Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile noma othile omaziyo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yomdlavuza? Uma besho lokho, cishe bakutshela 'ngokwelashwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa'. Lokhu kubizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Neoadjuvant Therapy . Lapho bezwa leli gama, abantu abaningi bayasaba kancane, becabanga ukuthi, "Ngizohlinzwa, ngakho-ke ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwalokho?" Kodwa empeleni lokhu kuyinto engakusiza kakhulu futhi ikulethele ithemba. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, sisuse konke ukwesaba nokungabaza onakho ngakho.
Kuyini ukwelashwa kwe-neoadjuvant?
Kalula nje, i-Neoadjuvant Therapy iyindlela yokwelapha evumela isimila ukuthi sinciphe, okungukuthi, sibe sincane, ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze sisuswe. Cabanga ngakho, kukhona okunzima ukususa, njengetshe elikhulu. Kulula ukusichoboza, ukusichoboza, nokusisusa, akunjalo? Lokhu kuyafana. Uma isimila sikhulu, kungaba nzima ngodokotela ohlinzayo ukusisusa ngokuphelele. Kodwa lapho isimila sincipha ngalezi zindlela zokwelapha, ukuhlinzwa kuba lula kakhulu futhi kuphumelele kakhudlwana.
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwelashwa kuphumelela kakhulu kangangokuthi isimila siyanyamalala ngokuphelele futhi ukuhlinzwa akudingeki. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akubize lokhu ngokuthi "ukwelashwa okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa" noma "ukwelashwa kokufakelwa." Konke lokhu kuyafana.
Yiziphi lezi zindlela zokwelapha?
Le ndlela yokwelapha ethi `neoadjuvant` isebenzisa izinto ezahlukene. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza wakho. Ake sibheke izindlela eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo Lokwelapha | Kwenzani? |
|---|---|
| Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali | Lokhu kusebenza ngokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngokuwavimba ukuthi angahlukani, akhule, futhi abangele ukuba isimila sikhule. |
| Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone | Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (isib. ibele, i-prostate) zivuselelwa ama-hormone. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvimbela ukutholakala kwalawo ma-hormone. Lokhu kuvimbela ukukhula kwesimila. |
| Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy | Lokhu kuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu, okuwenza ukwazi ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza. |
| Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe | Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa imisebe, njenge-X-ray enamandla, ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
Ngezinye izikhathi ithimba lakho lingahlanganisa lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezimbili. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kunikezwa ndawonye (i-neoadjuvant chemoradiation). Lokhu kwelashwa kungahlala kusukela emavikini ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, noma ngisho nonyaka. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa kungakapheli inyanga kusukela ekuqedeni ukwelashwa.
Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lusetshenziselwa ziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza?
Odokotela be-oncologists basebenzisa lokhu kwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili zomdlavuza, okuhlanganisa:
- Umdlavuza Webele: Kweminye imihlobo yomdlavuza webele, kunikezwa i-chemotherapy, i-hormone, noma i-immunotherapy ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Umdlavuza Wamathumbu Amancane: Uma umdlavuza usungene esibindini, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kunganikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu: Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuvame ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ezisakazeke kabanzi.
- Umdlavuza Wendlala Yesitho Sangasese: Lo mdlavuza ukhuthazwa yi-testosterone ye-hormone yesilisa. Ulawulwa ngokwelashwa ngama-hormone.
- Umdlavuza Wamathumbu: Kuvamile futhi ukuthi lokhu kunikezwe kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kanye ne-chemotherapy.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zale ndlela yokwelapha?
Kunezinzuzo eziningana kulokhu. Ukwazi lokhu kuzokusiza unqobe ukwesaba kwakho lokhu kwelashwa.
- Izimila ezincane: Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, izimila ezinkulu ziba zincane , okwenza ukuhlinzwa kube lula kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma isimila sincane esimweni somdlavuza webele, esikhundleni sokususwa kwebele lonke, ukuhlinzwa okuncane okubizwa ngokuthi i-lumpectomy kungenziwa, okususa isimila kuphela.
- Ukunyamalala ngokuphelele kwezinye izimila: Ngezinye izikhathi izimila ezincane zingase zincibilike ngokuphelele futhi ukuhlinzwa kungase kungadingeki.
- Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa esincishisiwe:Uma ukuhlinzwa kukuncane, ukusikwa emzimbeni wakho kuba kuncane. Ngakho ungalulama ngokushesha futhi ubuyele empilweni yakho evamile.
- Impumelelo yokwelashwa ingalinganiswa: Lapho belapha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, odokotela bangabona ukuthi umdlavuza usabela kanjani ekwelashweni nokuthi isimila sincipha ngokushesha kangakanani. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi benze izinqumo ezingcono mayelana nokwelashwa kwesikhathi esizayo.
- Ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza afihliwe: Ngezinye izikhathi, amangqamuzana amancane omdlavuza aphuma esimilaneni esiyinhloko, awabonakali ngeso lenyama, futhi awakwazi ukubonwa ngama-scan, futhi angahamba aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (ama-micrometastases). Lawa maseli afihliwe nawo abulawa ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, okuthinta umzimba wonke.
- Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza: Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-neoadjuvant kunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda umdlavuza ngemva kokuba usuphulukisiwe.
Azikho yini imiphumela emibi?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Kodwa ukuthi iyini incike ohlotsheni lokwelashwa olutholayo. Eminye yemiphumela evame kakhulu yile:
- Isifiso sokudla
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka kolimi (ageusia)
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
Kodwa ungesabi le miphumela emibi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngakho konke lokhu nodokotela wakho. Uzokunikeza imithi edingekayo kanye nezeluleko zokunciphisa le miphumela emibi. Futhi, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile (ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative) ezingakusiza ukuthi uphathe izinkinga futhi zikugcine ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Neoadjuvant kanye ne-Adjuvant Therapy?
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa 'ngokwelashwa okungeziwe'. Kokubili kuyindlela yokwelapha enikezwa njengokusekelwa kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza. Umehluko usesikhathini sokwelashwa.
| Isici | Ukwelashwa kwe-Neoadjuvant | Ukwelashwa Okungeziwe |
|---|---|---|
| Isikhathi | Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa | KokuhlinzwaKamuva |
| Umgomo Oyinhloko | Ukwenza umdlavuza ube mncane futhi kube lula ukuwuhlinza. | Ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase asale ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
Uma ucabanga ngalokhu njengomjaho we-marathon, i-'Neoadjuvant therapy' ifana 'nokufudumala' ngaphambi komjaho. Ikulungiselela kahle umjaho. I-'Adjuvant therapy' ifana 'nokupholisa' ngemva komjaho, isusa noma yiziphi izinkinga ezisele futhi ikwenze ululame ngokugcwele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Neoadjuvant kuyindlela yokwelapha enikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza. Ungakhathazeki uma uzwa ngalokhu.
- Lokhu kwenzelwa ukwenza isimila sibe sincane, okwenza ukuhlinzwa kube lula futhi kuphumelele kakhudlwana.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kungase kuvumele ukuhlinzwa okuncane esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa okukhulu, noma kungase kuvumele ngisho nokwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.
- Imiphumela emibi ingase ivele, kodwa udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuyilawula. Khuluma naye nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki.
- Bheka lokhu kwelashwa njengesinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu nesinethemba ekulweni kwakho nomdlavuza.
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