafaka izidakamizwa
- Abantu abahlushwa ukungondleki kahle
Udokotela usiqinisekisa kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sofuba, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela . Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, akuhlole, bese eyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-sputum: Lolu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Isampula ye-sputum yakho iyathathwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi akhona yini amabhaktheriya e-TB.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Lokhu kungahlola noma yiziphi izinguquko emaphashini ngenxa yesifo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba (ukuhlolwa kweMantoux): Inani elincane lesisombululo seprotheni lifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba bese indawo ihlolwa ukuthi ayinaso yini ukuvuvukala ngemva kwamahora angu-48-72.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lesi sifo singatholakala futhi ngokusebenzisa ezinye izivivinyo zegazi zesimanje.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha isifo sofuba?
Nazi izindaba ezinhle. Isifo sofuba yisifo esingelapheka ngokuphelele. Siphathwa ngenhlanganisela yama-antibiotic amaningana athile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Udinga ukuthatha lo muthi okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha njalo . Ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha isikhathi eside. Uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono phakathi namasonto ambalwa uqale umuthi. Ukukhwehlela kwakho nomkhuhlane kuzophela. Kodwa ungayeki ukuthatha umuthi ngaleso sikhathi!Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuphuza umuthi isikhathi sonke osinikwe udokotela. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, amagciwane asele emzimbeni angaba namandla, abe nokumelana nemithi, futhi lesi sifo singaphinde sibuye.
Eminye yemithi evame ukunqunywa yile:
- `Isoniazid`
- `I-Rifampin`
- `I-Ethambutol`
- `I-Pyrazinamide`
Le mithi ingatholakala mahhala emitholampilo kahulumeni yesifuba.
Ungazivikela kanjani esifweni sofuba?
- Umuthi wokugomela i-BCG: Ezweni lakithi, umuthi wokugomela i-BCG unikezwa ingane ngokushesha nje lapho izalwa ukuze uyivikele esifweni sofuba. Lokhu kunikeza isivikelo ezimweni ezinzima zesifo sofuba (ikakhulukazi i-'TB Meningitis') ezingaba khona ezinganeni ezincane.
- Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka: Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ngendololwane yakho uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula.
- Umoya omuhle: Gcina umoya ujikeleza kahle emakhaya nasezindaweni zokusebenza.
- Uma ungumuntu ogulayo: Uma unesifo sofuba esisebenzayo, gwema ukuxhumana eduze nabanye amasonto ambalwa okuqala ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Funa iseluleko kudokotela wakho.
- Ukudla okunomsoco: Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekugcineni amasosha omzimba esezingeni elihle.
Uma unalezi zimpawu, noma uma uke wathintana nomuntu onesifo sofuba, ungesabi noma ube namahloni okubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma usheshe uxilonge lesi sifo bese uqala ukwelashwa, kulapho ungalulama khona ngokushesha futhi uvimbele abanye ekuguleni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sofuba (TB) yisifo esibangelwa amagciwane, kodwa singelapheka ngokuphelele .
- Uma ukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili , qiniseka ukuthi uyayinaka futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Uma welapha isifo sofuba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imithi isikhathi sonke esinqunywe udokotela.
- Uma unokungabaza ngalesi sifo, ungaya e-Chest Clinic esibhedlela sikahulumeni esiseduze.
- Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kungakuvikela wena nomndeni wakho.
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