Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela noma othile omaziyo ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-nephrureterectomy', ungase uzizwe wesaba futhi wethukile kancane lapho uzwa leli gama. Liyigama elikhulu kakhulu neliyinkimbinkimbi. Eqinisweni, noma ubani angase esabe kancane uma ezwa leli gama. Kodwa ungesabi. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane. Sizoxoxa ngokuthi kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi kwenzeka kanjani.
Kuyini i-Nephroureterectomy?
Leli igama elide kancane, ngakho ake silichaze kuqala bese siliqonda.
- I-Nephro-: Lokhu kuvela egameni lesiGreki. Lisho ukuthi "izinso."
- Umchamo: Lona umbhobho othwala umchamo okhiqizwa ezinso zethu uye esinyeni.
- I-Ectomy (-ectomy): Lokhu kusho "ukususa ngokuhlinzwa" .
Kalula nje, i-nephroureterectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa izingxenye eziningana zomzimba wakho. Lezi yizingxenye ezisuswayo:
- Inso eyodwa ngokuphelele.
- Lonke i-ureter lixhumene naleyo ntso.
- Ingcezu encane yezicubu lapho i-urethra ixhumana khona nesinye ibizwa ngokuthi i-bladder cuff.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Udokotela uvame ukuncoma lokhu kuhlinzwa uma unomdlavuza endaweni yakho engaphezulu yomchamo, okungukuthi, izinso zakho noma i-urethra (umdlavuza we-urothelial noma umdlavuza we-transitional cell). Lokhu kuvame ukubhekwa njengokuhlinzwa "okukhulu" .
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa "okukhulu"? Kusho ukuthi udokotela akasusi umdlavuza kuphela, kodwa futhi ususa noma yiziphi izicubu noma izitho ezizungezile lapho umdlavuza kungenzeka ukuthi usakazeke khona. Isibonelo, uma umdlavuza ususakazeke kuma-lymph node aseduze, izinso kanye ne-ureter kungasuswa kanye nalawo ma-lymph node. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukususa ngokuphelele umdlavuza emzimbeni nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthi ubuye.
Ungazilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzohlangana nodokotela wakho. Uzoxoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi ahlole ukuphakama kwakho, isisindo sakho, kanye nomfutho wegazi ukuze abone ukuthi usukulungele yini ukuhlinzwa. Lesi yisikhathi esibalulekile kuwe. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
Kunezinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho:
- Yonke imithi oyithathayo:Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngemithi enqunywe udokotela, kanye nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (OTC), amavithamini, imithi yendabuko, kanye nemithi ye-Ayurvedic. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngemithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-aspirin.
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma une-allergies ethile emithini ethile, izihlanzi zesikhumba ezifana ne-iodine, ukudla, noma i-latex.
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza nemiyalelo yokuthi yini okufanele uyidle futhi uyiphuze ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile bazokutshela ukuthi udle uketshezi olucacile kuphela amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, futhi ungadli noma uphuze lutho cishe amahora ayi-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho ukulandela le miyalelo ngqo.
Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza i-nephroureterectomy. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-nephroureterectomy okuvulekile | Lena yindlela yendabuko. Udokotela wenza ukusika okukodwa noma okubili okukhulu esiswini sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudingeke kususwe ubambo. Le ndlela isetshenziswa uma umdlavuza umkhulu kakhulu noma usendaweni okunzima ukuyisusa. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic nephroureterectomy okwenziwa ngerobhothi | Lena yindlela yesimanje kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi. Ihilela ukwenza izimbobo ezincane kakhulu ezingu-3-5 kuphela (izimbobo zokhiye) esiswini. Ithuluzi elincane (i-laparoscope) elinekhamera lifakwa ngalezi zimbobo bese izitho zangaphakathi zikhuliswa esikrinini sekhompyutha. Udokotela ohlinzayo ulawula izingalo zomshini werobhothi ukuze enze ukuhlinzwa ngokunemba okukhulu nangokucophelela. |
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laparoscopic kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe berobhothi kunezinzuzo eziningi, njengezibazi ezincane, ubuhlungu obuncane, kanye nokululama okusheshayo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamane. Ngemva kwalokho, uzoyiswa egumbini lokululama. Odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokunakekela kahle uze ubuye uqaphile.
- Ubuhlungu: Kuvamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uzonikezwa imithi yobuhlungu ukuze ikusize ngalokhu.
- Isicanucanu: Abanye abantu bangase babe nesicanucanu ngenxa ye-anesthesia. Kukhona nemithi yalokho.
- Ukudla: Ukudla okumanzi kunikezwa ngosuku lokuqala noma ezimbili. Bese kuthi kancane kancane wethule ukudla okuvamile.
- Ukuhamba: Uzokhuthazwa ukuhamba kusukela ngosuku olulandela ukuhlinzwa. Nakuba kungase kube nzima, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuhamba kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni kanye ne-pneumonia.
Ngokuvamile uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa kuzodingeka ube nelungu lomndeni noma umngane ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
Isikhathi sokululama sinjani ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, udinga ukuphumula ngokwanele. Kufanele uzinike isikhathi sokululama ngokugcwele, okuvame ukuthatha cishe amasonto ayisithupha .
- Ukushayela: Gwema ukushayela okungenani amasonto amabili.
- Ukuphakamisa okunzima: Gwema imisebenzi enzima njengokuphakamisa isisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angu-9 (cishe amakhilogremu angu-9) noma ukugijima cishe amasonto ayisithupha. Lokhu kungalimaza izithungo futhi kubangele izimo ezifana ne-hernias.
- Ukuhamba: Ukuhamba kuyindlela enhle yokuzivocavoca.
Umzimba wakho ungase uphulukiswe ngesivinini esihlukile kunezinye. Ngakho-ke, lalela umzimba wakho. Uma kunzima, phumula.
Kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha nini?
Uzonikezwa isikhathi sokulandelela, okungukuthi, usuku lokubonana nodokotela futhi. Qiniseka ukuthi uya kulezo zinsuku. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzohlolwa izithungo bese, uma kudingeka, zisikwe bese zisuswa. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela.
| Isici okufanele usiqaphele | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane ophezulu | Uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingu-100 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) noma ngaphezulu. |
| Ukopha okuvela endaweni yokusikwa | Uma ukopha kukhulu futhi kungapheli. |
| Ukukhishwa okungavamile | Uma kukhona iphunga elibi noma ubomvu obuphuzi/oluhlaza obuvela endaweni yokusikwa. |
| Ubuhlungu obandayo | Ubuhlungu buya bukhula usuku nosuku, futhi abukwazi ukulawulwa ngisho nangemithi. |
| Ukuhlukaniswa komthungo | Uma izithungo endaweni yokusikwa zikhululeka futhi inxeba livuleka. |
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba, ukhathazekile, futhi ungaqiniseki ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. "Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuzophumelela?", "Kuthiwani uma umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba?", "Ingabe ukululama kuzoba nzima?", njll. Ungabambeleli kule mizwa. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nomndeni wakho ngakho. Uma wazi okwengeziwe ngalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukwesaba kwakho kuzoncipha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Nephroureterectomy inqubo yokuhlinzwa esusa izinso, i-ureter ehambisana nayo, kanye nengxenye encane yesinyi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengokwelashwa komdlavuza.
- Kunezindlela ezivulekile kanye nezindlela ze-laparoscopic (keyhole) zokwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa. Indlela ye-laparoscopic ayibuhlungu kakhulu futhi ayinazibazi eziningi.
- Kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi kanye nokungezwani komzimba okuthathayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Kungathatha cishe amasonto ayisithupha ukululama ngokuphelele. Gwema ukuthwala izinto ezisindayo phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Uma ubona noma yini ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, njengomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile esilondeni, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Bahlala bekulungele ukukusiza.
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